2024-03-28T13:01:22Zhttps://scholarsbank.uoregon.edu/oai/requestoai:scholarsbank.uoregon.edu:1794/123482015-06-17T22:56:44Zcom_1794_7556com_1794_7555com_1794_7552com_1794_7550com_1794_13074com_1794_6309com_1794_151col_1794_10290col_1794_13076
McGlohn, Emily
2012-10-26T01:43:50Z
2012-10-26T01:43:50Z
2012
http://hdl.handle.net/1794/12348
This thesis attempts to determine if misconception about vapor retarders and air barrier systems affects building enclosure design and construction. Literature on this subject is continually evolving and often contradictory, supporting confusion. A survey of designers and builders representing four climate zones within the United States was done. Respondents disclosed where they learned about building enclosures and shared how clear or confusing they think the resources are on this subject and also weighed in on a few basic principles about enclosure design. Results show that most building professionals learn about enclosures through experience or a colleague. The internet is the first written resource they use when questions arise. The most significant misconceptions identified are that in some cases vapor retarder placement does not follow accepted building science or code requirements and that a portion of respondents only consider the air barrier system the vertical surfaces of an enclosure.
en_US
All Rights Reserved.
Air Barrier System
Architectural Education
Building Enclosures
Residential Design and Construction
Sustainable Architecture
Vapor Retarder
A Comparative Study of Climate Based Design of Building Enclosures
Electronic Thesis or Dissertation
oai:scholarsbank.uoregon.edu:1794/205102019-03-05T20:01:57Zcom_1794_7556com_1794_7555com_1794_7552com_1794_7550com_1794_13074com_1794_6309com_1794_151col_1794_10290col_1794_13076
Dhar, Tanvi
2016-10-27T18:48:54Z
2016-10-27
http://hdl.handle.net/1794/20510
LEED(TM) for schools was introduced in response to research that showed the
influence of classroom environment on energy savings and students’ performance. There
is however a need to investigate the relationship between credits achieved by the
LEED(TM) for schools rating system and its impact on building performance. This study
quantifies and analyzes resource consumption and indoor comfort of two LEED(TM)
certified elementary schools in Houston, Texas by comparing them to their conventional
counterparts. Year-long metered data for 2015 was analyzed for resource consumption.
Indoor comfort was analyzed by recording visual and thermal comfort metrics for a north
and south oriented classroom in each school. Both LEED(TM) schools had greater energy
savings and better visual comfort as compared to the non-LEED schools. However, the
water consumption savings and thermal comfort varied by school. Also, the LEED(TM)
Gold School didn’t exhibit higher energy and water consumption savings than the
LEED(TM) Silver School.
en_US
All Rights Reserved.
Daylight factor
Elementary school
Energy use intensity
Houston
Texas
Indoor comfort
LEED
Comparing Environmental Performance and Indoor Comfort of LEED(TM) certified and Conventional Schools in Houston, Texas
Electronic Thesis or Dissertation
oai:scholarsbank.uoregon.edu:1794/192132015-08-24T11:25:14Zcom_1794_7556com_1794_7555com_1794_7552com_1794_7550com_1794_13074com_1794_6309com_1794_151col_1794_10290col_1794_13076
O'Neil, Shane
2015-08-18T22:53:43Z
2015-08-18T22:53:43Z
2015-08-18
http://hdl.handle.net/1794/19213
Discomfort glare from daylight is among the most common issues in commercial offices and has been shown to negatively impact productivity, comfort, and well-being. While occupants' adaptive behavioral responses to discomfort glare can significantly alter both the energy use profile and indoor environmental quality of a workspace, little is know about the specific relationship between the environment in which discomfort glare is perceived and the subsequent behavioral response to it. This study proposes a new Glare Response Sensitivity index to evaluate the relationship between environmental parameters and behavioral outcomes in a daylit commercial office building. The results of this study show through a parametric analysis that perceptual sensitivity mediates the relationship between environmental lighting conditions and controls use behaviors. Further, the results suggest that spatial factors including office type and level of control over the environment may affect the likelihood of active lighting controls use behaviors in daylit buildings.
en_US
All Rights Reserved.
Behavior
Daylight
Glare
Lighting
Quantifying Adaptive Behavioral Responses to Discomfort Glare - A Comparative Analysis of Daylit Offices
Electronic Thesis or Dissertation
oai:scholarsbank.uoregon.edu:1794/115002015-06-17T12:48:37Zcom_1794_7556com_1794_7555com_1794_7552com_1794_7550com_1794_13074com_1794_6309com_1794_151col_1794_10290col_1794_13076
Hogan, Matthew Bryan, 1982-
2011-08-22T18:13:23Z
2011-08-22T18:13:23Z
2011-06
http://hdl.handle.net/1794/11500
Passive House is a voluntary, performance-based energy standard for buildings. Passive Houses use on average 90% less energy for space conditioning than code-designed houses; Passive House therefore offers an ambitious performance target for home energy retrofits. Retrofits built to the Passive House standard in Europe have demonstrated a high level of energy performance. In the U.S., few Passive House retrofits exist to date; for this reason, design and cost information for such retrofits is lacking. This study establishes an exemplar through designing the Passive House retrofit of an older home in Eugene, Oregon. The retrofit's cost-effectiveness was examined by comparing projected "business as usual" (BAU) life cycle costs to those associated with retrofit. While the BAU scenario resulted in the lowest cost over a 30-year life cycle, the difference is relatively small; minor adjustments to key variables make the retrofit financially viable.
en_US
Architecture
Architectural engineering
Energy efficiency
Energy retrofit
Housing design
Life cycle costing
Passive house
Superinsulated
A Design Approach to Achieving the Passive House Standard in a Home Energy Retrofit
Thesis
oai:scholarsbank.uoregon.edu:1794/267232021-09-14T07:24:22Zcom_1794_7556com_1794_7555com_1794_7552com_1794_7550com_1794_13074com_1794_6309com_1794_151col_1794_10290col_1794_13076
Naik, Niyati
2021-09-13T19:06:58Z
2021-09-13
https://scholarsbank.uoregon.edu/xmlui/handle/1794/26723
It is the need of the day to design indoor environments that are not only comfortable but also pleasurable for the occupants. Passive yet dynamic architectural strategies have been widely acknowledged for their influence on thermal pleasure. However, this influence has not been adequately investigated. Dynamic solar screens of building facades are passive strategies that can potentially provide thermal comfort and pleasure. This dissertation research explored thermal pleasure in office spaces using dynamic solar screens as the tools to control the indoor environments. The study responds to these questions, (i) what typologies of dynamic solar screens are the most suitable in controlling indoor thermal environments for thermal pleasure? (ii) how to design dynamic solar screens for thermal pleasure? (iii) what is the relationship of thermal pleasure with indoor thermal environmental parameters and human physiological variables inside dynamic-movable and static-stationary screened spaces? (iv) what is the impact of sky conditions on thermal pleasure inside dynamic and static screened spaces, and (v) what is the significance of dynamic over static screens in influencing thermal pleasure under different sky conditions?
The research employed a multi-method approach of five inter-related studies, as follows: (i) meta-analysis of solar screen performance from previous studies, (ii) observational field study, (ii) computational simulations, (iii) indoor environmental monitoring, and (iv) within and between-subjects experiments involving human participants inside the experimental perimeter offices with dynamic and static screen shading. It was found that the dynamic screens, designed to create variability in the indoor thermal environment within the limits of the thermal comfort zone may influence thermal pleasure. The findings provide experimental evidence that expands the application of the thermal alliesthesia framework to building perimeter offices. They demonstrate the importance of indoor thermal environmental variability for occupant pleasure and well-being. This research contributes to occupant-centric building research by describing an approach to design shading systems that cater to occupant’s thermal pleasure and multi-comfort. This work will be of interest to scholars, architects, building designers, engineers, and students interested in research on thermal comfort, indoor environmental quality, adaptive shading, and passive architecture.
This dissertation includes previously published/unpublished material.
en_US
All Rights Reserved.
Indoor Environmental Variability
Occupant Well-Being
Passive Architecture
Solar Screens
Thermal Perception
HIDE & SEEK: Thermal Alliesthesia inside Solar Screened Perimeter Offices
Electronic Thesis or Dissertation
oai:scholarsbank.uoregon.edu:1794/267272021-09-13T19:07:36Zcom_1794_7556com_1794_7555com_1794_7552com_1794_7550com_1794_13074com_1794_6309com_1794_151col_1794_10290col_1794_13076
Deaton, Lyndsey
2021-09-13T19:07:35Z
2021-09-13
https://scholarsbank.uoregon.edu/xmlui/handle/1794/26727
Scholars agree that public space is essential for adolescents living in low-income communities. However, design professionals struggle to justify public space in resource-constrained environments such as rapidly densifying urban areas. As competition for space heats up, complex neoliberal processes often push out or squeeze in low-income communities that can be generally described as forms of forced dispossession—the taking of land—to make way for new development. Although development-forced dispossession and resettlement (DFDR) is widespread, the lives of adolescents in these environments have rarely been subjected to systematic and in-depth study.
Manila, Philippines and Hyderabad, India represent vivid cases where adolescents experience the most extreme forms of dispossession. Focusing on seven dispossessed communities this dissertation asks: what spaces perform as public space and how do adolescents use them? To answer these questions, I used a two-part, inductive research methodology starting with an environmental psychology approach that relied on intensive interviews with adolescents (n=73) to document their mobility, describe their place use, and characterize their environments. After collecting and analyzing photographs taken and maps made by adolescents as well as 178 hours of audio recordings with adolescents, adults, designers, and officials, I identified the most frequented spaces in each dispossessed community that were “public” in way adolescents used them and developed eight cross-cutting influences on their spatial activity.
In part two, I adopted an architectural approach to investigate the broader transferability of adolescents’ spaces to the community and evaluate their accessibility, safety, and environmental qualities. Through two years of field saturation including 250 hours of public space observations and nearly 1,300 detailed behavior maps, I found that urban planning processes of dispossession often oppresses girls’ environmental affordances and spatial mobilities more than any other sub-group. Therefore, architects and planners should work with adolescents, especially adolescent girls, to understand the power structures within each community and design upgrading strategies to improve the safety and accessibility of local public spaces. These findings were validated by using multiple sources of data for triangulation, recruiting diverse participant perspectives, and member-checking transcripts.
This dissertation has rich impacts. It extends previous findings on children’s experiences in low-income communities such as Lynch (1977), Chawla (2002), and Kreutz (2015) by shifting the framework toward the economy of space. Additionally, research involving adolescents’ experiences in dispossessed communities is scarce and, as such, this dissertation makes a significant contribution to the interdisciplinary field of children’s environments and, more broadly, to the study of dispossessed environments.
en_US
All Rights Reserved.
