BY NEW MEDIA ACADEMY AUTHOR: DAMIAN RADCLIFFE THE MOST POPULAR ACCOUNTS IN THE MIDDLE EAST MID-YEAR UPDATE: JANUARY TO JUNE 2022 SUMMARY: MOST POPULAR ACCOUNTS BY MARKET For the first time, this report brings together in a single chart the most popular accounts originating in MENA on Facebook, Instagram, YouTube and Twitter. Each of these platforms is explored in more detail in this report, but below we outline the account with the largest number of followers, likes and subscribers, across MENA as well as the region's four biggest markets: Egypt, Saudi Arabia, Turkey and the United Arab Emirates. Featuring news and music channels, content creators, religious figures, politicians and sports stars, this chart shows the breadth of activity seen on different social media channels and the different ways in which users utilize them. Egyptian footballer Mohamed Salah is the only person to be featured twice. The Liverpool player, and captain of the Egyptian national team, has the most popular Instagram and Twitter account stemming from Egypt. Image via New Media Academy. ©2022 THE MOST POPULAR SOCIAL MEDIA ACCOUNTS IN THE MIDDLE EAST JANUARY - JUNE 2022 2 TOP ACCOUNT BY COUNTRY OF ORIGIN/ACCOUNT BASED MENA EGYPT SAUDI ARABIA TURKEY UAE FACEBOOK Supercar Blondie Mustafa Hosny Mohamed Al-arifi Galatasaray SK Supercar Blondie Celebrity/Automobiles Preacher Scholar Football Club Celebrity/Automobiles 48.2M 35M 22.9M 12.1M 48.2M INSTAGRAM Gal Gadot Mohamed Salah Ahmad AlShugairi Nusret Gökçe Ahlam Alshamsi Actress Footballer TV Presenter and Activist Celebrity Chef & Restraunter Singer 83.4M 51.7M 15.2M 46.8M 14M YOUTUBE AboFlah Mohamed Ramadan Mohammed Moshaya Al-Ghamd netd müzik Narins Beauty Kuwait Actor and Singer YouTuber/Content Creator Digital Music Channel YouTuber/Content Creator 25.9M 14M 21.9M 22.6M 13.3M TWITTER Al Arabiya Breaking Mohamed Salah Aid al-Qarni Recep Tayyip Erdoğan Al Arabiya Breaking News Channel Footballer Preacher Politician News 21.8M 16.9M 20.5M 19.1M 21.8M Table: MENA’s Top Accounts by Country of Origin/Account Based, Data via Emplifi. ©2022 THE MOST POPULAR SOCIAL MEDIA ACCOUNTS IN THE MIDDLE EAST JANUARY - JUNE 2022 3 SUMMARY: MOST FOLLOWED AND LIKED ACCOUNTS Looking in more detail at each of the four platforms covered in this report, below we have outlined - in one handy chart - the top five accounts originating in MENA on Facebook, Instagram, YouTube and Twitter. Using likes, followers and subscribers, further demonstrates the diversity of each social media platform, with none of the twenty-five accounts here appearing more than once. Although content creators, brands and public figures are active on multiple social channels, they each tend to have a platform that their users are more likely to gravitate towards. This usage is typically shaped by the characteristics and functionality of each social network, and reinforces the notion that - when it comes to your digital strategy and footprint - there is no cookie-cutter model. One size does not fit all. ©2022 THE MOST POPULAR SOCIAL MEDIA ACCOUNTS IN THE MIDDLE EAST JANUARY - JUNE 2022 4 MENA'S MOST FOLLOWERS/SUBSCRIBERS RANK FACEBOOK INSTAGRAM YOUTUBE TWITTER Supercar Blondie Gal Gadot AboFlah Al Arabiya #1 UAE Israel Kuwait UAE 48.2M 83.4M 25.9M 21.8M Mustafa Hosny Jacqueline Fernandez netd müzik Aid al-Qarni #2 Egypt Bahrain Turkey Saudi Arabia 35M 57.5M 22.6M 20.5M Amr Khaled Mohamed Salah Mohammed Moshaya Al-Ghamd Mohamad Alarefe #3 Egypt Egypt Saudi Arabia Saudi Arabia 31.2M 51.7M 21.9M 19.5M Nancy Ajram Huda Kattan TRT Originals Urdu Recep Tayyip Erdoğan #4 Lebanon Iraq Turkey Turkey 30.5M 50.7M 18.5M 19.1M Jerusalem Prayer Team Nusret Gökçe (Salt Bae) Al-Remas Al Jazeera Arabic #5 Israel Turkey Iraq Qatar 30.4M 46.8M 16.8M 19M Table: MENA’s MENA's Most Followers/Subscribers, Data via Emplifi. ©2022 THE MOST POPULAR SOCIAL MEDIA ACCOUNTS IN THE MIDDLE EAST JANUARY - JUNE 2022 5 MID-YEAR