Correspondence .. Study 1935-36 .~ .. ~~,~ ~~.". -!;-'-;I:; ,•• GENERAL EXTENSION DIVISION OREGON STATE SYSTEM OF HIGHER EDUCATION OREGON STATE SYSTEM OF HIGHER EDUCATION CORRESPONDENCE. STUDY Announcements for 1935-36 GENERAL EXTENSION DIVISION Oregon State System of Higher Education Eugene, Oregon STATE BOARD OF HIGHER EDUCATION Tenn Expire. LJiIF S. FINSltTH, Dallas .1936 B. F. IRVINJi, Portland .1937 WILLARD L. MARKS, Albany .1938 HJiRMAN OLIVltR, John Day .1939 E. C. PEASJi, The Dalles 1940 F. E. CALLISTJiR, Albany .1941 BJiATRICJi WALTON SACKJiTT, Salem .1942 C. A. BRAND, Roseburg .1943 E. C. SAMMONS, Portland 1944 OFFICERS WILLARD L. MARKS President EDWARD C. PliAsli Vice-President B. F. IRVINIi Treasurer EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE WILLARD L. MARKS EDWARD C. PliASIi . E. C. SAMMONS CHARLliS D. BVRNIi, Secretary TABLE OF CON'l'ENTS F"culty _ _ _ _ . General Infonnation _ _ _ _ Advantages _ . Eligibility _ _ _ .. General Rules . E)x;penses _ _ _ _ .... ....•.......- •.-.....•.•......_ _..~•......._ -_ _ . ExaminatiollS _ __..~ _.&O _ _ _ .. Credit _ _ _ . Institutional Admission Requirements .. First-Year Standing _ _ .. Advanced Standing _ . Special Students . Grad~te Standing _ _ _ _ - - " .. Requirements for Degrees and Certificate . Academic Procedure _ _ _ _ . Definitions . Regulations and Requirements _ _ _ _ _ _ . Courses Meeting Requirements . University. of Oregon _ _ _ _ .. Oregon State College . Pre-MediceJ Work . State Nonnal Schools _ _ _ _ . Correspondence Courses for Teachers _ . College Correspondence Courses . Architecture and Allied Arts _ _ _._ . Astronomy . Bird Study , - _ _ - Botany . Business Administration _ _ _ _ . Economics __ _ _ _.ea . Education _ _ __ _ . English Literature . Written English _ . Literature· : _ _ . Geography _ .. Geology _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Health Education _ . History _ _ _ _ _ . Home Economics : _ . Journalism _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _. Latin _ _ _ . Mathematics . Modern L"ngu"ges _ _ _ _ _ ..• French . Gennan _ _ _ _ _ _ . Spanish . Physics _ _ _ : _ _ _ _ . Physiology ~ _ Political Science _ ,.._.., _ ,.._...•_ _ . Psychology . Sociology _ _ _ _ _ .. Entrance Courses _ . Accounting _ _ _ . English _ . History . Latin _ _ _ _ _ _ Mathematics : _ . Physics _ _ ; _ __ _ _ . Extension and Correspondence Services _ .. Correspondence-Study Groups .. Extension Classes _ _ _ ......•._ _ Study Courses for Clubs .. Home Reading Courses _ .. Teachers' Reading Circle .. Publications : . Application Blank _ _ _ _ _ _ __ 6 7 7 8 8 9 11 11 12 12 13 14 14 14 16 16 16 17 18 19 20 20 21 21 21 23 23 23 24 26 27 30 30 34 38 39 40 4-0 42 46 46 46 48 48 49 60 61 61 62 62 63 64 64 66 68 69 69 60 61 61 61 62 62 62 63 64 GENERAL EXTENSION DIVISION OREGON STATE SYSTEM OF HIGHER EDUCATION The General Extension Division of the Oregon State System of Higher Education is that agency of the University of Oregon, Oregon State College and the three Oregon Normal Schools which serves the peo­ ple of the state with formal instruction in extension classes, correspon­ dence study and adult education, and through visual instruction, municipal service, radio, and social welfare. Its work is organized into the following departments: At Eugene-Correspondence Study, Social Welfare, State­ Wide Extension Classes, Municipal Service. At Corvallis-Visual In­ struction, Radio. At Portland-Portland Extension Center. Through the General Extension Division the curricula, personnal, and facilities of aU the state institutions of higher education are made available in some degree to every citizen, group and community in Oregon. The activities of the General Extension Division are carried on in close coopera­ tion with those of the Federal Cooperative Extension Service and all other organized agencies in the state. Correspondence..Study Oregon State System of Higher Education Faculty WILLIAM ,JASPER KERR, D.Sc., LL.D., Chancellor. ALFRED POWERS. A.B.. Director of General Extension and Summer Sessions. DAN ELBE;RT CLARK, Ph.D., Assistant Director of General ExteIlBion and Summer Sessions: Professor of History. MOZELLE HAIR, B.A., Head of Correspondence-Study, General ExtellBion Division: Assistant Professor of Sociology. WILLIAM GILBERT BEATTIE, B.A., Head of Department of Social Welfare, General Extension Division; Associate Professor of Education. PERCY P. ADAMS, A.B., B.S., Assistant Dean of the School of Architecture and Allied Arts: Professor of Graphics, University. ALTON LoVELL ALDERMAN, Ph.D., Instructor in Zoology, University. NELSON LOUIS BOSSING, Ph.D., Professor of Education, University. RAY PRESTON BOWEN, Ph.D., Prof""sor of Romance Languages; Head of Department, University. WILLIAM PINGRY BOYNTON, Ph.D., Professor of Physics, State