Children and Adolescents
Dispossession
Gendered Space
Neoliberalism
Public Space
Resettlement
No Place to Play? Studies of How Adolescents Use Public Space in Dispossessed Communities
Electronic Thesis or Dissertation
oai:scholarsbank.uoregon.edu:1794/119852015-06-17T12:50:18Zcom_1794_7556com_1794_7555com_1794_7552com_1794_7550com_1794_13074com_1794_6309com_1794_151col_1794_10290col_1794_13076
Dietzler, Karl Matthew, 1970-
2012-02-29T22:42:55Z
2012-02-29T22:42:55Z
2011-09
http://hdl.handle.net/1794/11985
Historic campgrounds on National Forest Service lands are a key location where the public experiences the intersection of natural and cultural resources. In the Pacific Northwest Region, the majority of historic Forest Service campgrounds date from the Civilian Conservation Corps/New Deal era of the 1930s; however, some existed previous to this period. Overall, these campgrounds were envisioned, designed, and evolved in an era of rapid technological change, when increasing industrialization, urbanization, and rural accessibility facilitated a cultural need for both preservation of and accessibility to natural resources.
In order to understand how these campgrounds evolved over time, existing campground conditions were documented using a case-study approach, based on historic integrity, range of geographic accessibility, and historical data availability. In order to understand what changes have occurred over time, existing and historic conditions were compared. Based on the results, broad cultural landscape stewardship recommendations are made.
en_US
rights_reserved
Landscape architecture
American studies
American history
Communication and the arts
Social sciences
Historic campgrounds
Historic preservation
Landscape history
Pattern on National Forest Lands: Cultural Landscape History as Evidenced Through the Development of Campgrounds in the Pacific Northwest
Thesis
oai:scholarsbank.uoregon.edu:1794/271562022-05-11T07:28:04Zcom_1794_7556com_1794_7555com_1794_7552com_1794_7550com_1794_13074com_1794_6309com_1794_151col_1794_10290col_1794_13076
Parhizkar , Hooman
2022-05-10T15:06:10Z
2022-05-10T15:06:10Z
2022-05-10
https://scholarsbank.uoregon.edu/xmlui/handle/1794/27156
The global pandemic has caused myriad damages to the lives of millions of people worldwide. Several studies confirm that indoor spaces are the main hotspots of COVID-19 outbreaks resulting in multiple confirmed instances of human-to-human transmission. Therefore, quantifying the impact of indoor environments and human activities on the transmission of infectious disease is key to stopping the spread of COVID-19 and prepare for future outbreaks. This dissertation is a multidisciplinary collaboration between designers, engineering, biologists, and public health experts to answer a question: “what is the airborne viral exposure risk indoors and how can building design and operations help to effectively reduce the risk of disease transmission indoors during the COVID-19 pandemic?” We aimed to answer these questions through following the projects:
Chapter.II. A quantitative aerosol risk estimation platform.
Chapter.III. Environmental mitigation of aerosol viral load.
Chapter.IV. Respiratory exposure at alternate distances.
In Chapter.II, we describe a quantitate aerosol risk estimation platform that is more mechanistic in nature than traditional risk estimates for airborne infectious disease. It enables the inclusion of aerosol size distributions and emissions from infected individuals with several predefined assumptions.
In Chapter.III we provide the first real-world evidence that building related interventions described in Chapter.II significantly impact the dispersion and abundance of SARS-CoV-2 virus in the presence of individuals who were diagnosed with COVID-19. We also provide novel insights about the relationships of human and environmental viral loads (aerosols and surfaces) in near and far fields.
In Chapter.IV, we describe a novel gas-tracing technique to quantify the degree of exposure to bioaerosols at alternate distances. Here we provide quantitative data to better explain the application of the well-mixed room assumption as well as insights about the distance from emitter variable that underly aerosol risk exposure estimates.
In this dissertation, we conclude that buildings have a substantial impact on the risk of COVID-19 transmission. We offer an estimation platform for better understanding the risk of infection transmission indoors and provide proof that environmental mitigation strategies substantially reduce the viral load in a controlled study with infected participants.
This dissertation includes both previously published/unpublished and co-authored material.
en_US
All Rights Reserved.
Aerosol Transmission Risk
Bioaerosol Sampling
COVID-19
Environmental Mitigation
Healthy Buildings
Viral Transmission
Estimating and Mitigating Indoor Airborne Pathogens to Support Healthy Buildings
Electronic Thesis or Dissertation
oai:scholarsbank.uoregon.edu:1794/283382023-05-30T07:30:16Zcom_1794_7556com_1794_7555com_1794_7552com_1794_7550col_1794_10290
Thompson, Polly Povey
2023-05-29T20:15:15Z
2023-05-29T20:15:15Z
1935-05
https://scholarsbank.uoregon.edu/xmlui/handle/1794/28338
During the last few decades the American tendency towards specialization has spread into almost every field of human endeavor, so that it is not at all surprising to discover a demand for specialized hotels with specialized functions. With the national fondness for holding conventions, the ordinary transients hotel, residential hotels, and resort hotels, with their conventional facilities have been found inadequate for the needs of large group meetings together in national or sectional conventions. In the ordinary hotel many of the facilities desirable and entertaining large, unified groups meeting together for business and pleasure are lacking. For instance, national conventions are showing an increasing desire to be housed in hotels having adequate conventions rooms, ballroom, lecture rooms, and the like – those features which are demanded by a group rather than an individual. Thus, it is not at all surprising that modern hotel architects should find themselves investigating the possibility of hotels designed specifically for conventions. It is also significant, in this respect, that the trend seems not to favor the erection of the specialized hotels for conventions in the large cities, but to place them, wherever possible, in the open country in beautiful and picturesque surroundings. The popularity of resort hotels for conventions bears out this statement. The fact that conventional group is, to some extent, removed from the distractions of a large city, the fact that the various delegates are living together as a large family group, so to speak, has the very desirable effect of creating a more unified feeling and of enabling the various members of the company family to become better acquainted. Moreover, with the most recent developments in rapid transportation the old argument of location in a large city or in a city centrally located has lost most of its effectiveness. As a result, specialized hotels of this kind are no longer bound by such limitations and they may, in fact, be located where other conditions seem more favorable. Access to the nearby city is easy by motors when desired. In point of natural beauty, picturesqueness, recreational facilities, and transportational advantages, the United states offers no more attractive location than the Oregon Coast.
en
Creative Commons BY-NC-ND 4.0-US
Oregon Coast
location
architecture
A Hotel for Conclaves
Thesis / Dissertation
oai:scholarsbank.uoregon.edu:1794/274992022-12-08T08:27:19Zcom_1794_7556com_1794_7555com_1794_7552com_1794_7550col_1794_10290
Thallon, Robert Lawrence
2022-08-17T23:05:12Z
2022-08-17T23:05:12Z
1973-03
https://scholarsbank.uoregon.edu/xmlui/handle/1794/27499
en
Creative Commons BY-NC-ND 4.0-US
dwellings
Pacific Northwest
architecture
Low Cost Owner-Built Houses of the Pacific Northwest
Thesis / Dissertation
oai:scholarsbank.uoregon.edu:1794/283252023-05-30T07:29:50Zcom_1794_7556com_1794_7555com_1794_7552com_1794_7550col_1794_10290
Dow, Merlin G.
2023-05-29T17:50:20Z
2023-05-29T17:50:20Z
1947-06
https://scholarsbank.uoregon.edu/xmlui/handle/1794/28325
The artist has sought in this project to create printed textiles for conetmporary interiors through organization
and structure within space. To build in space he has regarded the fabric itself the center of the spatial field and
has allowed a controlled play of opposing forces behind, before, and through this field. He has related the positive
space to the negative space, making the void as important a
consideration as the solid. To aid in the control of space,
he has employed the scale variations, the inertia, the tensions, the overlapping, the Interpenetration, and the transparency of planes and lines. He has accentuated color,
taking into account both the physical properties and the
psychological functions native to color. He has stressed
the natural texture of the material upon which the designs
were printed, the specific texture within the designs themselves, and the total textural effects of entire printed
samples. Be has sought unity and rhythm and movement in the
single design motif as well as the entire printed sample by
means of repetition and variation of the elements with which
he worked. He has attempted to maintain the qualities inherent in printed textiles, both as they appear In the total
flat design area and as they appear in a particular function.
He has tried to achieve vitality through boldness of contrast as well as through subtlety of relationships. Realizing that all elements In each design have a dynamic inter relationship, he has considered relativity one of the foremost qualities of organization, to increase interest in
this creative project, and because he did not have specific
practical problems, such as commissions, with which to work,
he has attempted to design for as great a variety of situations as possible within the limits of the handprint processes
for textiles.
en
Creative Commons BY-NC-ND 4.0-US
creative project
hand-print textiles
A Creative Project in the Design of Printed Textiles for Contemporary Interiors
Thesis / Dissertation
oai:scholarsbank.uoregon.edu:1794/256832020-09-25T07:24:23Zcom_1794_7556com_1794_7555com_1794_7552com_1794_7550com_1794_13074com_1794_6309com_1794_151col_1794_10290col_1794_13076
Kelly, Sean-Michael
2020-09-24T17:22:42Z
2020-09-24T17:22:42Z
2020-09-24
https://scholarsbank.uoregon.edu/xmlui/handle/1794/25683
Military barracks serve the same function today as they did in the first century—housing an Army’s soldiers. Their form has stayed less consistent than their function, however. Since 1973—and the end of the Draft—the Army needs to convince soldiers to volunteer and re-enlist. Barracks design became part of that enticement, shifting to a philosophy centered on individual satisfaction at the expense of community. Barracks designers moved from shared rooms to private rooms, made those private rooms larger, and deleted communal social gathering space to re-apportion square footage to the individual.
In 1999, a second influential event shaped barracks design—terrorism. To guard against the backpack bomb, prescriptive antiterrorism requirements all but forced designers to create clear zones around the barracks, void of social amenities. In addition, the standards saw exterior doors as a blast hazard and effectively eliminated outdoor balcony-access designs.
Throughout this dissertation, I focus exclusively on these two design drivers: the military's aim to improve retention through design and to ensure security through surveillance. I argue that both shifts resulted in negative consequences for soldier social health, and that social health influences individual retention, physical well-being, and suicide. Using environment-behavior theory as a foundation, I claim that architecture's influence occurs through the social experience of place. I analyze social, emotional, and physical health survey data, along with official Army re-enlistment and suicide records to test these claims.
The data show serious cracks in the current design strategy. Newer barracks actually perform worse from a social performance perspective. Residents of the newest barracks are statistically less likely to benefit from social trust, belonging, and support. And as their social health declines, so too does their emotional and physical health. They are more depressed, more angry, more bothered by poor sleep, have lower self-esteem, and have fewer ways to effectively deal with stress. The social ills of designing for terrorism and individual retention also extend into soldier outcomes. Service members assigned to newer, post-antiterrorism barracks (those built after 2004) are less likely to re-enlist and have a nearly 3-fold increase in the probability of committing suicide.
en_US
All Rights Reserved.
Barracks Design
Emotional Health
Social Cohesion
Social Health
Suicide
Suicide in the Barracks: Architecture and Social Connection in Military Housing
Electronic Thesis or Dissertation
oai:scholarsbank.uoregon.edu:1794/192582018-07-26T20:55:29Zcom_1794_7556com_1794_7555com_1794_7552com_1794_7550com_1794_13074com_1794_6309com_1794_151col_1794_10290col_1794_13076
Collins, Thomas
2015-08-18T23:03:12Z
2015-08-18T23:03:12Z
2015-08-18
http://hdl.handle.net/1794/19258
Plug loads—traditionally viewed as behaviorally motivated and beyond the control of designers and operations—are now seen as an integral part of achieving low-energy building targets. Higher education institutions are increasingly recognizing the environmental impacts of campus facilities through holistic approaches to energy savings including energy efficient design and occupant engagement. Residence halls are a compelling example because students bring large numbers of electronics to their rooms and have unlimited access to power for an all-inclusive room rate and resource usage competitions and campaigns are commonplace. However, limited research exists on residence halls plug loads.
