Freyd, Jennifer J.2003-08-082003-08-082001-09Freyd, J.J. (2002) In the wake of terrorist attack hatred may mask fear. Analyses of Social Issues and Public Policy, 2, 5-8. <http://www.asap-spssi.org/vol2i1b.htm> [Also published as: Misplaced anger may mask fear and sadness. [Op-Ed article] Register Guard, September 24, 2001, p. 9A.]0739-8557https://hdl.handle.net/1794/61Reactions of anger, rage, and hatred in the wake of September 11 terrorist attack are considered in light of the psychology of emotion and stress. Acknowledging underlying grief and fear through self-reflection, writing, and social communication is likely to reduce unchecked anger, rage, and hatred. Hate crimes may also have some psychological bases in responses to stress called “flight-or-fight.” When flight is not an option, identifying and hating an enemy may have had evolutionary value for survival. This response creates harm in the current situation. An alternative cooperative response to stress, called “tend-and-befriend” by researchers, will be more helpful.30239 bytes11570 bytesapplication/pdftext/htmlen-USTerrorismTraumatic stressArticle