College. VERA HASKELL BRANDON, M.S., Instructor in Household Administration, State College. MILDRED CHAMBERLAIN, Ph.B., Associate Professor of Clothing, Textiles, and Related Arts; . Acting Head of Department, State College. RoBERT CARLTON CLARK, Ph.D., Professor of History; Head of Department, University. EDGAR E. DECOU, M.S., Professor of Mathematics, University. ALICE HE.NSON ERNST, M.A., Assistant Professor of English, University. ALMA CATHERINE FRITCHOFF, M.A., Professor of Clothing, Textiles, and Related Arts: Head of Department, State College. JAMES HENRY GILBoEIlT, Ph.D., Dean of .the College of Social Science; Professor of Economics; Head of the Department, University. CHARLES GERARD HOWARD, J.D., Professor of Law, University. HERBERT CROMBIE HowE, B.L., A.B., Professor of English, University. RALPH RUSKIN HUESTIS, Ph.D., Prof"ssor of Zoology, University. JAMES RALPH JEWELL, Ph.D., LL.D., Dean and Director of Education: Professor of Edu- cation, University. FLORENCE JONES, M.A., Instructor in E,nglish, University. C.LYLE KELLY, M.A., C.P.A., Professor of Business Administration, University. MAUDE ISOBJ>L KERNS, B.A., B.S., Assistant Professor of Normal Art, University. AGNES KOLSHORN, M.A., Assistant Professor of Foods and Nutrition, State College. EDMUND PHILIP KREMER, J.U.D., Associate Professor of Germanic Languages and Litera- ture, University. EDNA LANDROS, A.M., Assistant Professor of Latin, University. ROBERT RAY MARTIN, M.A., Instructor in Sociology, University. JOHN CLEMENT MOCLOSKEY, M.A., Instructor in English, University. AVA BERTHA MILA", M.A., Dean and Director of Home Economics, State College, VIOTOR P. MORRIS, Ph_D., Professor of Economics, University. HAROLD JOYCE NOBLE, Ph.D., Assistant Professor of History, University. PHILIP AROHIBALD PARSONS, LL.D., Ph.D., Professor of Sociology; Head of Department. University. MARY HALLOWELL PERKINS, M.A., Professor of English, University. SARA WATT PRENTISS, M.A., Professor of Child Development and Parent Education, State College. ETHEL IDA SANBORN, Ph.D., Associat" Professor of Botany, State College. FRIEDRICH GEORG G. SCHMIDT, Ph.D., Professor of Germanic Languages and Literature; Head of Department, University. DOROTHY SCHREINER, M.S., Assistant in Hom" Economics Research, State College. WALDO SCHUMACHER, Ph.D., Professor of Political Science, University. LAWRENCE; KENNETH SHUMAKER, M.A., Supervisor of English Bureau, University. SAMUEL STEPHENSON SMITH, B.A., B.Litt. (Oxon.), Associate Professor of English, Uni- versity.. ' WARREN DUPRE SMITH, Ph.D., Professor of Geography; Head of Department, University. ARTHUR BENJAMIN STILLMAN, A.B., Assistant Professor of ausiness Administration, Uni­ versity. ALBERT RADDIN SWEETSER, Sc.D., Professor Emeritus of Plant Biology, University. WILLIAM FRANKLIN GoODWIN THACHER, M.A., Professor of Business Administration; Pro­ fessor of English, University. ANNA McFEELY THOMPSON, M.A., Assistant Professor of Romance Languages, University [ 5 ] 6 OREGON HIGHER EDUCATION ELNORA E. THOMSON, R.N., Professor of Nursing; Director of Department of Nursing Education, Medical School. GEORGE STANLBY TuRNSULL, M.A., Professor of Journalism, University. ERNEST WILLIAM: WARRINGTON, M.A., Professor of Religion; Professor of Education, State College and UrJiversity. JPlSSAMINE CHAPMAN WILLIAMS, M.A., Professor of Foods and Nutrition; Head of Depart­ ment, State College. LEAVITT OWS WRIGHT, Ph.D., Professor of Romance Languages, University. INSTRUCTORS IN CORRESPONDENCE·STUDY ELSl1!I BROOKS BELKNAP, B.A., Instruotor In French, University. CLIFFORD HENRY BULLOCK, B.S., Instructor in Economics, University. LOUISE CLARK, B.A., Instructol' in History, University. LULU GEIL, R.N., Instructor in Health Education, University. ALICE R. HESLER, M.A., Instructor in Psychology, University, HENRIRTTA MORRIS, Sc.D., Director of H"alth Education, Oregon Tuberculosis Association, Portland, Instructor in Health Education. LULU MOURSUND, M.A., Instructor in Mathematics, University. LOURENE TAYLOR OLSON, B.A., Instructor in Botany, University. J. HUGH PRUETT, B.A., Instructor in Physics and Astronomy, University. EDWARD G. QUIGLEY, B.A., Instructor in Education, University. LLOYD L. RUFF, B.S.. Instructor in Geology, University. MRS. LEAVITT O. WRIGHT, Instructor in Spanish, University. General Information The Oregon State System of Higher Education makes available a wide range of instruction for those who are unable to attend classes on the campus of anyone of its institutions, and drawing on its educational facilities, also offers to send instruction courses in a wide variety of subjects into any home in the state. Correspondence-study is carefully organized instruction by means of lesson outlines, prepared by members of the faculties of the institutions, These take the place