Scholars' Bank :: Browsing by Author "Schlossberg, Marc"

Browsing by Author "Schlossberg, Marc"

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Open Access
Active Community Environments and Health: The Relationship of Walkable and Safe Communities to Individual Health
(Taylor & Francis Group, 2006) Doyle, Scott; Kelly-Schwartz, Alexia; Schlossberg, Marc; Stockard, Jean
The literature suggests that individuals will be healthier if they live in Active Community Environments that promote exercise and activity. Two key elements of such environments are walkability and safety. Examining data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey III, 1988–1994 and using a multilevel analysis, we found that individuals who live in counties that are more walkable and have lower crime rates tended to walk more and to have lower body mass indices (BMIs) than people in less walkable and more crime-prone areas, even after controlling for a variety of individual variables related to health. Among lifelong residents of an area, lesser walkability and more crime were also associated with respondents reporting weightrelated chronic illness and lower ratings of their own health. The effect of high crime rates was substantially stronger for women than for men, and taking this interaction into account eliminated gender differences in walking, BMI, weight-related chronic conditions, and self-reported poor health. The results suggest that to promote activity and health, planners should consider community walkability, crime prevention, and safety.
Open Access
An Alternative Alternative: The Road to Sustainable Transportation Law
(University of Oregon, 2013-10-03) Bloomfield, Jessica; Schlossberg, Marc
The dominance of motor vehicle use throughout America reflects a massive government intervention on behalf of automobiles. Congress directs billions of dollars into America's highway system annually, assuming that building new roadways is the best option to move people and goods from one place to another. These policies stand in direct contradiction to today's travel patterns. This research examines ways to improve federal law to achieve a more sustainable transportation future. First, it identifies the specific provisions in federal transportation law that inhibit the development of "low-build" transportation projects. Second, it describes challenges to halting roadway construction through litigation in federal court. Understanding the problems of federal transportation law and litigation sheds light on the ways to make positive change in the next federal surface transportation reauthorization. This research culminates in recommendations for how Congress can implement policies that require a comprehensive approach to transportation planning.
Open Access
Anti-Displacement Policy in Transportation Planning: A Plan Analysis
(University of Oregon, 2023) Bedrosian, Sarah-Anne; Schlossberg, Marc; Brown, Anne; Shoop, Casey
Cities in the United States have an extensive history of displacement of marginalized communities, specifically during the 1950s and 60s. This displacement was primarily caused by federally funded urban renewal programs, meant to improve aging infrastructure and build an entirely new transportation system to meet the demands of the growing automobile industry. The interstate freeway system was the primary result of these programs, but not without a cost, as marginalized communities were primarily the ones displaced. This thesis explores how transportation planners today consider this history of displacement from transportation investments, through the inclusion of anti-displacement policy in their published planning documents. This study made use of a typology rating system and qualitative analysis to perform an overall plan analysis of 10 U.S. cities. Each of these cities was chosen based on their bicycle infrastructure. The plan analysis found an overall poor inclusion of anti-displacement policy and/or language in the cities’ transportation and comprehensive plans. These findings indicate the necessity for greater inclusion of this policy in city planning documents to recognize displacement history more effectively and prevent future displacement as a result of transportation investments.
Open Access
Bicycle Boulevards: Statistical Analysis of the Presence of Bicycle Boulevards and Their Influence on Bicycle-to-Work Rates in Portland, Oregon
(University of Oregon, 2013-07-11) Khut, Rithy; Schlossberg, Marc
One of the top bicycling cities in the United States, Portland, Oregon has used a mixture of bicycle infrastructure to create a cohesive network for bicyclists. Building on their success, in 2010 Portland set forth on an ambitious path to envision their bicycle network in 2030. The primary goal of this plan is to attract the “Interested but Concerned” demographic of bicyclists through an increase of their bicycle boulevard network from 30 miles to 286 miles. However, there has been no direct link between bicycle boulevards and bicycle rates. Therefore, this study analyzes the influence of bicycle boulevards on bicycle-to-work rates using U.S. Census data with Geographic Information Systems data in concert with both ordinary least squares (OLS) regressions and a fixed effects (FE) regression. The OLS and FE models both indicate that there is a statistically significant relationship between bicycle boulevards and bicycle-to-work rates.