UPDATE | FACEBOOK TOP FIVE MOST LIKED FACEBOOK PAGES MOST FANS GROWTH SINCE CHANGE IN POSITION NAME, RANKING AND COUNTRY FOLLOWERS END OF 2021 SINCE END OF 2021 As in 2021, the most followed Facebook account in the region remains Supercar Supercar Blondie Blondie. With more than 48 million followers on Facebook #1 @SupercarBlondie 48.2M +3.9M NO CHANGE alone, fans watch 500 million minutes of content focused UAE on “the coolest cars, tech and gadgets in the world,” on the platform each month. Mustafa Hosny #2 @MustafaHosny 35M NO CHANGE NO CHANGE Egypt Since launching the site in 2017, Australian-born Alex Hirschi has emerged in the past five years to become arguably the Amr Khaled world’s biggest female car and automotive influencer. #3 @AmrKhaled 31.2M +0.1M NO CHANGE Egypt “Our mission is to entertain, as Nancy Ajram well as encourage a generation #4 @NancyAjram 30.5M NO CHANGE UP FROM #5 of women to lead in traditionally Lebanon male-dominated industries,” their website notes. “We always Jerusalem Prayer Team want to inspire a reaction of #5 @JerusalemPrayerTeam 30.4M -0.3M DOWN FROM #4 “How cool is that!”.” Israel Table: MENA’s Top Five Liked Followed Facebooks Pages, Data via Emplifi. Image: Supercar Blondie via Facebook. ©2022 THE MOST POPULAR SOCIAL MEDIA ACCOUNTS IN THE MIDDLE EAST JANUARY - JUNE 2022 6 MID-YEAR UPDATE | FACEBOOK Interestingly, the top five Facebook accounts - in terms of page likes - in the region are the same at the end of June 2022 as they were at the end of 2021. MOST INTERACTIONS The top three accounts remain Supercar Blondie and the official pages for the Islamic preacher Mustafa Hosny (35 million followers) and the televangelist Amr In contrast to the most liked Facebook pages in MENA, the first Khaled (31.2 million). Meanwhile, the Lebanese singer Nancy Ajram moves up one six months of 2022 saw a lot of change in terms of accounts with place (to fourth, with 30.5m fans), swapping places with the Jerusalem Prayer the most engagement. Three of the top five accounts on this list in 2021 (Mustafa Team (30.4m fans), which slips to fifth place. Hosny, Egyptian newspaper Youm7 and Supercar Blondie) were replaced by new entrants. Leading the way is the page for Magicano which shares extensive content related to the Egyptian based football team Al Ahly Sporting Club. It’s primary Facebook account has just under four million followers. In the first half of 2022 Magicano enjoyed more interactions (172.6 million) on Facebook than it did in the whole of 2021, where the page didn’t even feature in Egypt’s Image: Screenshot showing Supercar Blondie's Facebook page. top five, nevermind the regional charts. Image: Magicano, August 2022, via Facebook. ©2022 THE MOST POPULAR SOCIAL MEDIA ACCOUNTS IN THE MIDDLE EAST JANUARY - JUNE 2022 7 MID-YEAR UPDATE | FACEBOOK TOP PERFORMING PAGES ON FACEBOOK Also breaking through in the first two quarters of 2022 were CHANGE IN POSITION NAME, RANKING AND COUNTRY INTERACTIONS Al Jazeera Egypt (79.8 million interactions) and Al Sharqiya SINCE END OF 2021 (74.5 million), an Iraqi TV news channel. Magicano #1 @MagicanoMedia 172.6M NEW ENTRY Palestine Screen Mix #2 @ScreenMixx 151.1M NO CHANGE Egypt Rudaw Image: AJA Egypt via Facebook. #3 @RudawEnglish 117.7M UP FROM #4 Iraq The dominance of pages based in Egypt and Iraq (with the Kurdistan based news site, Rudaw, sitting at number three) Al Jazeera Egypt reflects the popularity of Facebook in those markets. As of #4 @AJA.Egypt 79.8M NEW ENTRY April 2022, more than 45.6 million Egyptians use Facebook, Egypt akin to 61.8% of the population aged 13+. In Iraq, 19.25 million use Facebook, just over two-thirds (68.2%) of those aged AlSharqiya thirteen and above. Globally, Facebook had 2.93 billion #5 @sharqiyatv 74.5M NEW ENTRY monthly active users at the end of Q2 2022. Iraq Since the end of 2021, Mustafa Hosny (No. 1), Youm7 (No. 3) Table: MENA’s Top Performing Facebooks