This dissertation asked the following of residence halls: (1) What are the measured plug loads and how do they compare with design estimates? (2) What role do building design characteristics play in plug loads? (3) What are the specific occupant behaviors that could influence future design? (4) How can plug loads be better understood in terms of behavior, design, and operations? To answer these questions, a sequential mixed methods study included field measurements and student surveys in six residence halls on three Oregon campuses followed by 24 interviews with designers, operators, and students.
Findings suggest that plug loads in occupied residence halls are higher and usage profiles differ from design predictions. Results do not show significant correlations between design characteristics and plug loads but suggest that some room/suite level features may play a somewhat stronger role. Survey responses indicated that students are doing more with fewer smart devices, which suggests opportunities for students sharing energy intensive devices. Lighting emerged as both a practical and a social consideration. Finally, the data revealed “balance of power” as a coherent process that explicates the relationships between design, operations, and behavior. Designers have the power to recommend plug load strategies and technologies but are limited by costs, maintenance, and political concerns; operations personnel have the power to impose limits on student power usage but are often reluctant to interfere with the overall living experience; and students have the power to use plug load electricity with few restrictions. This suggests that the balance may be skewed toward student behavior.
en_US
All Rights Reserved.
Campus sustainability
Energy use
Green buildings
Occupant behavior
Plug loads
Residence halls
The Influence of Design, Operations, and Occupancy on Plug Loads in Student Housing
Electronic Thesis or Dissertation
oai:scholarsbank.uoregon.edu:1794/282582023-05-04T07:30:22Zcom_1794_7556com_1794_7555com_1794_7552com_1794_7550col_1794_10290
Sleight, Harold L.
2023-05-03T19:26:18Z
2023-05-03T19:26:18Z
1951
https://scholarsbank.uoregon.edu/xmlui/handle/1794/28258
This program study was born of ideas advanced in conference with the Chancellor of the State System. The chancellor, an able administrator himself, recognized the lack of, and the need for, administrators in the field of architecture. In times of emergency, or even in the normal course of events, architects may be called upon to become administrators. They mat in times of emergency be asked to devote their talents to large government undertakings, the proper execution of which would depend largely upon their ability to administer the project. It is also possible that in the normal pursuit of his profession the architect may find his office staff growing to a sizable number. This would demand that in order to preserve the standard of quality of his work and to ensure financial gain, the architect must be able to cope with the accompanying problems of administration. This thesis was undertaken to study this need.
en
Creative Commons BY-NC-ND 4.0-US
management
business
Administration in Architecture
Thesis / Dissertation
oai:scholarsbank.uoregon.edu:1794/270802022-02-19T08:23:39Zcom_1794_7556com_1794_7555com_1794_7552com_1794_7550com_1794_13074com_1794_6309com_1794_151col_1794_10290col_1794_13076
Ghasemi, Seyedsohrab
2022-02-18T18:13:26Z
2022-02-18
https://scholarsbank.uoregon.edu/xmlui/handle/1794/27080
Views through windows provide a visual connection to the outdoors, information about weather and time, and indoor environments. Observers looking through a window perceive dynamic scene content, but the associated benefits are difficult to quantify. To better understand these benefits we employed an online survey (n=59) whereby subjects ranked scenes associated with window views having differing levels of dynamism. The rankings were compared against numerical measurements of motion derived from scene recordings using OpenCV with Python. Results show statistically significant differences among high, medium, and low dynamism for each of the twelve views. Among 100% natural views, high dynamism scenes were most preferred. When comparing three levels of dynamism in views with human activity, the medium level of dynamism was most preferred indicating a potential desire for moderate activity while avoiding sparsely occupied “ghost towns” or the chaos associated with heavy vehicular traffic.
en_US
All Rights Reserved.
Dynamism
View Quality
The Scene Dynamism as an Aspect of Rating Indoor View Quality
Electronic Thesis or Dissertation
oai:scholarsbank.uoregon.edu:1794/103262015-06-17T23:12:49Zcom_1794_7556com_1794_7555com_1794_7552com_1794_7550com_1794_13074com_1794_6309com_1794_151col_1794_10290col_1794_13076
Vorderbruggen, Joan Marie
2010-04-23T23:48:36Z
2010-04-23T23:48:36Z
2009-06
http://hdl.handle.net/1794/10326
Energy and environmental concerns warrant reconsideration of
operable windows as a means of ventilating and cooling office
environments. To design for optimal window use and performance,
architects must understand human interaction with operable windows
and the factors that influence occupant participation in their thermal
environment.
This thesis examines workers' personal control of operable
windows in their office space through the lens of the following attributes:
proximity, orientation, and accessibility to operable windows, office floor
height, and the operational methods of windows. Three sites in the
Minneapolis metro area were examined through site visits, informalinterviews, collection of physical traces, and a questionnaire. Research
data reveal that proximity is the greatest determinant of window use.
Other attributes have varying degrees of influence on use of windows.
Surprisingly, workers valued operable windows significantly more for
fresh air than for cooling.
en_US
Windows
Work environment
Workplace environment
Office buildings -- Heating and ventilation
Evaluating How Attributes of Operable Window Design Affect Office-workers' Perception of Personal Control
Thesis
oai:scholarsbank.uoregon.edu:1794/282282023-05-02T07:29:19Zcom_1794_7556com_1794_7555com_1794_7552com_1794_7550col_1794_10290
Gvirtzman, Jehoshua Itzhak
2023-05-01T18:45:18Z
2023-05-01T18:45:18Z
1951-06
https://scholarsbank.uoregon.edu/xmlui/handle/1794/28228
The visual, social, psychological and mechanical problems of our cities were widely studied in the various works on historical development of our urban communities. It is not the object of this study to devote too much attention to this aspect of our social phenomenon, therefore, it will confine itself more to the condition of contemporary physical urban development.
en
Creative Commons BY-NC-ND 4.0-US
urban environment
contemporary architecture
neighborhood features
The Street in the Residential Neighborhood – With Special Emphasis on the Aesthetic and Community Planning Factors
Thesis / Dissertation
oai:scholarsbank.uoregon.edu:1794/284702023-07-04T07:31:42Zcom_1794_7556com_1794_7555com_1794_7552com_1794_7550col_1794_10290
Manion, Donald Keith
2023-07-03T21:54:50Z
2023-07-03T21:54:50Z
1949-06
https://scholarsbank.uoregon.edu/xmlui/handle/1794/28470
In a small upstairs gallery in the Museum of Art at the University of Oregon there is a wall case containing a group of statuettes of fired clay. In this group stands a comparatively small figure of a woman this is outstanding from its more ornate neighbors in its simplicity of rendering and direct expressiveness. Passive and immobile in its frontal pose, bisymmetrically disposed, it is frank statement devoid of enriching detail or glamour of color, though traces of pigment still remain in the crevices to suggest what might have been its original glory. The figure is cloaked in a long, sweeping, kimono-like rode that flares out at the base to cover completely what would be the feet. Likewise, the full bell-shaped sleeves, solidly attached to the body in their entire length, engulf the folded hands as would a muff.
en
Creative Commons BY-NC-ND 4.0-US
fired clay
Museum of Art, UO
Han Dynasty
The Changing Relationships of the Modeler to His Material in China and the Valley of Mexico a Comparative Study of the Clay Figurines of the Two Centuries Produced During the First Millennium of the Christian Era
Thesis / Dissertation
oai:scholarsbank.uoregon.edu:1794/179312019-02-19T23:42:33Zcom_1794_7556com_1794_7555com_1794_7552com_1794_7550com_1794_13074com_1794_6309com_1794_151col_1794_10290col_1794_13076
Batool, Ayesha
2014-06-17T19:45:24Z
2014-06-17T19:45:24Z
2014-06-17
http://hdl.handle.net/1794/17931
Jali screens are traditional window treatments in vernacular buildings throughout South Asia and the Middle East. Contemporary builders are starting to incorporate Jali screens as decorative façade elements; however, architects and scholars have largely ignored the impact of Jali screens on overall building energy and day-lighting performance. This research evaluates the effect of Jali screens, across a range of perforation ratios, on energy utilization and day-lighting quality in contemporary office buildings. The data collection and analysis is through fieldwork in Lahore, Pakistan, as well as through computational energy modeling. Results demonstrate that Jali screens have a promising positive impact on cooling loads and may improve visual comfort. The findings suggest a holistic perspective combining traditional architecture and performance enhancement by architects and designers.
en_US
All Rights Reserved.
Energy performance
Jali screens
Lahore Pakistan
User behavior
Vernacular architecture
Visual comfort
Quantifying Environmental Performance of Jali Screen Façades for Contemporary Buildings in Lahore Pakistan
Electronic Thesis or Dissertation
oai:scholarsbank.uoregon.edu:1794/110872015-06-18T01:10:29Zcom_1794_7556com_1794_7555com_1794_7552com_1794_7550com_1794_13074com_1794_6309com_1794_151col_1794_10290col_1794_13076
Ulrich, Nathan D., 1977-
2011-04-14T00:48:15Z
2011-04-14T00:48:15Z
2010-12
http://hdl.handle.net/1794/11087
Restoring oak habitats is an emerging conservation priority in Oregon's Willamette Valley. Both private and public landowners face multiple challenges to conservation and restoration of oak habitats, including a lack of knowledge about the potential tradeoffs and constraints for achieving multiple priorities on a given site. This study simulated 25 alternative oak habitat restoration scenarios to develop estimates of outcomes related to six different restoration priorities: costs, income potential, habitat value, scenic quality, fire hazard reduction potential, and time requirements. Model results indicated that initial land conditions strongly influence a landowner's ability to optimize among these different priorities. To assist landowners with decision-making, model estimates were organized into a digital decision matrix that communicates advantages and tradeoffs associated with each alternative scenario. In doing so, it aims to help landowners choose restoration goals that better meet their broader needs and objectives.
en_US
Fire hazard
Oak savanna
Pacific Northwest
Private landowner
Restoration
Tradeoffs
Landscape architecture
Oak -- Habitat -- Oregon -- Willamette River Valley
Willamette River Valley (Or.)
Northwest, Pacific
Restoring oak habitats in the Southern Willamette Valley, Oregon: A multi-objective tradeoffs analysis for landowners and managers
Thesis
oai:scholarsbank.uoregon.edu:1794/249022019-09-19T07:26:10Zcom_1794_7556com_1794_7555com_1794_7552com_1794_7550com_1794_13074com_1794_6309com_1794_151col_1794_10290col_1794_13076
Blankenberger, Denise
2019-09-18T19:24:58Z
2019-09-18T19:24:58Z
2019-09-18
https://scholarsbank.uoregon.edu/xmlui/handle/1794/24902
Humans thermally adapt and respond to the thermal environment in a number of ways, including psychologically. Preliminary evidence suggests that wood can lead to a perceived sensation of warmth while thermal history has been shown to affect the perception of thermal comfort. This thesis investigates two questions: (1) does wood material improve thermal comfort? (2) does thermal history impact present thermal comfort?