Open Access
Bicycle Transportation
(University of Oregon, 2010) Welch, Monica; Schlossberg, Marc
The proposals reviewed in this document were generated as a result of collaboration between the City of Salem and the University of Oregon Sustainable Cities Initiative. Fifty-one students in a Planning, Public Policy, and Management course entitled “Bicycle Transportation”, taught by Professor Marc Schlossberg, reviewed and examined critical elements of an urban bikeway system and proposed projects that would encourage increased bicycle ridership.
Open Access
Bicycle Transportation in Medford: Connections to the Bear Creek Greenway
(University of Oregon, 2014) Schlossberg, Marc; Peizer, Ross; Fiorelli, Thomas;
Under the direction of Professor Marc Schlossberg, 42 students in the University of Oregon Department of Planning, Public Policy, and Management’s Bicycle Transportation course reviewed and examined critical elements of an urban bikeway system and proposed projects that would encourage and increase bicycle ridership and safety in Medford. This course was offered to upper-level undergraduates and graduate students from a variety of academic disciplines. Course projects were generally chosen by surveying elements of Medford’s environment including: • Existing and proposed bike lanes • Automobile traffic volumes on all roads • Residential population density in Medford • Connecting neighborhoods, schools, parks, and destinations. One of the city’s primary goals was to think about ways to build upon and highlight the amenity of the Bear Creek Greenway. The Bear Creek Greenway provides Medford an excellent source for bicycling and walking, but routes connecting to and from the greenway into neighborhoods, business districts, or recreation areas around Medford are lacking. Students focused on various areas surrounding the Bear Creek Greenway and researched potential recommendations for enhancing its use and connections between destinations. Projects developed for this course considered current bicycle parking capacity, average daily traffic (ADT) counts, neighborhood demographics, local economy, and nearby destinations. Students collaborated with city staff to identify locations where the Greenway intersects key Medford streets. This report outlines ways to better utilize this asset. Some students introduce the concept of a neighborhood greenway and different strategies developed to better connect schools and neighborhoods safely. Some present a set of approaches that enable bicycle riders to share the road safely with automobile traffic. Other students focus on non-design bicycle and active transportation related projects including education campaigns, wayfinding and branding, and other forms of encouragement, or programs that can increase community awareness and participation in cycling. Recommendations vary from easily implemented changes that complement existing infrastructure, to more challenging road redesigns and treatments. Consistent across course projects, however, was a focus on connectivity throughout Medford that can provide citizens of all ages and abilities with bicycle access to this source of untapped potential from both arterial and neighborhood streets.
Open Access
Bicycle Transportation in the City of Albany
(2017) McNeill, Mikaila; Schlossberg, Marc
This report documents the ideas, methodologies, and proposals produced by students of the University of Oregon’s Bicycle Transportation class for the City of Albany, Oregon. Albany saw much of its growth during a period when the individual freedom given by automobiles was considered the main viable form of transportation, and all other forms of transportation were shifted away from mainstream society. Like other small cities, Albany developed as an auto-centric highway town. For this reason, the development of infrastructure has been based largely on the automobile as the primary mode of transportation.
Open Access
Bicycle Transportation in the City of Troutdale
(University of Oregon, 2021-06) Gisler, Abby; Little, Daniel; Schlossberg, Marc
In this report, students critically examined potential redesigns to existing infrastructure with the intent of promoting higher rates of bicycle ridership in Troutdale. Students worked in small groups to create recommendations, using case studies of other cities and small towns, including both domestic and international examples. Teams focused on the following projects: • Redesigning Main Street in downtown Troutdale as a safe cycling route connecting a potential bike shop to the rest of Troutdale. This includes creating new protected bike lanes downtown, reimagining parking on Main Street, incentivizing the creation of a bike shop in the old City Hall location, and increasing bike parking capacity downtown. • Designing safe cycling infrastructure along Halsey Street to promote access to McMenamins Edgefield via bike, including the establishment of an off-street path adjacent to Halsey Street and a neighborhood park. • Redesigning 2nd Street to create a safe neighborhood bicycling corridor, including the development of bioswales, green-painted bike lanes, and other strategies that slow car traffic and encourage cycling on the route. • Connecting Glenn Otto Park to downtown via bike and promoting cycling at Glenn Otto Park. • Promoting Troutdale as the gateway to the 40-Mile Loop. • Planning events and cultural initiatives that instill a sense of pride in Troutdale as a regional leader in cycling. The resulting proposals utilize ideas from all groups and are categorized into ‘Gold,’ ‘Silver,’ and ‘Bronze’ tiers based on the strength of the proposal in improving bicycle infrastructure and the level of investment required for implementation.
