Student Works

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Open Access
1 + 1 Is Not Always 2: Variation in the Relations Between Mathematics Self-Efficacy Development and Longitudinal Mathematics Achievement Growth
(University of Oregon, 2015-01-14) Shanley, Caroline; Biancarosa, Gina
Creating an educational program that results in positive post-secondary and science, technology, engineering, and math (STEM)-oriented outcomes for all students is a national goal and federal policy directive. Recent research has shown that in addition to measures of academic proficiency, intra- and interpersonal skills are important factors in college and career readiness. Likewise, mathematics proficiency is an important skill for successful STEM outcomes and post-secondary success, but these achievements and outcomes frequently vary based on demographic characteristics. This study utilized data from the Early Childhood Longitudinal Study, Kindergarten Class of 1998-99 to examine the relationships between mathematics achievement growth in Grades K-1 and Grades 3-8, mathematics self-efficacy development in Grades 3-8, and demographic factors including sex, socioeconomic status (SES), and race/ethnicity. Various models of mathematics achievement growth were tested, and the relationships between both early and middle grades mathematics achievement growth and self-efficacy development were also explored. Sex, SES, and race/ethnicity differences in both mathematics achievement growth and self-efficacy development were discovered, and findings were consistent with familiar achievement gaps favoring white and Asian males from above median SES households. In particular, SES was found to be a ubiquitous factor in both mathematics achievement and self-efficacy development, and sex moderated some of the relationships between mathematics achievement and self-efficacy. Implications for future research, instructional design, and intervention development are discussed.
Open Access
$1 CEO Salaries and R&D Spending as a Form of Extreme Incentive Compensation and Investor Signaling
(University of Oregon, 2019) Gardner, Brooke L.
While gaining popularity in mainstream media, the $1 CEO salary is a trend whose motives and impact remain largely misunderstood. This paper examines a dataset of 155 companies that have implemented the $1 salary. Statistical testing is used to analyze the relationship of $1 salaries to several variables including company financial measures and descriptive CEO attributes. The trends in research and development spending, capital expenditures, and stock price that result before and during the $1 salary period are also examined. The goal of this research is to understand the relationship between $1 CEO salaries and long-term spending in the form of research and development and capital expenditures. The secondary goal is to understand how the $1 salary acts as a form of extreme incentive compensation and investor signaling by using long-term spending as a proxy for managerial belief in future firm performance. The findings in this thesis suggest that $1 CEOs have strong beliefs in their firms as demonstrated by the $1 salary and increases to long-term spending. However, investors do not appear to share this same belief in the firm which suggests the $1 salary may be an ineffective attempt at signaling.
Open Access
1816: "The Mighty Operations of Nature": An Environmental History of the Year Without a Summer
(University of Oregon, 2012) Munger, Michael; Munger, Michael; Dennis, Matthew
The catastrophic eruption of the Indonesian volcano Mt. Tambora in April 1815, which ejected a cloud of sulfur dioxide into the upper atmosphere, plunged the world into a rapid temporary climate change event. A series of bizarre weather anomalies, including snowstorms in June and repeated heavy frosts throughout the rest of the summer, earned 1816 the moniker "the Year Without a Summer." This paper examines the various ways in which Americans reacted to the climate change--seeking causation explanations through science and superstition, political and religious responses, and the efforts to appreciate what the events meant in terms of the world's changing climate. Through these various reactions, a picture emerges of Americans' incomplete understanding of science and nature, as well as an uneasy reckoning with the impossibility of fully explaining their environment and the potential dangers it presented to them.
Open Access
The 1903-1904 Typhoid Fever Epidemic in Butler, Pennsylvania
(University of Oregon, 2009) Donheffner, Kristen
Open Access
The 1960s NAACP Campaign to Integrate Public Housing in Portland
(University of Oregon, 2007) Matsumaru, Michael
Like many other cities in the U.S. during the 1960s, Portland, Oregon featured an undeniable black ghetto, located in the heart of its Albina district. The Portland branch of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) struggled throughout the 1960s to keep local government from perpetuating the existing ghetto. For years, the NAACP and other civil rights organizations protested plans from the Housing Authority of Portland (HAP) to build federally subsidized public housing units in the heart of Albina.