To explore these questions, two thermal comfort studies were conducted in a controlled laboratory setting. In the first, participants evaluated their thermal comfort with wood and white wall treatments while the thermal environment changed dynamically between warm and cool. The second tested the same wall treatments in a steady-state thermal environment. The first study indicates that recent thermal history impacts thermal perception, and no effect of wall treatment on thermal perception was found. The second study suggests that wood had a cooling effect.
en_US
All Rights Reserved.
Biophilia
Hue-heat hypothesis
Perception
Thermal comfort
Thermal history
Wood
Impact of Wood on Human Thermal Perception of Transient and Steady-State Indoor Environments
Electronic Thesis or Dissertation
oai:scholarsbank.uoregon.edu:1794/283492023-05-31T07:30:13Zcom_1794_7556com_1794_7555com_1794_7552com_1794_7550col_1794_10290
Koehler, John G.
2023-05-30T19:13:26Z
2023-05-30T19:13:26Z
1963
https://scholarsbank.uoregon.edu/xmlui/handle/1794/28349
It was Aristotle who first expressed the idea that an artist should be more than just an “Imitator of Nature” As Plato had stated. It was aristotle's belief that an artist should concern himself with what he calls the “Essence of Nature”. He sees the artist as an organizer of human experience. As such the artist does not copy nature literally and indiscriminately but rather selectively and creatively. Aristotle states that the purpose of the artist is to express the “truth” or the “universal” in life or rather to discover those things which are meaningful and significant and present these in a discriminating, discerning, and effective way. In order to produce or express what is the “Universal” the artist must produce a work which Aristotle said was to have “Internal Unity”. A painting which has this unity is one in which all of the parts are so interrelated “if any of them is displaced or removed the hole would be disjointed and disturbed.” As Aristotle reasoned “a thing whose presence or absence makes no visible difference is not an organic part of the whole." To some of this philosophy in contemporary terms would be to state that an artist should try to be selective in his choice of subject matter, be creative in the use of materials and media, be discriminating in the presenting of meaningful and significant discoveries and observations, and be able to present the whole in an effective way. It was not the intention of the writer to bring Aristotle into this paper to lend an aura of respectability. Ever since reading this work already cited it has been felt that this idea of Oh I seeAristotle’s would be a fairly good “rule of thumb” by which to gage one's painting efforts, and also be a good point of departure or a framework for a contemporary approach to painting. It lends itself well to the subject of this paper.
en
Creative Commons BY-NC-ND 4.0-US
Aristotle
philosophy of art
still life
Pattern and Special Considerations in the Organization of Landscape Material in Painting
Thesis / Dissertation
oai:scholarsbank.uoregon.edu:1794/277472022-10-27T07:29:13Zcom_1794_7556com_1794_7555com_1794_7552com_1794_7550com_1794_13074com_1794_6309com_1794_151col_1794_10290col_1794_13076
Fiati, Selorm
2022-10-26T15:26:34Z
2022-10-26T15:26:34Z
2022-10-26
https://scholarsbank.uoregon.edu/xmlui/handle/1794/27747
This study investigated two shoebox models representing a typical office space with an area of 20m2, one without window shading and one with a fixed louvered overhang. The study explored the impact of the louvered overhang with projection factor of 0.7 for an east, west and south-facing window on cooling load reduction and daylighting performance for office building retrofits in Accra, Ghana, and Miami, USA. The results showed that, in both Accra and Miami, the fixed louvered overhang achieved a reduction in window transmitted solar radiation of 22.7% - 27.3% for the Accra model and 26.3% - 30.2% for Miami. Consequently, total annual cooling load was reduced by 6% - 9% in Accra and 10% - 12% in Miami. In all cases, the louvered overhang improved the Useful Daylight Illuminance of the office space by 3.9% - 5.4% in Accra and 1.9% - 3.4% in Miami.
en_US
All Rights Reserved.
Cooling load reduction
Daylighting
louvered overhang
Retrofitting
Window heat gains
Window Shading for Cooling Load Reduction in Commercial Building Retrofits in Tropical Climates: The Case of Accra, Ghana and Miami, Florida
Electronic Thesis or Dissertation
oai:scholarsbank.uoregon.edu:1794/242112019-05-20T17:58:32Zcom_1794_7556com_1794_7555com_1794_7552com_1794_7550com_1794_13074com_1794_6309com_1794_151col_1794_10290col_1794_13076
Miller, James
2019-01-11T22:29:22Z
2019-01-11T22:29:22Z
2019-01-11
http://hdl.handle.net/1794/24211
In the era of Global Climate Change, forced displacement and resettlement will affect coastal communities around the world. Through resettlement, the local production of culturally supportive environments can mitigate culture-loss. While previous vernacular architecture studies suggest that the influence of imported architecture leads to culture change, this study investigates the continuity of generative structures in the production of culturally supportive built-environments, demonstrating resilience. In addition, this study expands the discourse on the dialectic relationship between culture and the environment by investigating the role of Indigenous Design Knowledge in the production of culturally supportive space.
The dissertation investigates the dialectic relationship between Marshallese culture and the built-environment and uncovers the continuity of deep cultural patterns (DCP) in the production of the Marshallese built-environment. These DCPs are forms of local knowledge production that generate culturally supportive environments. The study takes a theoretical position that persistent DCPs are resilient and provide cultural capital.
A multi-sited case study was conducted across rural and urban communities in the Marshall Islands. Historical ethnographies and archaeological studies of the Marshall Islands were examined for cultural patterns present in the built-environment. Interviews, participant observation, site documentation, and a survey were assessed for persistent cultural patterns in the built-environment that supported everyday life. Qualitative analysis uncovered persistent patterns in everyday cultural behavior, such as the cookhouse, and quantitative analysis uncovered spatial and syntactic relationships that demonstrated persistent, underlying cultural structures, such as the shared genotype of urban and rural housing.
While outside influence has impacted the production of the Marshallese built-environment and the Marshallese cultural evolution, I argue that DCPs generate everyday cultural spaces and aid in the reproduction of Marshallese place-identity. DCPs represent Indigenous Knowledge and should be applied to design frameworks for climate forced displacement and resettlement.
en_US
Creative Commons BY-NC-SA 4.0-US
Design
Indigenous
Knowledge
Micronesia
Resettlement
Resilience
The Continuity of Deep Cultural Patterns: A Case Study of Three Marshallese Communities
Electronic Thesis or Dissertation
oai:scholarsbank.uoregon.edu:1794/197022019-06-26T18:07:37Zcom_1794_7556com_1794_7555com_1794_7552com_1794_7550com_1794_13074com_1794_6309com_1794_151col_1794_10290col_1794_13076
Antonelli, Eleni
2016-02-24T00:23:51Z
2016-02-23
http://hdl.handle.net/1794/19702
Dry weather dominates several U.S. states, and some of them experience even long-term droughts. Yet, more than 10.6 million swimming pools exist in the U.S., and over 43,000 of them are in greater Los Angeles. Since roughly 100% of their water evaporates on a yearly basis, pool water evaporation accounts for a significant amount of water being wasted every day. Several studies have been conducted to create a proper equation for the evaporation rate on a pool surface, based on the wind speed, water temperature, and relative humidity. This thesis will address a research gap that was found in exploring the way the surroundings of the pool can affect its evaporation rate. In particular, this study examines the relation of the urban design to the evaporation rate of outdoor swimming pools by studying the way the housing type of a neighborhood affects the wind speed over the neighborhood’s pool surfaces.
en_US
All Rights Reserved.
Evaporation
Sustainable design
Sustainable urbanism
Swimming pools
Water-smart design
Water-smart Urban Design: Conserving Potential in Swimming Pools
Electronic Thesis or Dissertation
oai:scholarsbank.uoregon.edu:1794/267162021-09-14T07:24:00Zcom_1794_7556com_1794_7555com_1794_7552com_1794_7550com_1794_13074com_1794_6309com_1794_151col_1794_10290col_1794_13076
Shrestha, Subik
2021-09-13T19:02:19Z
2021-09-13
https://scholarsbank.uoregon.edu/xmlui/handle/1794/26716
“Downtown” and its revitalization have been among the most prominent issues for post-war American urbanism scholars. Of importance to this research are the federal government’s institution of urban renewal in 1954 to revitalize the declining parts of the central city areas and the local governments’ incorporation of the “pedestrian mall” strategy in the 1960s and 1970s. The downtown pedestrian malls successfully facilitated the downtown core revitalization in these two decades. However, several of them began to fail in the 1980s, continuing in the following decades. This research examines two questions through a historical study of downtown Eugene, Oregon. First, why did the retail center facilitated by the pedestrian mall begin to decline in the 1980s and eventually fail by the early-2000s? Second, in addition to demolition and reconstruction, what other design and planning-related processes did the urban renewal project experience?
The four major fields of inquiry comprising the literature research framework are urban history, urban morphology (Conzenian approach), space syntax, and urban economic/urban retail theories. The research incorporates a Mixed-methods Research Design, including archival research, interviews, space syntax analysis, mapping/spatial analysis, and statistical analysis. These literary and methodological frameworks examine the following urban morphological components: (1) building morphology, (2) retail business structure, (3) relationship between the mall and the built form, and (4) influential historical/socio-political forces.
Among the many reasons associated with the Eugene mall, the prominent ones are related to the drastic and sudden alteration to the existing built fabric, mall’s design and planning, spatial configuration, small business dislocations, the project’s planned and inflexible nature, disregard to downtown housing, failure of parking garages, and growth of outer-city areas. However, positive stories like the renewal agency’s efforts to facilitate the small businesses or the involvement of downtown merchants and the local community in the process are also central to the mall’s story. Additionally, in the later phase of the mall’s existence, the retail core experienced a shift in approach by the city and the renewal agency from a retail-centric approach to preserving the existing fabric and attracting diverse residential and commercial projects.
en_US
All Rights Reserved.
architectural morphology
post-war American urbanism
space syntax
urban history
urban morphology
urbanism
A Historical Inquiry into the Failure of Downtown Eugene's Pedestrian Mall Strategy to Revitalize the Retail Core, 1971-2002
Electronic Thesis or Dissertation
oai:scholarsbank.uoregon.edu:1794/283372023-05-30T07:30:14Zcom_1794_7556com_1794_7555com_1794_7552com_1794_7550col_1794_10290
Sidky, Aziz
2023-05-29T19:57:19Z
2023-05-29T19:57:19Z
1948-06
https://scholarsbank.uoregon.edu/xmlui/handle/1794/28337
A city serves different functions, but the common
function that is found needed in every city is to offer safe,
efficient and comfortable shelters and homes for its inhabitants,
There is no doubt that this objective has been scarcely
reached, and that was the result of improper planning. The main objective of this study is to make a research
of this problem through studying the city as a whole, and
finding out how a proper solution can be identified.
This study is the basis that is going to be taken into
consideration in the development of a program for a
"Workingmen City" to be designed in Cairo, Egypt, This city
will be a residential city for the workers in the factories
in Cairo, It will be a city of 6000 units, and the necessary
services. The choice of the site and the development of
the requirements and the program will be an application of
the conclusions and ideas that will be reached through this
study.
There is one point that should be noticed, that cities
are for the people, so the satisfaction of their needs is
what we should plan for. This necessitates the study of the
individuals for whom we are planning and through finding out
what they should have, an efficient and successful planning
can be reached.
