Stormshak, BethMatulis, Jordan2025-02-242025-02-24https://hdl.handle.net/1794/30467The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness and mechanisms of change of a digital health adaptation of the Family Check-Up (FCU) Online, tailored for parents with a history of substance misuse. The FCU Online is a brief family intervention aimed to improve parenting practices to support their child’s healthy development. This dissertation utilized a randomized control trial sample of 356 participants recruited throughout rural and urban areas in the Pacific Northwest. Each participant was a primary caregiver of young children between 18 months to 5 years old and had a history of substance misuse. The study used parent-report data to capture measures of parenting self-efficacy, parent emotion regulation, and positive parenting behaviors. Structural equation models were used to assess the impact on parent self-efficacy, the proposed mechanism of change over time. The analysis revealed a significant increase of sustained parent self-efficacy over time for the intervention group, compared to the control group. Additionally, a mediation model of intervention effects explored the relationship of parenting self-efficacy and emotion regulation and its effect on positive parenting behavior. Results revealed that while there was no mediating effect through parental emotion regulation, the intervention effects on positive parenting behavior were partially mediated by the pathway of parenting self-efficacy. The study’s findings highlight the potential of digital health interventions, specifically the FCU Online, as an accessible modality to support parents with substance misuse in enhancing family functioning and parent behaviors to benefit child well-being and development. This study particularly underscores the significance of addressing parenting self-efficacy in parenting interventions as a significant mechanism to support behavior change in parenting behaviors.en-USAll Rights Reserved.Digital HealthEarly Childhood InterventionFamily Check-UpParenting InterventionsParents with Substance MisuseElectronic Thesis or Dissertation