Pages, Data via Emplifi. and Supercar Blondie (No. 5) all dropped from the top five. ©2022 THE MOST POPULAR SOCIAL MEDIA ACCOUNTS IN THE MIDDLE EAST JANUARY - JUNE 2022 8 MID-YEAR UPDATE | INSTAGRAM TOP FIVE MOST FOLLOWED INSTAGRAM ACCOUNTS MOST FANS CHANGE IN POSITION NAME, RANKING AND COUNTRY FOLLOWERS SINCE END OF 2021 Israeli actress and model Gal Gadot remains MENA’s most followed Instagram account. By Gal Gadot the end of 2021, the Wonder Woman star had nearly 71 million #1 @gal_gadot 83.4M NO CHANGE followers. That’s since grown to more than 83 million in the first six Israel months of 2022. Jacqueline Fernandez #2 @jacquelinef143 62.6M Gadot has 25.8 million followers than the second most followed NO CHANGE Bahrain account originating in the region, which belongs to the Bahraini-Sri Lankan actress Jacqueline Fernandez (57.5 million followers) Mohamed Salah #3 @mosalah 51.7M UP FROM #4 Egypt There are no new entrants in this list, although the make-up artist and blogger Huda Kattan (50.7 million) is now ranked fourth Huda Kattan having been overtaken by Mohamed Salah 51.7 million followers). #4 @hudabeauty 50.7M The Liverpool star and captain of Egypt’s national team added DOWN FROM #3 Iraq nearly five million new followers in H1 2022. Nusret Gökçe (Salt Bae) #5 @nusr_et 46.8M Nusret Gökçe, aka Salt Bae, the Turkish chef and restaurateur wraps NO CHANGE Turkey up our top five with 46.8 million followers. Table: MENA’s Top Five Most Followed Instagram Accounts, Data via Emplifi. ©2022 THE MOST POPULAR SOCIAL MEDIA ACCOUNTS IN THE MIDDLE EAST JANUARY - JUNE 2022 9 MID-YEAR UPDATE | INSTAGRAM MOST INTERACTIONS As we saw in our 2021 end-of -year report, the profiles with the most interactions on Instagram are distinctive from our list of the most followed accounts. This lack of overlap highlights how there is not necessarily a relationship between the number of followers a user and the engagement an account has. One again, Manoto TV’s Instagram page - with 805.4 million interactions in H1 - has enjoyed considerably more engagement than the next account on our list. That’s partly due to the popularity of Instagram in Iran, as well as the volume of posts they make on the platform. The Iranian sports news website Vazesh 3 also had a strong six months, rising to fourth place (194.1 million interactions). Turkish football team Fenerbahçe Spor Kulübü remains in second place (238.3 million interactions) with another Turkish team, Galatasaray, hot on their heels (232 million interactions). Image: Screenshot of Manoto TV’s Instagram, May 2022. ©2022 THE MOST POPULAR SOCIAL MEDIA ACCOUNTS IN THE MIDDLE EAST JANUARY - JUNE 2022 10 MID-YEAR UPDATE | INSTAGRAM TOP PERFORMING ACCOUNTS ON INSTAGRAM Algerian Ennahar TV makes its first appearance on this list, CHANGE IN POSITION NAME, RANKING AND COUNTRY INTERACTIONS coming in at number five. Although they have fewer than six SINCE END OF 2021 million followers, they enjoyed 162.6 million interactions on Manoto Instagram in the first half of the year. #1 @manotoofficial 805.4M NO CHANGE Iran Fenerbahçe #2 @fenerbahce 238.3M NO CHANGE Turkey Galatasaray #3 @galatasaray 232M NEW ENTRY Turkey Varzesh3 #4 @varzesh3 194.1M UP FROM #5 Iran Image: Screenshot of Ennahar TV's Instagram, May 2022. Ennahar TV #5 @ennahar.tv 162.2M NEW ENTRY Since the end of 2021, Çağrı Taner (232 million interactions) Algeria and Beşiktaş JK (194.1million interactions) both dropped from the top five. Table: MENA’s Top Performing Instagram Accounts, Data via Emplifi. ©2022 THE MOST POPULAR SOCIAL MEDIA ACCOUNTS IN THE MIDDLE EAST JANUARY - JUNE 2022 11 MID-YEAR UPDATE | YOUTUBE TOP FIVE MOST FOLLOWED YOUTUBE CHANNELS MOST FANS CHANGE IN POSITION NAME, RANKING AND COUNTRY FOLLOWERS SINCE END OF 2021 Of the social networks covered in this report YouTube has seen the most change since the AboFlah end of 2021. Four of the top five most followed accounts in