Open Access
Bike the Hub: Creating a Family-Friendly Bike System in Redmond
(2015) Montzka, Dianna; Nicolello, Bree; Vollstedt, Anya; Tejedas, Hope; Schlossberg, Marc
This report documents the ideas, methodologies, and proposals produced by students of the Bicycle Transportation class for the City of Redmond, Oregon. Project members visualized a family-friendly bicycle network that included both connections to and from schools, as well as the redesign of several auto-centric corridors. The scope of the projects were open-ended, but students were expected to make recommendations that could be used in future city transportation projects. The City of Redmond is consistently making efforts to improve the safety of their bike network and to increase the number of residents who bike.
Open Access
Connecting Bikes to Transit in Springfield: Transforming Springfield’s bicycle network and LTD’s transit stations to encourage bike-to-bus opportunities
(University of Oregon, 2012) Camp, Allison; Schlossberg, Marc
The proposals outlined in this report were a result of collaboration between Lane Transit District (LTD), the City of Springfield, and the University of Oregon Sustainable Cities Initiative during the fall academic term of 2012. Forty-seven students, a mix of graduate and undergraduates from a variety of disciplines, enrolled in the Planning, Public Policy, and Management course entitled “Topics in Bicycle Transportation,” used their knowledge of bicycle infrastructure and planning to develop recommendations to increase the number of bicycles reaching LTD’s transit stops.
Open Access
Connecting Sisters, Oregon
(University of Oregon, 2023) Schlossberg, Marc; Lee, Grace
Situated in the northwest pocket of Deschutes County, Sisters includes varied outdoor recreation options, beautiful scenery, and top tier hiking and mountain biking trails. The city’s thriving downtown is bisected by East Cascade Avenue, which bustles with economic activity and serves as a throughway to Redmond, Bend, and central Oregon. The street is often congested with vehicular traffic, which keeps speeds slow and makes crossing for most pedestrians relatively easy, if not slightly uncomfortable. Crossing this primary street by bike, however, is more difficult, especially for less confident cyclists such as youth and the elderly. Parallel streets to East Cascade Avenue also enjoy robust commercial uses, contain extensive car parking for the entire downtown region, and run the risk of acting as alternative ‘through streets’ for motorists trying to avoid East Cascade. A downtown bypass road to the north of East Cascade Avenue, primarily for diverting freight trucks from the city center, is being planned and developed, and will likely reduce truck traffic through the heart of Sisters, making viewsheds of pedestrians and cyclists crossing East Cascade Avenue slightly easier, though congested conditions are likely to be the norm due to the popularity of Sisters as a regional destination and ‘on the way’ between central Oregon and the more populous regions to the west. Population and housing growth are expected to continue over the next decade, putting pressure on Sisters to both accommodate new residents and maintain a high level of community livability. Sisters Elementary School will soon be moving to join a middle and high school on a single campus area on the southwest side of town. New housing developments are occurring throughout the entire Sisters community and many students live in outlying communities in the region as well, creating automobile traffic to the school and through the community during school drop-off and pick up. Because of its small size, travelling within the city is relatively easy to do by foot, bike, or driving, though there could be more to explicitly support people on bike both in terms of infrastructure connectivity design and in encouraging its use. And with better support for cycling, both residents and tourists to the community stand to benefit. Below are some of the key ideas that can help move the community in this direction.
Open Access
Corvallis 9th Street Urban Redesign
(University of Oregon, 2023) van Vliet, Lauren; Banks, Megan; Knudson, Kaarin; Li, Alex; Schlossberg, Marc
Over fall term 2023, Community and Regional Planning graduate students worked with the City of Corvallis to reimagine how a 14-acre site in north central Corvallis, along the city’s 9th Street commercial/mixed use corridor, might redevelop and intensify under the city’s recently adopted commercial mixed use (CMU) zoning standards. Three student groups analyzed the opportunities, constraints, and challenges of reimagining the site based on three areas of focus: 1) Equity, 2) Walkability, and 3) Climate Resilience. Each group used this unique lens to inform their research, analysis, and design. This report outlines the scope of work, background research, and design proposals that could be considered by Corvallis for the future of the site.