In this respect all the factors that are influencing
the individuals for whom we are planning should be studied.
The social, religious, climatic, financial, traditional and
even historic conditions are to be considered, and only by
this way can we ever be able to know what we ought to do.
en
Creative Commons BY-NC-ND 4.0-US
land use
Detroit Eastside
A Workingmen City in Cairo, Egypt
Thesis / Dissertation
oai:scholarsbank.uoregon.edu:1794/227842019-05-31T19:02:51Zcom_1794_7556com_1794_7555com_1794_7552com_1794_7550com_1794_13074com_1794_6309com_1794_151col_1794_10290col_1794_13076
Issertes-Carbonnier, Eric-Valentin
2017-09-27T21:43:54Z
2017-09-27T21:43:54Z
2017-09-27
http://hdl.handle.net/1794/22784
Windows reduce heat loss and heat gain by resisting conduction, convection, and radiation using thermal breaks, low-emissivity films, and window gaps. Contrary to advancing these resistive qualities, this research introduced a highly conductive gap medium using Al2O3 nanoparticles dispersed in deionized water to enhance thermal conductivity. The solution harnessed the photothermal properties of Al2O3 nanofluids to trap, store, and transport thermally charged fluids to heat exchangers to preheat air and water, and to generate electricity forming a transparent generator—the Nanowindow.
Seven Nanowindow prototypes with varying orders of air and fluid columns were fabricated and tested using distilled water (H2Owindows) to establish a baseline of performance. A solar simulator was built to avoid environmental radiant flux irregularities providing a uniform test condition averaging 750–850 W/m2, and resulted in an undefined spectral match, Class B spatial uniformity, and Class B temporal stability. All Nanowindows were tested in a calibrated hot box determined to have a ±4% degree of accuracy based on four laboratory samples establishing a framework to conduct U-factor and solar heat gain coefficient (SHGC) measurements.
Four heat exchange experiments and standardized window performance metrics (U-factor, SHGC, and visible transmission) where conducted on seven H2Owindows. The top two H2Owindows were then tested using Al2O3 nanofluids. The highest performing Nanowindow improved total convective heat transfer rates using Al2O3 by 90% over water baseline, and 61% improvement in preheat water experiments. Nanowindows coupled with thermoelectric generators generated a rated voltage of 0.31VDC/0.075ADC per 12in2 Nanowindow, an improvement of 38% over baseline. Standardized window performance metrics confirmed Nanowindow U-factors ranging from 0.23 to 0.54, SHGC from 0.43 to 0.67, and visible transmittance coefficient (VT) ranging from 0.27 to 0.38.
The concept of nature as model system thinking provided a theoretical framework for the research and proof of concept experiment. Ultimately, the experiment shifted window gaps from resisting energy to harnessing solar energy. The Nanowindow thus presents a unique opportunity to turn vast glass facades into transparent generators to offset energy demand, and reduce greenhouse gases.
en_US
Creative Commons BY-NC-ND 4.0-US
Building Science
Fluidized window
High performance window
Nanofluid filled windows
Nanotechnology
Transparent generator
Nanowindow: Measuring Window Performance and Energy Production of a Nanofluid Filled Window
Electronic Thesis or Dissertation
oai:scholarsbank.uoregon.edu:1794/222632017-09-14T23:37:27Zcom_1794_7556com_1794_7555com_1794_7552com_1794_7550com_1794_13074com_1794_6309com_1794_151col_1794_10290col_1794_13076
Rasool, Sundas
2017-05-01T15:25:05Z
2017-05-01T15:25:05Z
2017-05-01
http://hdl.handle.net/1794/22263
This research studied the relationship between transit users’ travel experience and the built environment bus rapid transit (BRT) stations. The study recorded attributes of the built environment and user perceptions at eight Emerald Express stations between Eugene and Springfield, Oregon as case studies. It found that of the attributes studied, transit users’ satisfactions of pedestrian accessibility had strong correlations with their preference of using EmX over a car. It also found that users perceived stations in built environments with spare street shading and commercial land-uses as less safe, and were also less satisfied with weather protection at stations with low street shading. The study found Universal Thermal Climate Index (UTCI) and Predicted Mean Votes (PMV) to mostly identify the same categories of thermal stress. The study developed a rating system to evaluate station performance based on quantitative attributes and suggests short and long term improvements to improve semi-outdoor bus stations.
en_US
All Rights Reserved.
Safety
Comfort
Semi-outdoor bus stations
Semi-outdoor thermal comfort
User satisfaction at bus stations
The Built Environment & Transit User Experience at Semi-Outdoor Emerald Express Bus Rapid Transit Stations
Electronic Thesis or Dissertation
oai:scholarsbank.uoregon.edu:1794/275842022-10-05T07:30:31Zcom_1794_7556com_1794_7555com_1794_7552com_1794_7550com_1794_13074com_1794_6309com_1794_151col_1794_10290col_1794_13076
Mohajerzadeh, Zia
2022-10-04T19:35:47Z
2022-10-04T19:35:47Z
2022-10-04
https://scholarsbank.uoregon.edu/xmlui/handle/1794/27584
Architects and designers are increasingly interested in employing dynamic façades in contemporary office buildings. One of the dynamic facade types, which is widely used is a solar screen and they affect the indoor environment. This study evaluates the effect of a solar screen across a range of perforation ratios and its distance to the building on energy utilization, natural ventilation, indoor air temperature, and CO2 concentration in contemporary office buildings. Results demonstrate that dynamic solar screens have a promising positive impact on reducing energy consumption while improving indoor air quality. When these screens are in a closed state, they can reduce indoor air temperature up to 1°C and reduce energy consumption up to 60% in their most optimized state. Furthermore, the study’s results show that the dynamic solar screens impact airflow inside the office space based on their different states (open, semi-open, or closed).
en_US
All Rights Reserved.
The impacts of dynamic solar screens on energy performance and natural ventilation effectiveness in office buildings via cfd simulation under different climatic condition
Electronic Thesis or Dissertation
oai:scholarsbank.uoregon.edu:1794/192632015-08-24T11:25:25Zcom_1794_7556com_1794_7555com_1794_7552com_1794_7550com_1794_13074com_1794_6309com_1794_151col_1794_10290col_1794_13076
Bollo, Christina
2015-08-18T23:03:44Z
2015-08-18
http://hdl.handle.net/1794/19263
Vacancy in publicly funded housing is both a social and an economic loss. This research uncovers and tests the architectural contributions to vacancy in affordable, family housing in Washington State. Vacancy is broken into its core components: turnover frequency (how often people move) and turnover duration (including both length of time to get the unit ready and length of time to re-lease the apartment). The analysis is at the apartment scale, investigating the vacancy data of twelve properties in detail, dwelling by dwelling.
This is a sequential mixed-methods study. During the qualitative phase of the project, asset managers, maintenance staff, property managers and transfer tenants (residents who moved from one unit in a given building to another) were interviewed to determine key architectural and non-architectural predictor variables to include in the quantitative analysis. During the succeeding quantitative phase, multiple regression analysis determined the effect of these predictors on the dependent variables of turnover frequency and turnover duration.
The results show a high correlation between turnover frequency and variables such as the apartment’s floor level and floor area. Results show a linear, positive relationship between tenancy duration and floor area per person, regardless of whether the household meets the legal definition of crowded. Though the focus of the study was on architectural attributes, there are significant findings related to the household’s status as a Section 8 voucher holder and/or a single parent.
The study introduces a grounded theory of housing design called “Design of Compensation”. Often, program and site constraints lead to architects reluctantly designing a few “troublesome” units. The theory posited states the importance of making these troublesome units better. If architects, predicting this occupancy hazard, design compensatory positive attributes, such as laundry convenience, bay window or a balcony, they may be able to mitigate the high turnover frequency. Thus, data-driven research that helps architects understand the negative and positive effects on occupancy can help them to design better housing.
en_US
All Rights Reserved.
Crowding
Design
Grounded Theory
Housing
HUD
LIHTC
No Vacancy: Uncovering the Architectural Contributions to Social and Economic Sustainability in Subsidized Housing
Electronic Thesis or Dissertation
oai:scholarsbank.uoregon.edu:1794/226532017-09-07T08:01:00Zcom_1794_7556com_1794_7555com_1794_7552com_1794_7550com_1794_13074com_1794_6309com_1794_151col_1794_10290col_1794_13076
Kayatekin, Cem
2017-09-06T21:43:45Z
2017-09-06T21:43:45Z
2017-09-06
http://hdl.handle.net/1794/22653
Big business and small business, the global and the local, the rich and the poor—these polarities often inhabit compartmentalized geographies within the modern global city. This compartmentalization proves to be problematic since the lack of a localized diversity of socioeconomic actors is a critical point of vulnerability in the context of urban resilience. The question is, what role does the relationship between the built world and human socioeconomic agency play in the context of this issue?
The objective of this dissertation is to document, analyze, and understand: (1) at the district scale, how architectural / urban characteristics, typologies, and configurations have historically influenced the developmental trajectory and composition of the city’s socioeconomic fabric, and in turn how socioeconomic structures have historically influenced the architectural / urban characteristics, typologies, and configurations observed in the city; (2) at the building scale, how the internal physical / spatial characteristics and configurations of buildings have historically influenced the developmental trajectory and composition of the socioeconomic fabric, and how socioeconomic actors in turn have historically altered and influenced the internal physical / spatial characteristics and configurations of buildings over time; (3) the commonalities, patterns, and processes that can be discerned via the historic study of these narratives of physical and socioeconomic change; and (4) how these commonalities can in turn inform future architectural and urban projects in their capacity to support localized diversities of socioeconomic actors.
In seeking to answer these questions, this dissertation endeavors to understand, more broadly: (1) the historic nature of the relationship between the physical and the socioeconomic fabric of the city; and (2) how future alterations to the physical fabric of the city can be informed so as to positively impact a locality’s ability to attract and maintain a diversity of socioeconomic actors over an extended period of time. These broader objectives are pursued with the supposition that they have the capacity to significantly impact the ideological conception, as well as practical regulation, planning, and administration of global cities.
en_US
All Rights Reserved.
Architecture
Garment Industry
New York City
Urban Diversity
Urban Inclusivity
Urban Resilience
The Global City and Its Discontents: A Study of New York City's Garment District, 1930-1980
Electronic Thesis or Dissertation
oai:scholarsbank.uoregon.edu:1794/252572020-02-28T08:27:48Zcom_1794_7556com_1794_7555com_1794_7552com_1794_7550com_1794_13074com_1794_6309com_1794_151col_1794_10290col_1794_13076
Rivera, Maria
2020-02-27T22:34:53Z
2020-02-27T22:34:53Z
2020-02-27
https://scholarsbank.uoregon.edu/xmlui/handle/1794/25257
Recently, there has been a growing concern about poor thermal comfort and air quality conditions that can have a negative effect on children’s health and academic performance. Research in the U.S. and Europe has shown high classroom indoor temperatures and CO2 concentrations, and low ventilation rates. Little is known about classroom conditions in developing countries like Chile, where there is no adherence to environmental standards. Additionally, there is limited knowledge about students’ and teachers’ perceptions of environmental conditions in primary schools. Furthermore, studies have shown that current thermal comfort standards criteria might not be applicable to children.