the #1 AboFlah 25.9M NEW ENTRY region during H1 2022 are new entries, with only Mohammed Kuwait Moshaya Al-Ghamd (aka mmoshaya) remaining on the list (where he drops from number one to number three). netd müzik #2 netd müzik 22.6M NEW ENTRY Turkey The changing of the YouTube guard is led by AboFlah, with 25.9 million followers. The Somali YouTuber (real name Hassan Mohammed Moshaya Suleiman), attracted considerable attention earlier in the year #3 mmoshaya 21.9M DOWN FROM #1 when he raised $11 million for the campaign supporting displaced Saudi Arabia FOLLOWERS INCREASED FROM 21.2M people in the region. His record breaking fundraising efforts included the “Longest live-stream (video)”, which ran for 268 TRT Originals Urdu hours 14 mins 20 seconds and “Most viewers for a charity #4 TRT Originals Urdu 18.5M NEW ENTRY donation live stream on YouTube.” Turkey Al-Remas #5 Al-Remas - ساميرـلا 16.8M NEW ENTRY Iraq Table: MENA’s Top Five Most Followed YouTube Channels, Data via Emplifi. ©2022 THE MOST POPULAR SOCIAL MEDIA ACCOUNTS IN THE MIDDLE EAST JANUARY - JUNE 2022 12 MID-YEAR UPDATE | YOUTUBE MOST VIDEO VIEWS Turkey also dominated our list of the YouTube channels with the most views in H1 2022. Among MENA originated services, netd müzik (822.2 million views), Trendyol (737 million views) and Kuruluş Osman (468.8 million views) are ranked first, third and fourth respectively. None of these channels featured in our end of 2021 round-up. Image: AboFlah, via European Gaming, January 2022. Other popular YouTube accounts which surged in popularity this year included the channel for netd müzik part of the wider video on demand provision provided by the Turkey-based Netd.com (22.6 million followers), TRT Originals Urdu (18.5 Image via YouTube. million followers)which features dubbed episodes of the Turkish historical drama Payitaht Sultan Abdulhamid (“The Last Emperor”) and the Iraq based Arabic- That said, as our 2021 report discussed, we’ve already seen the growing language music channel Al-Remas (16.8 million followers). popularity of music on YouTube, manifest here by netd müzik taking the top spot for engagement. Kuruluş Osman is another Turkish historical drama, a genre which enjoys huge global reach. The Guardian explained back in 2019 how Since the end of 2021, Enes Batur (15.5 million followers), Anasala (13.4 million “thanks to international sales and global viewership, Turkey is second only to the followers), Saad Lamjarred (13.3 million followers) and MBC (11.2 million followers) US in worldwide TV distribution – finding huge audiences in Russia, China, Korea all dropped from the top five. and Latin America.” ©2022 THE MOST POPULAR SOCIAL MEDIA ACCOUNTS IN THE MIDDLE EAST JANUARY - JUNE 2022 13 MID-YEAR UPDATE | YOUTUBE TOP PERFORMING CHANNELS ON YOUTUBE Nas Daily, who enjoyed nearly 2 billion views on YouTube last CHANGE IN POSITION NAME, RANKING AND COUNTRY INTERACTIONS year, remains popular dropping one place to the number two SINCE END OF 2021 spot, with 766 million views in the first half of 2022. netd müzik 822.2M #1 netd müzik NEW ENTRY VIEWS Perhaps the most striking entry in this list is for the Turkish Turkey e-commerce platform Trendyol. Serving markets throughout Nas Daily Europe, the channel (737 million views in H1) features 766M commercials, make-up and outfit suggestions, as well as other #2 Nas Daily VIEWS DOWN FROM #1 content featuring people from Turkey’s fashion scene. Its Israel popularity is just one indication of the increasingly important role social media plays in e-commerce. Trendyol 737M #3 Trendyol NEW ENTRY VIEWS Turkey Since the end of 2021, Mmoshaya (723.5m views), Anasala I (702.2m views), Atv (618.7m views) and ON (528.3m views) all Kuruluş Osman 468.8M dropped from the top five. #4 Kuruluş Osman NEW ENTRY VIEWS Turkey Supercar Blondie 459M #5 Supercar Blondie NEW ENTRY VIEWS UAE Table: MENA’s Top Performing YouTube Channels, Data