Open Access
Crest Drive Community Mapping Project - Community Atlas 1.0
(2006-05-16) Schlossberg, Marc; Heater, Heather; Bargen, Sara; Rolniak, David
This Atlas contains a series of maps resulting froma community-based mapping project between the University of Oregon and the Crest Drive Citizens Association in Eugene, OR. In the Fall, 2006 academic term, students taking the class “PPPM 4/536: Applied Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and Social Planning” worked with residents of the Crest Drive Neighborhood to collect data in the neighborhood of interest to residents. The planning for this project began about four months prior to the term when the Chair of the neighborhood association, Kathy Saranpa, and I, the instructor of the course, met to brainstorm potential project ideas. Over the course of those four months, we eventually decided to conduct a walkability analysis of some central streets between Crest Drive Elementary School and Wayne Morse Ranch. Data was collected using ArcPad GIS with teams of residents and students doing the data collection. In addition to maps showing this data, this final Atlas also includes maps of the neighborhood using other city and census data.
Open Access
Cycling in Coburg for Recreation, Transportation, and Tourism: A Visioning Process
(University of Oregon, 2020) Hart, Nick; Schlossberg, Marc
In collaboration with the Sustainable City Year Program and Lane Transit District (LTD), the city of Coburg set out to examine and explore possible solutions related to bicycle transportation. Students addressed: multi-use paths, ways to make auto-centric streets more bicycle friendly, safe routes to school opportunities, bicycle tourism (within Coburg and extending throughout the region), and marketing materials and campaigns related to bicycling. In response to the topic of multi-use paths and improving auto-centric streets, student groups focused on the Coburg Loop Path, suggesting improvements at critical intersections. Additionally, students suggested developing a series of “bicycle boulevards” to enable path users to connect their destination or departure point to the Loop Path with ease. The network of potential “bicycle boulevards” expanded as students considered ways to improve routes from neighborhoods around Coburg to the Coburg Community Charter School. Students highlighted several streets within Coburg that could receive treatments to encourage walking and biking to school. Suggestions for improving intersections near the school are included in this report. Such improvements could provide safer crossings for students during peak traffic hours. In examining tourism and marketing opportunities for Coburg, student groups focused on the critical location Coburg holds along the Willamette Valley Scenic bikeway. Coburg is three miles from the southern terminus of the 138-mile route that follows the Willamette River from Portland’s outskirts. The bikeway sees many riders every year and is heavily promoted by Travel Oregon, the state’s tourism agency. By capitalizing on Coburg’s location along the route, local businesses could benefit through increased bike traffic. Looking more locally, students outlined plans for a bicycle tour of Coburg’s History, drawing inspiration from the Coburg historical homes tour and the pride residents displayed in their own history throughout visioning documents. As a balance between local and far reaching tourism opportunities, students looked to the Oregon Gran Fondo for inspiration in proposing a similar event centered around Coburg, the Willamette Scenic Bikeway, and neighboring small towns.
Open Access
Cycling Towards a Sustainable Future: A Plan for the Implementation of Bicycle Networks in Springfield
(University of Oregon, 2011) Pawashe, Apurva; Crum, Hannah; Schlossberg, Marc
The proposals outlined in this report were generated in the collaboration between the City of Springfield and the University of Oregon Sustainable Cities Initiative during the fall of 2011. Forty-two students in the Planning, Public Policy, and Management course entitled “Bicycle Transportation,” taught by Professor Marc Schlossberg, reviewed and examined critical elements of an urban bikeway system and proposed projects that would utilize bicycle infrastructure to encourage bicycle ridership in Springfield.
Open Access
Delineating "Public" and "Participation" in PPGIS
(Urban and Regional Information Systems Association, 2005) Schlossberg, Marc; Shuford, Elliot
PPGIS is often presented and promoted as a more people-centered GIS compared to a more traditional technocratic,expert-driven tool or methodology. Yet, the umbrella of PPGIS is quite broad. Within such a broad context, it may be helpful for practitioners and scholars of PPGIS to better understand exactly what PPGIS is.