This thesis aims to advance our understanding of students’ and teachers’ perceptions of thermal comfort and indoor air quality in primary school settings. Moreover, this dissertation intends to identify other factors that may influence thermal and air quality comfort. The research questions are: 1) What are the physical conditions of classrooms in Chilean primary schools?; 2) What is the relationship between physical conditions of classrooms among the three types of schools (public, private–subsidized, and private non–subsidized) commonly found in Chile?; 3) Do expectations of thermal comfort and air quality differ between students and teachers?; and 4) Do subjective perceptions of classroom environmental qualities differ between the types of schools that represent different social/economic backgrounds?
Two field studies were conducted in nine free-running classrooms in the city of Concepción, Southern Chile. Various methods were implemented to collect data, based on previous studies on children: survey questionnaires, physical measurements, interviews, behavioral observations, and statistical analysis. Approximately 880 students, aged 10-14 years old, and 80 teachers were surveyed twice a day in the fall and winter season of 2018.
Overall, the results show that students and teachers were comfortable, despite low indoor temperatures and poor air quality conditions, outside the comfort zone limits of the ASHRAE–55 standard adaptive model. Analyses from subjective responses reveal 80% of comfort acceptability, thanks to personal adaptations. A statistically significant difference (p<0.001) in students’ thermal perception was found between private-subsidized and public schools, and between private-subsidized and private-nonsubsidized schools.
This dissertation includes previously published and unpublished co-authored material.
en_US
All Rights Reserved.
Children and teacher survey
Developing country
Indoor Air Quality
Indoor Environmental Quality
School Buildings
Thermal Comfort
Indoor Environmental Quality in Chilean Classrooms
Electronic Thesis or Dissertation
oai:scholarsbank.uoregon.edu:1794/276232022-10-05T07:31:23Zcom_1794_7556com_1794_7555com_1794_7552com_1794_7550com_1794_13074com_1794_6309com_1794_151col_1794_10290col_1794_13076
Roldan, Jeronimo
2022-10-04T19:44:24Z
2022-10-04T19:44:24Z
2022-10-04
https://scholarsbank.uoregon.edu/xmlui/handle/1794/27623
What roles can federal and municipal institutions play in the support of place-based culinary heritage? This thesis examines recent developments in federal and municipal intangible heritage preservation programs through the lens of foodways and the concept of a foodshed. The goal of this research is to determine how programs benefit communities, businesses, and conservation advocates, and what strategies can help them be more effective.
en_US
All Rights Reserved.
Cultural Heritage
Folklore
Foodways
Historic Preservation
Intangible Heritage
National Parks
Foodways and Foodsheds: Supporting Culinary Heritage Practices
Electronic Thesis or Dissertation
oai:scholarsbank.uoregon.edu:1794/282592023-05-04T07:29:46Zcom_1794_7556com_1794_7555com_1794_7552com_1794_7550col_1794_10290
Sutherland, Jean L.
2023-05-03T19:36:22Z
2023-05-03T19:36:22Z
1956-06
https://scholarsbank.uoregon.edu/xmlui/handle/1794/28259
This terminal project grew out of a wish to construct a picture from small movable units f color as a discipline that would force the attention on the picture surface and its design and on an emphasis on a process in which this design is almost literally built together. While theoretically any material would have served the same basic purpose. at a previous time I have made a series of color samples of enamel on sheet copper and the possibility of using these little pieces as a source of color in pictures came to mind. After firing a number of pieces each several colors, arranging them in various combination, observing some peculiarities of visual effects and considering the permanence and manageability of the material I began to see that series of mosaics in enamel could be an interesting study in its own right as a terminal project
en
Creative Commons BY-NC-ND 4.0-US
sheet glass
enamel
metalsmithing
A Series of Mosaics
Thesis / Dissertation
oai:scholarsbank.uoregon.edu:1794/268682021-11-24T08:25:33Zcom_1794_7556com_1794_7555com_1794_7552com_1794_7550com_1794_13074com_1794_6309com_1794_151col_1794_10290col_1794_13076
Al Awadh, Sadiqa
2021-11-23T15:10:48Z
2021-11-23T15:10:48Z
2021-11-23
https://scholarsbank.uoregon.edu/xmlui/handle/1794/26868
We spend more than 90% of our time indoors. In office work environments, occupants are often seated in the same workstation for a prolonged period of time. If they do not receive the recommended quantity and quality of light or access to windows, this will be reflected in their decreased wellbeing, satisfaction, and productivity. This dissertation investigates the metrics, benchmarks, and tools that could test parameters that influence the availability of daylight and access to windows in buildings. It looks at both photopic light (illuminance, lux) for visual task needs as well as melanopic light (equivalent melanopic lux, EML) that triggers alertness levels and affects circadian entrainment for occupant health and wellbeing. The overarching question asked is whether glazing tints, office floor plates, or office indoor layouts more influential as architectural parameters that enhance or diminish the availability of daylight. To answer this question, fifty office buildings with various forms and interior layouts were simulated in both lighting analyses and isovist software to bridge both lighting design and interior design space syntax fields together. For experimental purposes, the parameters were constrained to limit the variables under study. The preliminary pilot studies tested the fixed parameters to be used for the lighting simulation conditions for all fifty office buildings: clear glazing, 2 storey height building context, location Portland, OR, climate zone 4C, overcast sky conditions, simulation time 9 am, 12 pm and 3 pm.
The simulation results highlight the impact of a small glazing tint choice that can deteriorate daylighting conditions by up to 82%. The major findings indicate shape factor was the strongest indicator of a building’s form for circadian potential. By calculating a building’s shape factor and conducting a point isovist analysis to obtain the isovist measures (AP ratio, compactness, and occlusivity) for a specific view, a multiple linear regression model equation was derived to calculate whether the occupant seating position and view meets EML benchmarks.
This research is a response to the need for awareness of the importance of lighting indoor environmental quality and occupant wellbeing by testing and providing quick rules of thumb and accessible simulation methods.
en_US
All Rights Reserved.
Daylight
Indoor Environmental Quality
Isovist Analysis
Occupant Well-being
Sustainable Building Design
Nine to Five: Design for Chronobiological Aspects of the Indoor Environment
Electronic Thesis or Dissertation
oai:scholarsbank.uoregon.edu:1794/284712023-07-04T07:31:44Zcom_1794_7556com_1794_7555com_1794_7552com_1794_7550col_1794_10290
Pinedo, Oscar
2023-07-03T22:06:14Z
2023-07-03T22:06:14Z
1937-02
https://scholarsbank.uoregon.edu/xmlui/handle/1794/28471
For more than four hundred years, the virgin regions of the Amazon plains in South America have been known as the most richly endowed in the world, where rivers form a veritable network of natural lines of communication that converge in the Amazon river and thus flow into the Atlantic Ocean. In the Republic of Peru are the highest portions and there rises the great river in the lofty peaks of the Andes Mountains. For many years there has been immigration into the valley and now various peoples are found established along the river banks. At present the settlements have spread along the river only, logically enough, because of the facilities of river transportation.
en
Creative Commons BY-NC-ND 4.0-US
immigration
river transportation
imports
Project for a City in the Amazon Valley
Thesis / Dissertation
oai:scholarsbank.uoregon.edu:1794/290792024-01-10T08:35:59Zcom_1794_7556com_1794_7555com_1794_7552com_1794_7550com_1794_13074com_1794_6309com_1794_151col_1794_10290col_1794_13076
Golshany, Nasrin
2024-01-09T21:08:10Z
2024-01-09T21:08:10Z
2024-01-09
https://scholarsbank.uoregon.edu/xmlui/handle/1794/29079
Population aging is a prominent demographic challenge. Older adults face increased risks of sleep dysfunctions, depression, and cognitive impairments due to physical, biological, and psychological factors associated with aging. These behavioral issues elevate safety risks at home, which necessitates the transition to assisted living facilities. Extensive research highlights the influence of healthcare environmental design, particularly related to architectural lighting impacts on residents' well-being and quality of life. To optimize older adults' health and well-being, it is essential to consider both the visual and non-visual effects of architectural lighting. Visual impacts include parameters related to task performance and visual acuity, while non-visual impacts may include outcomes such as circadian rhythm regulation, sleep quality, mood enhancement, and cognitive performance, thereby emphasizing the importance of implementing a holistic conceptual approach to human-centric lighting in indoor environments.While existing gerontology studies have primarily focused on light-level attributes, such as radiant flux, illuminance, and equivalent melanopic lux, there has been limited exploration of spectral and spatial pattern parameters in indoor lighting. The primary objective of this research is to investigate the impact of both quantitative and qualitative aspects of lighting design, including spatial layout characteristics such as uniformity, direction, centrality, and spectral attributes like correlated color temperature (CCT), on the visual perception, preference, mood, cognitive performance, and overall well-being of older adults in assisted living facilities. The study employed a multi-method approach across three main research phases. In phase I, a Q-sort survey involving 60 participants assessed the impact of diverse spatial light patterns on visual perception and preference. In phase II, a within-subject design evaluated the cognitive performance of 32 older adults in similar lighting scenarios within real and virtual environments. Lastly, in phase III, the study examined the relationship between spatial and spectral light patterns and cognitive performance through virtual reality testing with 32 participants.
Results revealed significant effects of different spatial light patterns on older adults' environmental impressions, including visual preference, stress levels, and cognitive performance. Uniform and indirect lighting were preferred, with no substantial differences between peripheral and central spatial arrangements of light layers. Non-uniform lighting induced a relaxed impression, while uniform lighting heightened perceived stress. Furthermore, the study demonstrated the suitability of virtual reality environments (VR) for assessing cognitive performance and subjective perception. The findings underscore the substantial influence of spatial and spectral light patterns on the cognitive performance of older adults in assisted living facilities. This research contributes to the understanding of the visual and non-visual effects of human-centric lighting on the well-being of older adults. By considering spatial and spectral light attributes, designers can enhance cognitive function, reduce impairments, and cultivate healthier and more efficient living environments.
en_US
All Rights Reserved.
THE IMPACT OF HUMAN-CENTRIC LIGHTING PARAMETERS ON OLDER ADULT’S PERCEPTION, AND COGNITIVE PERFORMANCE
Electronic Thesis or Dissertation
oai:scholarsbank.uoregon.edu:1794/283272023-05-30T07:29:52Zcom_1794_7556com_1794_7555com_1794_7552com_1794_7550col_1794_10290
Flach, Victor H. Jr
2023-05-29T18:35:53Z
2023-05-29T18:35:53Z
1957-01
https://scholarsbank.uoregon.edu/xmlui/handle/1794/28327
I take my motivation for the M.F.A. degree to be the Opportunity it provides rather than the M. or the F.A.: the Opportunity to pursue my personal Growing by continuing the original studies and development of the particular Programming begun about six years ago in collaboration with my professor and adviser Mr. Jack Wilkinson. In taking the
consequences of such Programming, there is a natural and
necessary manifestation or Expression of itself by the
individual persons in some meaningful and communicating Form;
"I merely apply the System”---Georges Seurat.
