Famoso, NicholasHopkins, Samantha S.B.Davis, Edward Byrd2024-10-232024-10-232018-04-19https://hdl.handle.net/1794/301326 pagesLarger body size tends to lead to lower reproductive rates in mammals, but we do not understand how diet impacts this relationship. Reproductive strategies vary from K-selected (producing few offspring with extensive parental care) to r-selected (producing many offspring with little parental care). Here, we investigate how diet and body size impact the reproductive strategies of mammals within a phylogenetic framework using an index for reproductive strategy. For all diet categories we find larger mammals to be more K-selected. This relationship is significant for herbivores and omnivores, but not for carnivores, although the relationship for carnivores is comparable to that of herbivores and omnivores. The relationship is non-linear in carnivores and may be a consequence of differences between insect and vertebrate predators. Ultimately, the trend of more K-selected strategies with larger body size holds true for herbivores and omnivores, but different trajectories exist for carnivores depending on diet.en-USCreative Commons BY-NC 4.0-USevolutionlife historymammalsArticlehttps://doi.org/10.1093/biolinnean/bly038https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1795-624X