University of Oregon, Institute for Health in the Built Environment2024-10-172024-10-172021https://hdl.handle.net/1794/3012530 pagesThe intent of this research effort was to better understand the intersection between mechanisms for improved indoor air quality and the impacts to energy efficiency and operational building emissions. The results can be used to inform program development and the design community on how to balance these two vital factors in the design and operation of multifamily housing buildings. The research included a literature review of supporting work on this or related topics. These findings were then used to inform the development of a multi-part modeling effort. This included: — indoor particulate modeling — building energy modeling — operating greenhouse gas emissions model based on energy use and time-variant grid emissions The study evaluated two main categories: existing affordable multifamily buildings and new affordable multifamily buildings. Within each of these categories, three cases were studied. These were as follows: E X ISTI N G BUI LDI N G — Baseline - Typical multifamily housing building — Retrofit - Addition of a portable HEPA filter unit — Renovation - Extensive upgrades to building envelope and HVAC systems NEW BUI LDI N G — Baseline - Code minimum multifamily housing building — Energy Efficient - Above code HVAC system efficiencies and envelope performance levels — Energy Efficient +IAQ - Above code HVAC system efficiencies and envelope performance levels with higher air filtration levels and higher ventilation air capacityArticleen-USCreative Commons BY-NC-ND 4.0-USindoor air qualityenergy efficiencymultifamily housingbuilding emissionsOther