I find myself situated in the uniquely Temporal Culture
of the 20th Century with an aptitude for the two particularly
temporal media—the instantaneous Visual and the simultaneous
Mnemonic: which convention calls Painting and Writing. My
Wholehearted Involvement in this situation does not in any way
preclude preliminary or periodic Expression thru both these
media in terms of their maximum Differentiation as the means for
determining basic Potentials and Appropriatenesses of Expression;
but the natural disposition to Synthesis tends in the longrun
to produce a new Expression which is much more Comprehensive
in intent and interest, including as it does, not only both
visual and literary insights, but also tactile and kinetic
factors to compose s whole world complete in its context
where nothing is left out.
en
Creative Commons BY-NC-ND 4.0-US
Bethel District, North Barger Drive
Clear Lake Elementary School
An Epidotal Syllabus of the Mural at Clear Lake Elementary School
Thesis / Dissertation
oai:scholarsbank.uoregon.edu:1794/282572023-05-04T07:30:19Zcom_1794_7556com_1794_7555com_1794_7552com_1794_7550col_1794_10290
Silvera, Consuelo
2023-05-03T19:18:49Z
2023-05-03T19:18:49Z
1953-03
https://scholarsbank.uoregon.edu/xmlui/handle/1794/28257
The project developed in this thesis is the Rehabilitation of a Slum Area in Panama City, R.P. The district is called "Chorrillo" and it had a population of 27,375 inhabitants in 1950, at a density of 500 people her Hectare. The solution to proposed dwells only 20,000 at its maximum occupancy, at a density of 410 people per Hectare. To rehabilitate this sector is was necessary to make a general study of the whole city, based in the studies made in 1941 by Mr. Karl Brunner and in the information gathered by the Bank of Urbanism in Panama. It included study of geographic, economic, historic, cultural, and climate aspects.
en
Creative Commons BY-NC-ND 4.0-US
town planning theory
low income population
Rehabilitation of a Slum Area in Panama City, R.P.
Thesis / Dissertation
oai:scholarsbank.uoregon.edu:1794/123812019-03-04T19:52:58Zcom_1794_7556com_1794_7555com_1794_7552com_1794_7550com_1794_13074com_1794_6309com_1794_151col_1794_10290col_1794_13076
Wilson, Allison
2012-10-26T03:59:38Z
2012-10-26T03:59:38Z
2012
http://hdl.handle.net/1794/12381
This thesis attempts to determine if food-producing plant growth can be incorporated within a building envelope to create an ideal plant growth environment while simultaneously enhancing the thermal properties of the building envelope. A window system was designed as a means of bringing food production into the built environment in an easily accessible fashion from the interior of a high-rise apartment complex. The Ya-Po-Ah Terrace in Eugene, Oregon, was chosen as a case study site for research on how a window could promote health, provide nutrition, and enhance the thermal comfort of the inhabitants. The design of the window unit is founded in precedent research on methods of plant growth in urban environments and systems for growing food in small and efficient ways. The design found that it is possible to create an ideal plant growth environment within a building assembly for use as a food production method for building inhabitants.
en_US
All Rights Reserved.
Food
Hydroponic
Plants
Strawberry
Urban
Windows
Urban Food Growth: Designing for Vertical Building Surfaces
Electronic Thesis or Dissertation
oai:scholarsbank.uoregon.edu:1794/107322015-06-18T00:07:49Zcom_1794_7556com_1794_7555com_1794_7552com_1794_7550com_1794_13074com_1794_6309com_1794_151col_1794_10290col_1794_13076
Collins, Thomas Daniel, 1979-
2010-09-17T00:49:35Z
2010-09-17T00:49:35Z
2010-03
http://hdl.handle.net/1794/10732
New residence halls differ from their predecessors because of sophisticated systems, concern for energy efficiency, and attention to student satisfaction. Nevertheless, older facilities represent the bulk of housing stock on many campuses. A literature review revealed few recent studies related to student housing. This thesis questions how residence hall age influences occupant perceptions and actions related to comfort and energy consumption. The study took place in two residence halls, built in 1963 and 2006, and entailed an occupant survey of 103 residents as well as the collection of thermal and utility data. Survey results did not show a significant difference in occupant behaviors between the older and newer buildings. Thermal measurements in both buildings fell inside and outside the ASHRAE Comfort Zone, which supported occupant perceptions. Findings indicate a lack of student awareness of energy conservation strategies. Furthermore, greater consistency in campus utility metering would enable more accurate building performance comparisons.
en_US
Architecture
Higher education
Energy
Student housing
Student housing -- Oregon -- Eugene
Energy consumption
Dormitories -- Energy consumption
Behavior, comfort, and energy consumption in student residence halls
Thesis
oai:scholarsbank.uoregon.edu:1794/282412023-05-03T07:30:15Zcom_1794_7556com_1794_7555com_1794_7552com_1794_7550col_1794_10290
Daugherty, Joseph C.
2023-05-02T21:38:23Z
2023-05-02T21:38:23Z
1952-06
https://scholarsbank.uoregon.edu/xmlui/handle/1794/28241
Stone carving is one of the oldest of the arts. From the earliest times man has used the permanent native materials around him both to help maintain his existence and to enhance his life. Stone, being one of the more abundant and most permanent of the available materials, was familiar to man and he found he could change its shape by rubing or striking it with another stone. Thus sculpture was born and man's appreciation for this material was undoubtedly increased.
en
Creative Commons BY-NC-ND 4.0-US
sedimentrary rock
metamorphic rock
igneous rock
stone carving
The Carving of Native Sons of Oregon
Thesis / Dissertation
oai:scholarsbank.uoregon.edu:1794/237312019-05-16T18:25:34Zcom_1794_7556com_1794_7555com_1794_7552com_1794_7550com_1794_13074com_1794_6309com_1794_151col_1794_10290col_1794_13076
Abboushi, Belal
2018-09-06T21:55:23Z
2018-09-06
http://hdl.handle.net/1794/23731
Sunlight is a multidimensional phenomenon that influences occupant’s comfort and well-being through its dynamic visual and thermal attributes. Previous studies suggested that the presence of sunlight patterns in space was cheering and visually interesting, which could improve visual comfort and space quality. However, it remains unclear what the attributes of visually interesting sunlight patterns are, and whether their visual interest influences visual comfort. This dissertation aims to answer three main questions: (1) is there a difference in visual interest and mood response among different projected light patterns? (2) How do sunlight patterns of different geometries influence visual interest and visual comfort in offices? And (3) what are the geometrical attributes of sunlight patterns that should be implemented in office spaces?
To address these questions, a series of four studies were conducted. The first two studies extended empirical findings on visual interest and mood responses elicited by varying complexities of fractal and non-fractal light patterns projected on walls and floors of an interior space. These two studies determined which patterns to be further examined in Studies 3 and 4, which investigated the visual comfort, visual interest of sunlight patterns, and view quality under three different window conditions in office spaces.
The results of studies 1 and 2 suggested that fractal light patterns of medium to medium-high complexity, quantified by the fractal dimension in the range (D=1.5-1.7), were significantly more visually interesting than other patterns. Both studies found that fractal compared to non-fractal light patterns provided a better balance between relaxation and excitement. Study 3 found that the fractal pattern was associated with a significant increase in visual comfort, compared to the striped pattern, though the difference in visual interest between the two patterns was not statistically significant. Study 4 found that the effect of the fractal pattern on visual comfort, visual interest of sunlight patterns, and view quality was dependent on occupant’s view direction and façade orientation. These findings can have implications for the design and control of facade systems to improve occupant’s visual comfort, interest, and view quality in work environments.
This dissertation includes both previously published/unpublished and co-authored material.
en_US
Creative Commons BY 4.0-US
Daylight
Fractal patterns
Sunlight patterns
View quality
Visual comfort
Visual interest
Investigating Occupant’s Visual Comfort and Visual Interest towards Sunlight Patterns in Daylit Offices
Electronic Thesis or Dissertation
oai:scholarsbank.uoregon.edu:1794/130022015-06-17T14:47:35Zcom_1794_7556com_1794_7555com_1794_7552com_1794_7550com_1794_13074com_1794_6309com_1794_151col_1794_10290col_1794_13076
Miller, James
2013-07-11T20:13:06Z
2013-07-11T20:13:06Z
2013-07-11
http://hdl.handle.net/1794/13002
The study shows the importance of the lakou, which is a spatial manifestation of the familial social structure in the Haitian culture, through the analysis of post-disaster temporary settlements, showing that through their own devices endogenous inhabitants create the lakou in post-disaster temporary settlements. The methodology was qualitative through interviews, observations, and site mapping, and qualitative coding was used to uncover the emergent themes. This study establishes the importance of the lakou in community vibrancy and demonstrates how the lakou adds to the resilience of the survivors living in such settlements. The unprecedented transformation of the lakou from a kinship based settlement pattern to a more inclusive non-familial pattern points to the importance of the spatial and social manifestation in the development of community in a settlement. It is conjectured that this resiliency factor can be useful in the process of turning a post-disaster settlement into a successful permanent settlement.
en_US
All Rights Reserved.
Haiti
Lakou
Post-Disaster Planning
Resilience
Traditional Settlement Patterns
Vernacular Architecture
Redefining the Lakou: The Resilience of a Vernacular Settlement Pattern in Post-Disaster Haiti
Electronic Thesis or Dissertation
oai:scholarsbank.uoregon.edu:1794/101772015-06-18T00:52:56Zcom_1794_7556com_1794_7555com_1794_7552com_1794_7550com_1794_13074com_1794_6309com_1794_151col_1794_10290col_1794_13076
Shaw, William R.
2010-02-06T00:42:52Z
2010-02-06T00:42:52Z
2009-12
http://hdl.handle.net/1794/10177
In the 1930s Frank Lloyd Wright began working on a plan to remake the
architectural fabric of the United States. Based on the principle of decentralization,
Wright advocated for the abandonment of the industrialized city in favor of an agrarian
landscape where each individual would have access to his or her own acre of land.
Wright's vision, which he called Broadacre City, was to be the fruit of modern
technology directed towards its proper end - human freedom. Envisioning a society that
would be technologically advanced in practice but agrarian in organization and values,
Wright developed a proposal that embodied the conceptual polarity between nature and
culture. This thesis critically examines Wright's resolution of this dichotomy in light of
the cultural and intellectual currents prevalent in America of his time.
en_US
Wright, Frank Lloyd, 1867-1959
Broadacre City
Broadacre City: American Fable and Technological Society
Thesis
oai:scholarsbank.uoregon.edu:1794/121652015-06-17T13:25:24Zcom_1794_7556com_1794_7555com_1794_7552com_1794_7550com_1794_13074com_1794_6309com_1794_151col_1794_10290col_1794_13076
Oeltjenbruns, Rebecca Ann
2012-04-19T00:22:14Z
2012-04-19T00:22:14Z
2011-12
http://hdl.handle.net/1794/12165
Our current focus on the city core includes reintroducing the mixed-use building. This typology is not without challenges, and arguably none is more pressing than full retail occupancy. This analysis investigates the potential for start-up companies to supplement traditional retail on an interim basis.
By documenting the needs and expectations of the start-up and development communities (from multiple perspectives), this study assesses the potential connection between mixed-use and the start-up company.