Open Access
A 2-D Magnetotelluric Investigation of the Cascadia Subduction Zone
(University of Oregon, 2016-06) Wogan, Nicholas
I have produced four 2-D magnetotelluric conductivity inversions of MOCHA data roughly between the latitudes of 43N and 46N that indicate fluid variation along strike in the Cascadia subduction zone. I directly compare these results to Wannamaker et al. 2014 EMSLAB inversion and find the models to be very similar despite the use of different data sets and inversion methods. Conductivity structure along the plate interface supports the hypothesis that there is "partial creeping" occurring in the locked zone in central Cascadia, as well as the possible presence of a secondary, inboard locked zone at 44.5N in the ETS region. The variability of conductivity along strike also suggests a more permeable crust in the northern region of Cascadia directly overhead the ETS zone, and more fluid accumulation in this same region. This study indicates that a more permeable overlying crust, combined with larger amounts of fluid present may be critical components of rapid ETS occurrence.
Open Access
21st Century Skills Development: Learning in Digital Communities: Technology and Collaboration
(University of Oregon, 2012) Short, Barbara; Short, Barbara; Scalise, Kathleen
This study examines some aspects of student performance in the 21st century skills of Information and Communication (ICT) Literacy and collaboration. In this project, extant data from the Assessment and Teaching for 21st Century Skills project (ATC21S) will be examined. ATC21S is a collaborative effort among educational agencies in six countries, universities, educational research groups, high tech innovators and the multinational corporations Cisco, Intel and Microsoft. ATC21S demonstration tasks explore the use of digital literacy and collaborative problem solving constructs in educational assessment. My research investigates evidence from cognitive laboratories and pilots administered in one of the ATC21S demonstration scenarios, a collaborative mathematics/science task called "Global Collaboration Contest: Arctic Trek." Using both quantitative and qualitative methods, I analyze student work samples. Specifically, I (i) develop a rubric as a measurement tool to evaluate the student assessment artifact "Arctic Trek Notebook" for (a) generalized patterns and (b) trends that may indicate skill development in collaborative learning in a digital environment and (ii) conduct descriptive studies among the variables of student age and student notebook characteristics. Results are intended to inform instructional leaders on estimates of student ability in virtual collaboration and to make suggestions for instructional design and professional development for online collaborative learning assessment tasks in K-12 education.
Open Access
29 Visionary HYMNS
(2006) Carlson, Chris; Garah, Joey
29 Visionary HYMNS is a collection of original poetry with annotations written for Suzanne Clark's HC 444 seminar on Cold War Literature. The poems are written in the form of John Berryman's Dream Songs, and refer to works by various authors that were presented in the class.
Open Access
29 Years Between Protests and The Newspaper that Separates and Connects Them: A comparison between the Register Guard's representation of the 1970 ROTC protests and its representation of the 1999 anarchist riots of Eugene, Oregon
(Robert D. Clark Honors College, University of Oregon, 2003-11-21) Weidman, Katie
For my paper, I would like to compare the rhetoric, focus, and intent of media coverage today with that of the sixties. I will discuss the stories, photographs, and editorials used by the Eugene Register Guard to depict the April 15, 1970 University of Oregon anti-ROTC riots, and compare them with coverage of the June 18, 1999 Anarchist riot in downtown Eugene. Specifically, I hope to find out how the Register Guard, as well as the culture it represents, changed (or remained the same) in regards to riots over the last forty years. Did the University of Oregon’s protests of the 1970’s set the standard, or create the form for the protests of 1999 to follow? What tactics do protesters and reporters continue to use, and what tactics were unique to the sixties? These are the questions to which I hope to offer some possible answers, while looking at how local newspapers might have worked with or against rioters in both time periods. Although my research was centered around the Register Guard, I also read Oregon Daily Emerald and Oregonian articles, newspaper clippings in the R. D. Clark Presidential Archives, as well as books discussing the media and the sixties. The comparisons in this paper will primarily be shaped by the opinions and objectives of Eugene Register Guard reporters, editors, photographers, and letter-writing citizens, as well as what I perceive are the political and social views of the time.
Open Access
2D conductive MOF electronic property study
(University of Oregon, 2021) Yang, Min Chieh; Hendon, Christopher
Due to metal organic framework (MOF) high surface area and crystal lattice architecture, electronic conductive MOF has arisen to become a promising candidate for energy store applications. However, as binding nature between metal and organic linker being ionic, electronically conductive MOFs required for energy related application remains unexplored and desirable while most MOFs are insulators. Among conductive MOFs, MX4 type MOF structure provided potential in-plane charge transfer pathway through d-pi interaction between the metal and organic linker with examples such as Ni3(HIB)2 and Cu3(HIB)2 providing conductivity of 800 S/cm and 1300S/cm, respectively. Ni3(HITP)2 (Ni3(2,3,6,7,10,11-hexaiminotriphenylene)2), MX4 type structural MOF, has shown conductivity of 40 S/cm through pi-stacking along the C-direction of its organic linker instead of through the conjugating pathway along the AB-plane. While Ni3(HITP)2 AB-plane shown to possess band gap within the semi-conductor level, , Ni3(HITP)2 derivative NiTAA-MOF (Ni(II) Tetraaza[14]annulene-Linked Metal Organic Framework) was synthesized to explore potential in-plane conduction pathway. Here, with computational technique, we examine the effect of the additional 3-carbon bridge motif towards Ni3(HITP)2 electronic structure. In addition, as NiTAA-MOF composed of unoxidized HITP linker, electronic structural examinations towards n-type doped Ni3(HITP)2 were performed to explore potential improvement of Ni3(HITP)2 charge transfer ability.