of lectures and class exercises given to students in residence, Using these lesson outlines as guides, the student studies the text books and reference materials in each particular course, prepares papers and makes reports. These are mailed to the General Extension Division at Eugene for correction and comment by instructors. The courses are designed to meet the requirements of the following groups: (1) Persons not in residence at anyone of the institutions in the Oregon State System of Higher Education who desire to take courses entitling them to credits toward an academic degree. (2) Persons who desire to take courses necessary to satisfy entrance require­ ments of higher educational institutions. (3) Persons who for any reason desire to pursue studies under competent supervision, without reference to academic credit or entrance requirements. ADVANTAGES OF CORRESPONDENCE·STUDY Correspondence-study is in no sense recommended as a substitute for resident study at an educational institution. Nevertheless, instruction by correspondence has many decided advantages for those who, for the time being at least, cannot avail themselves of the opportunities offered by actual presence on a campus. Some of these advantages may be enumerated as follows: 1. Work may be done at any time. 2. Studying may be done at a time and under conditions of the student's own choosing. 3. Studying may be done in leisure hours, without in any way interfering with the breadwinning activities of the student. 4. The student is encouraged to do original thinking in the preparation of his lesson reports. Because he does his work alone, for the most part, there is not the temptation to be guided in his thinking by his classmates. This method of study thus develops the student's resourcefulness and independence. 5. Progress toward the completion of courses may be practically as rapid as the ability and application of the student will permit. Thus the student who grasps ideas quickly is not held back by less brilliant classmates, while, on the other hand, the slower and more methodical student is enabled to choose his own rate of study. 6. Credits earned in correspondence-study may be counted toward a college or university degree or toward a normal diploma. 7. Correspondence-study is inexpensive, both I;>ecause the fees are small and because the work can be done at home. [7 ] 8 OREGON HIGHER EDUCATION CORRESPONDENCE-STUDY 9 ELIGIBILITY TO CORRESPONDENCE-STUDY Residents of the State. The correspondence courses offered by the General Extension Division are intended primarily for residents of the state. Exceptions are sometimes made in the case of students who are bona fide residents of Oregon but who are out of the state temporarily. Special fees are required of non-resident students. Correspondence courses and work in residence may not be carried at the same time. No student is permitted to carry correspondence work while in actual at­ tendance at any college or high school, except by special permission of the in­ stitution in which he is a resident student and by consultation with the General Extension Division. All such arrangements must be made through the head of correspondence-study in the General Extension Division. Correspondence students who register for resident work in an educational institution before completing their course must confer with the General Extension Division to secure an extension of time On the correspondence course. Special rules govern the carrying of work by correspondence during the short vacation periods between terms. In general, students are not permitted to submit correspondence lessons unless the vacation period is one week or longer. Any resident student desiring to do correspondence work during the Christmas or spring vacations must first consult the General Extension Division in regard to procedure. These regulations apply to students in residence at any educational institution. No entrance examinations to correspondence-study are required, but any per­ son of sufficient maturity to carry courses with profit may register for them. The General Extension Division reserves the right, however, to advise students regard­ ing the courses that are best suited to their preparation and needs. GENERAL RULES GOVERNING CORRESPONDENCE-STUDY Application. A student should select the course he wishes to take, fill out an application blank, a copy of which is found on the last page of this catalog, giving all information requested, and return it to the General Extension Division, with the fee. The Lessons. If a student's application is accepted, the first lessons are sent to him at once with directions for the preparation of written reports, which he is to send in for correction. Additional lessons are sent as needed, so that the students always has a lesson