SHOTWELL, J. ARNOLD2016-08-022016-08-021968-0800786047https://hdl.handle.net/1794/2000774 pagesThe late Miocene fauna described here represents the earliest step in a sequence of late Tertiary faunas studied as a part of a long range investigation into the interrelationships of the factors of faunal change. The study is deliberately provincial to reduce biogeographic effects and to allow independent time controls to be developed through detailed geologic mapping. The concept of the bulk fauna is used to indicate the entire fauna of the Northern Great Basin at any particular time. The association or community is the basic unit of study, the bulk fauna is the whole of which the associations are the overlapping parts.en-USCreative Commons BY-NC-ND 4.0-USMiocene faunaFaunal changeBiogeographicGeologic mappingNorthern Great BasinTertiary faunaArticle