Open Access
3D COACHING: SPORTS BIOMECHANICAL ANALYSIS OF COLLEGIATE ATHLETICS (TRACK & FIELD)
(University of Oregon, 2024-01-09) ADENIJI, OLA; Halliwill, John
Athletic (Track & Field) championships have showcased globally the great strength, power, and speed of athletes in a myriad of disciplines. Notably over the last 30 years, steady improvements in championship performances have intrigued the Athletics community—athletes, coaches, spectators—sparking interest to look further into how this caliber of athletes perform and what the training demands are to continue the pace of progress. Coaches, by nature, focus on what is familiar to them until the next ‘phenomenon’ in development and training becomes recognizable. In consequence, sports science research sources are perceived with complexity, and unused or misused by the Athletic community. Efforts led by leading sports scientists have been made in the live capture of world-class competitors during world championships to better understand, discuss, and use science within the current state of Athletics in published biomechanical reports. Although athletes have a critical role in whether achievements are met, coaching efforts are to serve the athlete's needs within the demands of each discipline. Balancing what an athlete can do biomechanically and the mechanism within a discipline is the challenge. Coaches often turn to the experiences that have built their coaching philosophy for guidance on the best approaches. With a focus on the NCAA collegiate championship, this project served as a biomechanical-driven evidence-based collection to better understand championship performance. The results justified achieving season-best sprint times and jump marks for higher seeding purposes. Furthermore, results underscored the high individuality in step characteristics during the development of acceleration and velocity of sprinters and jumpers. NCAA championships feature arguably the best collegiate and world-class competitors in Athletics. When the coaching and scientific views are taken into consideration at this level, an improved attempt at defining and appropriately applying mechanical principles to the technique and skills used can be established. Assessing kinematic parameters captured during these championships provides insight into biomechanical contributions in performances for coaches to evaluate and improve training design that will shape an athlete’s performance. An opportunity is available to add to the sports science narratives on the mechanics of Athletic disciplines using a biomechanics lens to magnify the coaches’ eye.
Open Access
3D GM Study of Effects of Age on Cranial Shape in Large-Bodied Papionins, Using Molar Wear as a Proxy for Age
(University of Oregon, 2020) Quintanilla, Andrea; Simons, Evan; Frost, Stephen; Simons, Evan
Primate cranial shape in relation to age, sex and taxonomy is a growing topic of research, with large-bodied Old World monkeys being among the most studied using geometric morphometrics (GM) and used as models for human cranial shape variation. Ontogenetic changes to skull shape from juveniles to adults are well studied, but those that occur during adulthood are less well known: a twenty-year old is still an adult, but their skull could differ in shape compared to that of a sixty-year old. In this project, we used GM and multivariate analyses to observe changes of cranial shape that occur with post-adult aging. Forty-five 3D landmarks were collected with a Microscribe 3DX digitizer on a sample of 347 wild-collected baboon (Genus Papio) crania, and subjected to generalized Procrustes analysis using the Geomorph package in Rstudio; this superimposes the data and standardizes geometric size, but leaves shape differences. The resulting Procrustes shape coordinates were adjusted for size and sex with multivariate regression analysis to mitigate the effects of allometry and dimorphism. These adjusted coordinates were then regressed against upper third molar wear stage as a proxy for age, using multivariate tests for significance. Principal components analysis was used to summarize the resulting shape space. Results demonstrated that there is a significant effect of molar wear stage on cranial shape, even after accounting for size and sex differences, but it is a subtle effect that accounts for approximately 1% of shape variance. In the future, we will investigate causes of this shape change.