or two on hand. Lesson Reports. Reports are prepared by the student on each lesson and sent to the department of extension teaching for correction by the instructor. Reports should be sent in one at a time as soon as completed in order that the benefit of corrections and suggestions may be had in the preparation of subsequent lessons. Corrected Reports. Students are asked to accept criticism in the help­ ful spirit in which it is intended, as it is only in this way that an instructor can guide the student in the correction of his mistakes and lead him to do constructive work. At no time should a student permit himself to pass by portions of lessons that he does not understand. Questions should be asked freely whenever there is any difficulty. - Time Required. Those working for credit may not complete more than eight term hours during any period of three months, if they are regularly employed or are housewives who are able to give only spare time to study. Those giving their full time to correspondence-study, upon satisfactory evidence to the General Extension Division that this is the case, may complete a maximum of twelve term hours during any period of twelve weeks. There is always the opportunity to dig deeper. Reports should be distributed evenly throughout the period of study. The secretary or instructor may refuse to accept the reports of a student who hurries his work unduly. Length of Course. Where practicable, courses are outlined in units of sixteen lessons each. Some subjects are treated in a series of units so arranged that students who do not have the time or do not care for all of the units may select those they prefer. A number of courses, however, have twenty-four and thirty-two assignments, and a few have forty-eight. Number of Courses. A student should not register for more than one or two courses at one time. Those who are not familiar with cIJrrespondence methods and those who have only spare time for study should never attempt more than one course at a time. vVhen an extensive course is arranged in more than one section, a student should enroll for each section separately. Texts. Students should if possible secure their own copies of required texts. Libraries may be relied upon for reference material and supplementary reading, but cannot be expected to supply texts. The General Extension Division will furnish upon request information regarding texts for any course. Supplies. All supplies required in the preparation of written assignments are furnished by the student. The student also pays postage on papers sent to the General Extension Division. The Division pays return postage on lesson papers. EXPENSES FOR CORRESPONDENCE-STUDY Fee. The amount of the fee for each course is stated in the description of the course on a later page of this catalog. A special fee is charged for out-of­ state students. (See page 10). When Payable. Fees are payable in advance and should accompany the application for courses. Fees will be returned to the student if his application is not accepted, but cannot be returned after the student has been registered longer than three months. When the fee is returned after a student has been enrolled, $1.00 is deducted to cover costs of registration. No course fee will be returned after a student has begun work. A student may transfer from one course to another by the payment of $1.00 in addition to any necessary adj ustment in fees between the two courses and 50 cents for each assignment completed in the original course. The date of expiration of the new course will be the same as the date of expiration of the original course. Money should be sent in the form of postal order, express order, or bimk draft made payable to the General Extension Division. Duration of Course Registration. One year from the beginning of the quarter following the date of enrollment is allowed a student for the completion 10 OREGON HIGHER EDUCATION CORRESPONDENCE-STUDY 11 of a course. On application to the General Extension Division, extension of time may be granted equivalent to the time lost on a course by reason of serious illness or by attendance at an educational institution, provided application for such ex­ tension of time is made when active work is discontinued. Renewal Fee. A course registration which has expired may be renewed for an additional year by the payment of a renewal fee of $2.00. A student will not be permitted more than two renewals on anyone course or ,section of a course. Out-of-State Students. Registration in correspondence courses is con­ fined largely to Oregon students but so many requests for courses are coming from students from other states that the Division permits these students to receive instruction upon the payment of its approximate cost. Accordingly, a student whose home is not in Oregon