Metadata only
Delineating 'Public' and 'Participation' in PPGIS
(2003-07) Schlossberg, Marc; Shuford, Elliot
PPGIS is often presented as a people-centered alternative to the use of GIS compared to a more technocratic,expert-driven methodology. Yet, the umbrella of PPGIS is quite broad. Within such a broad context, it may be helpful for ractitioners of PPGIS and those who may be interested in PPGIS concepts to have a better understanding of exactly what PPGIS is. Or, in other words, having a clearer conception of what ‘public’and ‘participation’ is, and how they relate to expected outcomes and outputs within a GIS context is very important as the ideas and ideals of PPGIS continue to gain momentum. Understanding the variations in the types of ‘public’, cross-referencing them against the distinctions in ‘participation’, and linking the intersection of types of ‘public’ and ‘participation’ to expected GIS outcomes and outputs would greatly enrich the field. Moreover, such delineation would allow PPGIS practitioners and those considering PPGIS approaches to appreciate the linkages of certain types of participation processes, certain elements of the public, and certain types of expected project results. This paper offers a review of key literature relevant to public participation and presents potential integrated matrices to guide future PPGIS thought.
Open Access
Development Proposals for Three Targeted Sites in Salem, Oregon
(University of Oregon, 2010) Braseth, Mark; Larco, Nico; Schlossberg, Marc
Students in a combined Architecture and Planning class called City Growth/ City Design were asked to create development proposals for three sites located in urban renewal areas of Salem, Oregon, as part of the University of Oregon’s Sustainable City Year program. Students conducted research similar to due diligence activities a developer might undertake when evaluating a site for development. Students’ research identified appropriate uses, identified opportunities and constraints, analyzed current zoning and transportation infrastructure, and considered community needs. Findings and analysis were used to make informed proposals that offered realistic opportunities and, in some cases, pushed the boundaries of traditional development.
Restricted
Downtown Parks Connectivity Analysis with Geographic Information Systems (GIS)
(University of Oregon, 2010) Bean, Trafton; Schlossberg, Marc
The following report documents the ideas, proposals, and methodologies produced by the Sustainable City Year (SCY) Downtown Parks Connectivity project for the City of Salem. The Downtown Parks Connectivity project members included students in the University of Oregon’s department of Planning, Public Policy and Management enrolled in the academic course PPPM 436/536: Social Planning with Geographic Information Systems (GIS). Project members were given the task of connecting Salem’s core area parks by proposing a system of urban pedestrian trails and bicycle routes. The City of Salem hopes to improve pedestrian and bicycle accessibility to enhance the recreational potential of the parks system and the enjoyment of park patrons. Research was primarily conducted using GIS, however this comprehensive report puts an emphasis on ideas for improving transportation connectivity and connecting Salem’s downtown communities rather than the technical GIS methodologies. Note that GIS is still addressed in the final sections of the report and in the appendices, but this is due to the innovative nature of select projects that require a technical understanding of GIS. Each section is divided into brief summaries of individual projects. Policy and planning recommendations are included on a case-by-case basis. The conclusion section includes an overall summary of recommendations generated by these reports.
Open Access
Is Sprawl Unhealthy? A Multilevel Analysis of the Relationship of Metropolitan Sprawl to the Health of Individuals
(SAGE Publications, 2016-06-30) Kelly-Schwartz, Alexia C.; Stockard, Jean; Doyle, Scott; Schlossberg, Marc
This article addresses the contention that urban sprawl influences general health through physical activity, obesity, and the presence of chronic disease. Data on individual health is obtained from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey III study in 29 primary metropolitan statistical areas, and data on sprawl are from Ewing et al. Using hierarchical modeling, the results indicate that even with strong controls for individual variables, residents of areas with more highly accessible and gridded street networks have higher health ratings. At the same time, residents of more densely populated urban areas have lower rated health, net of individual-level measures. Measures of sprawl have no significant relationship to frequency of walking, body mass index, or diagnosis of various chronic diseases. However, among those with chronic conditions, including hypertension, diabetes, and lung disease, those who live in areas with more highly connected street networks have higher rated health.

Browsing by Author "Schlossberg, Marc"

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