via Emplifi. ©2022 THE MOST POPULAR SOCIAL MEDIA ACCOUNTS IN THE MIDDLE EAST JANUARY - JUNE 2022 14 MID-YEAR UPDATE | TWITTER TOP FIVE MOST FOLLOWED TWITTER ACCOUNTS MOST FANS CHANGE IN POSITION NAME, RANKING AND COUNTRY FOLLOWERS SINCE END OF 2021 The breaking news account for Al Arabiya, the Dubai based Arabic TV news channel, Al Arabiya continues to be MENA’s most followed account on Twitter with #1 @AlArabiya_Brk 21.8M NO CHANGE nearly 22 million followers. UAE FOLLOWERS INCREASED FROM 21.1M Another news channel account, Aid al-Qarni Al Jazeera Arabic is ranked fifth, down one spot from the #2 @Dr_alqarnee 20.5 M NEW ENTRY end of 2021 even though it’s Saudi Arabia follower count has grown by Mohamad Alarefe 1.5 million in that time. #3 @MohamadAlarefe 19.5M DOWN FROM #2 Saudi Arabia FOLLOWERS DECREASED BY 0.1M In second and third place are Recep Tayyip Erdoğan the Saudi based preacher Dr. Aid al-Qarni and the Muslim #4 @RTErdogan 19.1M DOWN FROM #3 scholar Mohamad al-Arefe. Turkey FOLLOWERS INCREASED FROM 18.3M Both have around 20 million Al Jazeera Arabic followers on Twitter and are also active on multiple other #5 @AJArabic 19M DOWN FROM #4 social media platforms. Qatar FOLLOWERS INCREASED FROM 17.5M Image via Twitter. Table: MENA’s Top Five Most Followed Twitter Accounts, Data via Emplifi. ©2022 THE MOST POPULAR SOCIAL MEDIA ACCOUNTS IN THE MIDDLE EAST JANUARY - JUNE 2022 15 MID-YEAR UPDATE | TWITTER Recep Erdoğan, the President of Turkey, comes in at number four - down one spot from 2021 - despite growing his followers by a further 1.2 million. With 19.1 million followers, President Erdoğan’s Twitter base is some way ahead of his nearest compatriot, Cem Yılmaz (15.7 million followers) the Turkish actor, stand- up comedian, musician, filmmaker, screenwriter, and cartoonist. Image: Screenshot showing Recep Erdoğan's Twitter profile. ©2022 THE MOST POPULAR SOCIAL MEDIA ACCOUNTS IN THE MIDDLE EAST JANUARY - JUNE 2022 16 METHODOLOGY This new report explores the most followed, and interacted with, social media Emplifi monitors more than +15 million social media accounts, making it the largest accounts in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA). It builds on data presented for social media dataset of its kind. Harnessing this data, Emplifi works with more than the first time in the New Media Academy’s 2021 report on social media developments 7,800 clients across 100 countries around the world, helping marketers and brands in the Middle East. gain valuable and actionable knowledge about their industry. As with that study, we worked in partnership with Emplifi to identify and share the These principles shape this interim report. Featuring previously unpublished data, this biggest – and most engaged – social media pages and profiles in the MENA region in white paper provides a unique snapshot of insights into the most followed accounts the first half (H1) of 2022 (January - June). on Facebook, Instagram, YouTube and Twitter, across MENA. We also dive into the pages and profiles on Facebook, Instagram and YouTube which enjoyed the most engagement during the first half of the year, and some of the reasons for these trends. ©2022 THE MOST POPULAR SOCIAL MEDIA ACCOUNTS IN THE MIDDLE EAST JANUARY - JUNE 2022 17 ABOUT NEW MEDIA ACADEMY New Media Academy (Arabic, English) was launched in 2020 by His Highness Sheikh Mohammed bin Rashid Al Maktoum, Vice President and Prime Minister of the UAE and Ruler of Dubai, to train Emirati and Arab youth to lead the rapidly growing field of digital media. To improve their career prospects and enable them to lead as digital citizens in the new economy, the institution provides a range of interactive online programs that are delivered by top digital practitioners and academics from around the world. Additionally, the academy collaborates with an elite group of influencers in the Arab world and helps institutions and businesses