Using a methodology informed by literature and augmented by personal accounts, this analysis reveals that the inclusion of start-up companies in mixed-use projects can present both short- and long-term benefits to ongoing retail difficulties: mixed-use buildings can be an ideal location for start-up firms, including start-up tenants can be economically feasible if certain measures are in place, and a new development model is not needed to connect an emerging business with an existing project.
en_US
rights_reserved
Area planning and development
Architecture
Communication and the arts
Social sciences
Architecture
Development
Entrepreneurship
Mixed-use vacancy
Pop-up
Start-up
Looking Beyond the Conventional Mixed-Use Development Model: Analyzing the Potential for Start-Up Businesses to Supplement Traditional Retail
Thesis
oai:scholarsbank.uoregon.edu:1794/277752022-10-27T07:29:51Zcom_1794_7556com_1794_7555com_1794_7552com_1794_7550com_1794_13074com_1794_6309com_1794_151col_1794_10290col_1794_13076
Alitema, Sharon
2022-10-26T15:32:58Z
2022-10-26T15:32:58Z
2022-10-26
https://scholarsbank.uoregon.edu/xmlui/handle/1794/27775
Daylight is a multifaceted phenomenon that influences occupant comfort through its dynamic visual attributes. In an exploratory study conducted at River Road Elementary school, classrooms facing north, and south are selected for visual comfort analysis. Semi-structured interviews and simulations are conducted to determine the subjective perceptions of visual comfort. While the interviews examine the teachers' perception/behavior, the simulations explore and assess selected architectural parameters that affect daylight-driven circadian lighting in the classrooms. A key and follow-up question are explored: (1) How does the post-occupancy adaptation of classrooms performed by the teachers affect their visual comfort needs during teaching hours? (2) Is there a significant discrepancy between the design and perceived illuminance levels in the North and South-facing classrooms? The key findings indicated that: (1) there is a low level of satisfaction with the perceived illuminance during teaching hours, (2) the adaptations minimized the potential for daylight to provide circadian entrainment, and in conclusion, (3) the overall pattern of visual and biological responses to light raise relevant design questions regarding perceived brightness, control, and space. To attain visually desirable environments, designers must understand daylighting strategies, shading, and the corresponding perceptions of comfort, as there can be implications on the levels of control and view quality from the window apertures.
en_US
All Rights Reserved.
Daylight Performance
High-Performance Buildings
Human-centric Design
A Post Occupancy Evaluation of daylight performance in classrooms at River Road Elementary School for Optimal Visual Comfort in Climate Zone 4C.
Electronic Thesis or Dissertation
oai:scholarsbank.uoregon.edu:1794/129572014-09-26T20:12:54Zcom_1794_7556com_1794_7555com_1794_7552com_1794_7550com_1794_13074com_1794_6309com_1794_151col_1794_10290col_1794_13076
Stattler, Jeffrey
2013-07-11T19:58:09Z
2013-07-11T19:58:09Z
2013-07-11
http://hdl.handle.net/1794/12957
Windows provide building occupants with important physiological and psychological benefits but are absent from many indoor spaces. It is argued that most existing attempts at compensating for an absence of windows fall short because they lack either outdoor environmental information or sensory stimulation. A wind-animated digital-tree shadow was used to test this hypothesis.
The work concludes that the following strategies are likely to help most to compensate for an absence of windows: (1) establishing a live connection with the outdoors; (2) introducing controllable sensory variation into a space; (3) making such change a source of natural environmental information.
It is suggested that these approaches could be helpful used either separately or in combinations but that a live connection with the outdoors that introduces controllable naturally-generated change into a space would likely be most effective.
The video files that accompany this thesis show the digital shadow with wind and computer generated movement.
en_US
All Rights Reserved.
Digital Shadow
Digital Tree
Shadows
Subject Study
Wind Animated
Windowless Rooms
Wind-Animated Digital-Tree Shadow as a Means of Improving Windowless Spaces
Electronic Thesis or Dissertation
oai:scholarsbank.uoregon.edu:1794/282602023-05-04T07:30:24Zcom_1794_7556com_1794_7555com_1794_7552com_1794_7550col_1794_10290
Widman, Lorraine Balmuth
2023-05-03T19:53:05Z
2023-05-03T19:53:05Z
1957-06
https://scholarsbank.uoregon.edu/xmlui/handle/1794/28260
The point of the portraiture problem, to me, lies in the ability of the artist to capture that which gives the person his "life". If so, the portrait must be not merely a physical replica of the person, but a selective choice and combination of the characteristics of that person. The portraitist must select these characteristics much as a caricaturist does, the difference being that the caricaturist emphasizes and separates these qualities in order to make the person grotesque, and by so doing eliminated subtlety, while the portraitist incorporates these characteristics into a total conception. The caricaturist divides while the artist unifies. The caricaturist is a journalist and is impersonal, while the artist is highly involved and personal. His feelings about his subject differ very much from the next artists, for his portrait reveals his attitudes and ideals. The portraits of Despiau, for instance, show an ideal which is highly sophisticated and reserved. He elevates the human over the animal by concentrating on the individual spirit with its infinite subtleties, and the mysterious inner qualities of each person. In contrast to Despiau, Epstein brings out our common earthiness and humanity, making the individual into a physical, as well as spiritual force.
en
Creative Commons BY-NC-ND 4.0-US
portraits
A Project in Portraiture in Sculpture
Thesis / Dissertation
oai:scholarsbank.uoregon.edu:1794/282772023-05-09T07:29:30Zcom_1794_7556com_1794_7555com_1794_7552com_1794_7550col_1794_10290
Meisel, Clair C.
2023-05-08T19:36:53Z
2023-05-08T19:36:53Z
1932
https://scholarsbank.uoregon.edu/xmlui/handle/1794/28277
The slope of the Balcony and height of the stoppings shall first
be considered, so that the steel used in the construction of the balcony
may be designed accordingly.
When "setting up" the sections of the Parquette circle or balcony
in the theater, it is desirable to sight from the eye level of the spectator, which will be considered as 4 feet 2 inches from the floor when
the spectator is seated, (.and 4 feet 10 inches to 5 feet when standing).
The theoretical principles used when fixing the heights of the steppings
upon which the seats are placed are as follows: A point is fixed on the curtain line 4 feet below the stage level,
and from this point, after the distance from the stage, the stepping,
and the floor level is placed, set up the spectator's eyes 4 feet 2 inches
above the floor, vertical with the back rail of the seat. Now from the
4 feet point on the curtain line, a line should be drawn cutting through
the eye of the spectator in the first row, and produced until it cuts
a vertical line set up at the back of the second row. Then from the
point where the vertical and radial lines intersect 5 inches is measured
up and that point gives the eye level of the second row. From the point
below the stage, a line is drawn through the eye level of the second
row, and produced until it intersects the vertical line set up at the
back of the third row, and from that point again measured up 3 inches
for each row, and from each eye level, measured down 4 feet 2 inches
will give the floor level for each stepping.
en
Creative Commons BY-NC-ND 4.0-US
design
graphical construction
A Cantilever balcony for a small theater
Thesis / Dissertation
oai:scholarsbank.uoregon.edu:1794/192062019-05-20T16:54:29Zcom_1794_7556com_1794_7555com_1794_7552com_1794_7550com_1794_13074com_1794_6309com_1794_151col_1794_10290col_1794_13076
Dirks, Ryan
2015-08-18T22:52:55Z
2015-08-18
http://hdl.handle.net/1794/19206
Green design is now a ubiquitous term in the profession of architecture, yet the energy performance of buildings in real-world conditions is poorly documented. A large number of buildings use substantially more energy than is predicted during design, and one possible explanation is that designers do not adequately understand the impact of thermal bridging through insulation on the energy use of a building. This study proposes a methodology that uses the parametric design program Grasshopper to quantitatively analyze infrared images for the degree of thermal bridging in a wall assembly. The end result is a user-friendly tool that architects can use to study the relative energy performance of their buildings in the field, giving them an increased understanding of the energy efficiency of their designs. Case studies of various details show a ten to fifty-five percent reduction in the effective R-value of the overall wall assemblies due to thermal bridging.
en_US
Creative Commons BY-NC-SA 4.0-US
Building performance
Building science
Green design
Thermal bridges
Thermography
Measuring Pixels: Using Grasshopper to Evaluate Thermal Bridges in Buildings
Electronic Thesis or Dissertation
oai:scholarsbank.uoregon.edu:1794/277742022-10-27T07:29:50Zcom_1794_7556com_1794_7555com_1794_7552com_1794_7550com_1794_13074com_1794_6309com_1794_151col_1794_10290col_1794_13076
Qin, Dan
2022-10-26T15:32:46Z
2022-10-26T15:32:46Z
2022-10-26
https://scholarsbank.uoregon.edu/xmlui/handle/1794/27774
Architectural lighting is a significant visual stimulus that impacts the occupants' moods and aesthetic experiences within the office environment. Previous literature suggests that the good quality of architectural lighting is considered an important factor that contributes to the visual aesthetic experience of an environment through psychological mechanisms. Lighting uniformity, luminance distribution, and direct/indirect lighting have been discussed in other studies, but lighting spatial patterns are unclear. In particular, assessing the combined effects of lighting parameters on human mood and visual aesthetic experience is challenging. Featured film scenes depicting office environments offer convenient material to study the effects of Lighting on occupants' visual perception and mood.This thesis presents the result of an exploratory mixed-method approach to determine how human-centered lighting design affects occupants' mood, visual aesthetic judgment, and visual preferences in open office spaces. Six spatial lighting patterns of open office workstations were analyzed using image content analysis of selected film scenes. The six rendered images were presented to 60 participants via an online survey to determine their preferences, interests, and aesthetic judgments. This research has revealed that two light spatial patterns were significantly preferred among the six lighting spatial patterns. The first lighting spatial pattern (LS-3) that the overall low average luminance environment, equipped with work view region lighting, which also has a higher luminance ratio (R), is visually preferred. In terms of the higher overall average luminance environment (LS-4), people preferred the overall uniform luminance without desk area lighting with a low luminance value (R). The study also indicated that subjects’ aesthetic judgment (mood repones) and the lighting spatial patterns (LS- 3) within lower overall average illuminance and only equipped with diffused pendant lighting and desk area lighting triggered visually felt more pleasant, relaxed, and satisfied.
en_US
All Rights Reserved.
human-centric lighting
mood
office space
visual aesthetic judgement
visual preference
The Visual Preference, Aesthetic Judgement, and Mood Response to Human-Centric Lighting in Office Spaces
Electronic Thesis or Dissertation
oai:scholarsbank.uoregon.edu:1794/282472023-05-04T07:30:25Zcom_1794_7556com_1794_7555com_1794_7552com_1794_7550col_1794_10290
Hannula, Walter
2023-05-03T17:25:02Z
2023-05-03T17:25:02Z
1959-06
https://scholarsbank.uoregon.edu/xmlui/handle/1794/28247
The process of making a large piece of sculpture is one thing. The selection of an idea for a terminal project is another. This selection is a once a matter of concern and a matter of importance. On the one hand, there is a concern that the project will show an appreciable amount of ambition. On the other hand, it is important that both the project and the candidate reveal themselves in a favorable and successful manner. In my case selection of an idea for the terminal project came about in a fairly appropriate manner. From various models and examples that I had made during the preceding terms, one, after some deliberation, was finally chosen lending itself most naturally to the task at hand. The model "Family" was selected because of its all-around interest and because it was fundamentally a good idea.
en
Creative Commons BY-NC-ND 4.0-US
model
armature
shoring
The Process of Making a Large Piece of Sculpture
Thesis / Dissertation