Open Access
44 Minutes: Showcasing Issues in Journalism Through Screenwriting
(University of Oregon, 2014-05) Schauffler, Mia
This thesis is an attempt to discuss contemporary issues in journalism in the form of a screenplay. This script builds upon the classic films that preceded it, but differs by engaging in a dialogue of contemporary issues in journalism. This work focuses on two main issues in journalism: how modem business models affect journalistic content; and the current, widely-debated topic of net neutrality. This thesis attempts to discuss these issues, while using the classic narrative screenplay structure.
Open Access
4th Grade: Improving Writing Skills
(2009) Rasmussen, Cheri
The 4th grade teachers at CRE participated in the 6 + 1 Writing Traits workshop through out last year. Looking at the scores, there was improvement in the Exceeds/Meets category and a drop in the conditional category. However, the Does not Meet increased which shows we still have need of vast improvement. The 6 +1 Writing Traits has an excellent support website and on site trainings I will schedule for in-service. To help support more creative ideas and training I am also researching the Writers’ Workshop Program (Lucy Calkins) which has very innovative, easy to use lessons to help improve the writing skills of our 4th graders at CRE. The Writers’ Workshop Program also provides innovative workshops for our in-services.
Open Access
$500 OBO
(2017) Joe, Moore
Open Access
68th and Rock Creek Station
(University of Oregon, 2018) Heese, Brianna; Ribe, Rob
This studio project was organized around the plans for a new TriMet light rail line to Tigard, Tualatin, and Washington County. Though this Southwest Corridor project is still in the early phases of planning and design, the studio collaborated with TriMet planners and the City of Tigard to visualize the future of a site that is likely to become a major station area. In addition, the site is seen as a critical location for a Park and Ride structure as this point marks where traffic into Portland drastically increases. The merge from Pacific Highway (99W) onto Interstate 5 (I-5) lies one-half mile east of the site, and the intersection of the two sees daily congestion and long waiting traffic. This site provides opportunities beyond transit. Older development near the site has potential to be acquired by the project for use as Park & Ride, LRT station, and for potential development of parking and transportation-related uses. Other adjacent sites can be critical purchases for developers given the benefits of the transit station. The City of Tigard supports plans for these future developments that include sustainable transit-oriented design, and restoration of environmental assets, such as Red Rock Creek, as opposed to box commercial development that maintains an auto-oriented focus. Students were tasked with considering the area surrounding the future station site as well as places that may be developed in later phases. The class divided into groups of various sizes, each focusing on a different approach to the transit-oriented development (TOD) proposed around the new TriMet station. Most teams developed 80- and 40-scale designs to create a cohesive master plan across the site before taking a more individual approach on an area with a smaller extent and more detail. Groups included: • “Stormwater Impacts”, Chrissy Stillman This design focuses on Red Rock Creek as its own entity. Chrissy calculated on and off-site storm water entering the creek, its ephemeral flooding zones, and the impacts of more hardscape in the area. Much of her design strategies for reducing the “flashiness” of the creek occurred east of the study area toward I-5. • “68th and Rock Creek Parking Structure”, Kailee Bell This design focuses on the opportunity of an off-site parking structure west of SW 68th Parkway that could provide rooftop amenities and access to a multimodal path along the bridged rail line leading into the station. This alternative solution frees up space for transit-oriented development in the site south of the station by providing at least half the required parking within a reasonable off-site distance. • “Place over Parking”, Thomas Copper and Nick Sund This design focuses on the maximum integration of parking in a high-density transit-oriented development site adjacent to the light rail station. This team focused on TOD1, the second thing likely to be built by developers after the station. • “Positively Tigard” Adam DeHeer and Yumna Imtiaz This team focused on a design of the station and the transit-oriented development with an approach of impact mitigation and sustainability. This group focused on the station plaza and TOD1 and worked closely with Chrissy Stillman for assessing storm water impact of their design proposal. • “Tigard Terraces”, Brianna Heese, Emma Stone, Bocong Li, and Tori Murphy This team focused on the topography of the site to integrate a medium density transit-oriented development. The team proposed designs for the station plaza, TOD1, Red Rock Creek, and TOD2 to meet the long-term phasing goals of TriMet and Tigard. Students generally found the site challenging in terms of balancing programmatic requirements with creating livable and enjoyable spaces. The student designs offer the best attempts to combine the two goals and do so in many ways. The required amount of parking was a challenge, and most students found that the best way to create a functioning transit-oriented development was either to invest in a parking structure below development or to site the parking across SW 68th Parkway. Additionally, if Tigard and TriMet desire sustainable and ecological designs, many teams suggest partnering with developers now and planning for elements to be incorporated. Finally, Red Rock Creek presents a potential flood problem for nearby development. Teams recommend multiple ways to reduce the flashiness of the creek, such as capturing stormwater on site for any new development.