to create digital strategies and creative digital content. New Media Academy’s goals are in line with the four basic requirements in the UAE and the region: talent development, capacity building, preparation for the future and open learning. This reflects the key role the institution plays to ensure a promising future for the country and the region. ©2022 THE MOST POPULAR SOCIAL MEDIA ACCOUNTS IN THE MIDDLE EAST JANUARY - JUNE 2022 18 Damian Radcliffe is the Carolyn S. Chambers Professor in Journalism, a Professor of Practice, an affiliate of the Department for Middle East and North Africa Studies (MENA) and the Agora Journalism Center, and a Research Associate of the Center for Science Communication Research (SCR) at the University of Oregon. He is also a three-time Knight News Innovation Fellow of the Tow Center for Digital Journalism at Columbia University, an Honorary Research Fellow at Cardiff University’s School of Journalism, Media and Culture Studies (JOMEC), and a life fellow of the Royal Society for the Encouragement of Arts, Manufactures and Commerce (RSA). An experienced Digital Analyst, Journalist and Researcher, Damian writes about digital trends, social media, technology, the business of media, and the craft of journalism. He tweets @damianradcliffe. REPORT AUTHOR & DESIGNER Damian Radcliffe is the Carolyn S. Chambers Professor Terra Johnston is a digital storyteller and mixed-media artist in Journalism, a Professor of Practice, an affiliate of the based in the Seattle, Washington area. Department for Middle East and North Africa Studies (MENA) and the Agora Journalism Center, and a Research Associate of the Center for Science Communication Research (SCR) at Working with a wide variety of clients she utilizes both her the University of Oregon. marketing and design background in areas such as brand development, social media content creation, web, and graphic design, media relations, and copywriting. He is also a three-time Knight News Innovation Fellow of the DAMIAN RADCLIFFE Tow Center for Digital Journalism at Columbia University, an TERRA JOHNSTON AUTHOR DESIGNER Honorary Research Fellow at Cardiff University’s School of She also does custom portrait and cartographic commissions Journalism, Media and Culture Studies (JOMEC), and a life and is currently designing the art for a children's book. fellow of the Royal Society for the Encouragement of Arts, Manufactures and Commerce (RSA). An experienced Digital Analyst, Journalist and Researcher, Damian writes about digital trends, social media, technology, the business of media, and the craft of journalism. He tweets @damianradcliffe. ©2022 THE MOST POPULAR SOCIAL MEDIA ACCOUNTS IN THE MIDDLE EAST JANUARY - JUNE 2022 19 MID-YEAR UPDATE | REFERENCES AND DISCLOSURE REFERENCES All of the sources used for the creation of this report are hyperlinked throughout. DISCLOSURE Damian Radcliffe is owner/director of Kenja Consulting, LLC (UK) and Kenja Media Consulting (US). The work Professor Radcliffe does for the University of Oregon and for Kenja Consulting are related or overlap in that Professor Radcliffe undertakes research journalism, training, public speaking and consulting in areas which are, or may appear, related to Professor Radcliffe’s University of Oregon (UO) duties. Thus, this study could affect Damian Radcliffe’s personal financial status. This does not imply or suggest University of Oregon involvement, responsibility, endorsement, approval, or promotion of any commercial product, service, or outside activity. Any opinions or viewpoints expressed are not official positions of the University of Oregon or endorsed or approved by the University of Oregon. Professor Radcliffe’s outside work activity was reviewed and approved by the University of Oregon in accordance with its conflict of interest and commitment. ©2022 THE MOST POPULAR SOCIAL MEDIA ACCOUNTS IN THE MIDDLE EAST JANUARY - JUNE 2022 20