Open Access
6A School District: A Case Study Correlating Content Standards to Teacher Practice
(University of Oregon, 2015-06) Gleason, Greta
In light of new legislation defining society’s newest standards for math learning, my research aims to observe how teachers are adapting to put these mandates into practice. Through a case study of one high school Algebra 1 teacher, I analyzed how differences in pedagogical practices affected student learning outcomes. In observing the shifts in teacher practices in the facilitation of math discourse and the building of procedural fluency from conceptual understanding, I have found a strong correlation between the change in teaching practices and the shifts from the McDougal & Littell (M&L) and College Preparatory Mathematics (CPM) textbooks. In this study, “Conceptual Understanding” is defined as the ability for a student to “understand why a mathematical ideal is important and the contexts for which it is useful”, and “Procedural Fluency” means that “students understand when to use certain procedures and how to perform them with both flexibility and precision.” (National Research Council, 2001, p. 118) By creating a more encouraging environment where students are unafraid to ask for help, and providing more opportunities for students to justify their reasoning, the changes in Cornelia’s teaching practices are a positive adaption to meet the Common Core State Standards for Mathematics (CCSSM) standards, and highly aligned to the shift in textbooks. As the CPM lesson specifically dictates that students work in groups, there is an explicit emphasis on student communication as members must check-in with each other to verify their solutions. Additionally, CPM provides a higher percentage of problems that do not have solutions to reinforce the idea that students must justify when they can use a procedure. Overall, the shifts between Chapter ten of McDougal & Littell textbook and Chapter eight of College Preparatory Mathematics textbook are moderately aligned to the change in content standards. While CPM presents students with more opportunities to justify their understanding in writing and via peer communication, many improvements to Chapter 8 of the CPM text can be made to fully align the text to the CCSSM standards regarding quadratic equations. These changes include limiting the use of Learning Logs, (notebooks where students explain their conceptual understanding), until students can fully prove a hypothesis, including more sections that begin with contextual problems like Sections 8.2.1 and 8.2.4, and better connecting the 8 Standards of Mathematical Practice (Practices students should use in the math classroom) to each lesson. Because the curriculum shifts are moderately aligned to the changes in content standards, we can conclude that the changes in student standards have made a moderate impact on teacher practices.
Open Access
A 7500-Year Paleolimnological Record of Environmental Change and Salmon Abundance in the Oregon Coast Range
(University of Oregon, 2012) Kusler, Jennifer; Kusler, Jennifer; Gavin, Daniel
Pacific salmon
Open Access
8 on Market | An Eco-conscious Housing Development in Downtown San Diego
(University of Oregon, 2015-06) Motahari, Kiana
The world around us is changing and this time we are the ones to blame. From melting glaciers to disappearing lakes, climate change is no longer a problem our children & children’s children will have the privilege of ignoring. According to the U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA), buildings consume nearly half of all energy and seventy-five percent of all electricity produced in the United States and were responsible for nearly half of U.S. carbon (CO2) emissions in 2010. This places architects, the puppeteers of the built environment, in a very unique position to mitigate the progression of climate change and adapt to its onset. This creative thesis presents a viable example of environmentally sensitive architecture. The vehicle for this exploration takes the form of a mixed-use building in heart of Downtown San Diego. A fundamental goal throughout the design process was the integration of green strategies in a way that not only improved the buildings economic and environmental performance, but also enhanced the aesthetics of the building.
Open Access
A Bacterial Lytic Polysaccharide Monooxygenase GbpA Promotes Epithelial Proliferation in Drosophila melanogaster
(University of Oregon, 2022-10-26) VanBegue, STEPHANIE; Guillemin, Karen
Animals are colonized by a consortium of microbes that sense and respond to their immediate environments. These microbes, collectively called the gut microbiota, promote epithelial proliferation in a diversity of animal hosts. While the effect of this relationship is well established, the mechanism underlying this response is less understood. In this work, we establish a molecular connection between colonization by the microbiota and the resulting increase in gut epithelial proliferation. We show that different homologs of a highly conserved chitin degrading enzyme promote epithelial proliferation in both zebrafish and fruit flies. Probing the mechanism of this conserved relationship in flies, we show that other enzymes that compromise the chitin lining of the gut will also stimulate epithelial proliferation. Finally, we find that proliferation is a result of innate immune sensing of increased concentration of luminal GlcNAc monomers which are the product of chitin-cleaving enzymes. The comparative work presented in this dissertation explores a new way of thinking of host-microbiome relationships that focuses on microbial function over identity or abundance of specific species.