may register for a cor­ respondence course by the payment of a special fee of $5.00 for each course or section of a course, in addition to the regular fee for resident students. The out-of­ state fee for any course may be determined by adding $5.00 to the fee for each course or section of a course announced in this catalog. Regulations Covering Non-Resident Tuition. The Oregon State Board of Higher Education has defined a non-resident student as a person who comes into Oregon from another state for the purpose of attending one of the institutions under the control of the Board. In order to draw a clear line between resident and non-resident students the Board has ordered that all students in the institutions under its control who have not been domiciled in Oregon for more than one year immediately pre­ ceding the day of their first enrollment in the institution shall be termed non­ resident students, with the following exceptions: 1. Students whose fathers (or mothers, if the father is not living) are domi- ciled, as defined under (1) below, in the State of Oregon. ' 2. Children of regular employees of the Federal Government stationed in the State of Oregon. , 3. *Students holding bachelor's or higher degrees from higher educational institutions whose work is acceptable as preparation for graduate work. 4. *Students in summer sessions. The Board established the following rules to be observed in determining the resident status of students: 1. Residence and domicile are synonymous and domicile shall be considered to be a fixed permanent residt.'nee to which, when absent, one has the intention of re­ turning. 2. A student ent£~ring from another state or country is prima facie B non-resident, and to change this residence the burden of proof is upon the student. 3. Residence cannot be changed by mere declaration of intention so to change, and in addition to declaration of intention to change residence, there must be sup­ porting fact sufficiently strong to satisfy the authorities that the intention bas actually been effected. 4. In case of minors, change of residence of parents or legal guardians will be closely examined. 5. Ih ease of persons of legal age, such things 8S residence of parents, or nearest relatives, or wife, or children, or intimate friends to whom one would naturally go in case of illness or other distress, will be considered as factors entering into the matter of intent. • These exceptions to the payment of non-resident fees do not apply to correspondence courses. 6. Actions will be considered as speaking louder than words in determining the weight of evidence, hence less weight will be given to a person's declarations than to his acts. 7. The length of time in the state will not alone determine residence. 8. Voting residence will not be a determining factor because of the Oregon consti ­ titional provision, Art. II, Sec. 4, providing that a person shall not be held to have gained or lost a residence for the purpose of voting while a student at any institution of learning. 9. Two things, namel:i. (a) actual habitation and (b) intention of remaining, must exist simultaneously, and the intention to remain must be construed to mean remain permanently and not merely during school term or any other equal1y temporary time. It must be a bona fide permanent residence with no thought of change in the intent of residence when the school period .hall have expired. 10. A non-resident at the time of his enrollment must be held to that classification throughout his presence as a student except in those rare cases where it can be proved that his previous domicile haa been abandoned and a new one established independent of the college or his attendance thereon. EXAMINATIONS IN CORRESPONDENCE-STUDY Optional. Final examinations are optional with the student, but are rec­ ommended by the General Extension Division and are required when credit is desired. The General Extension Division urges students to take final examinations in courses in which the lessons have been completed, because it has happened frequently that students who believed they would never use the credit have later changed their plans and have wanted it. Time. To secure credit for a correspondence course, the final examina­ tion must be taken within six weeks from the time work on the lessons is com­ pleted. Otherwise, special arrangements must be made with the General Extension Division. Final Examinations must be Supervised. Examinations may be taken at the General Extension Division, or under the supervision of a school superin­ tendent or principal, or some other competent person who is approved by the General Extension Division. Students living in or near Portland may take their examinations at the Portland Center office of the General Extension Division, 814 Oregon building. A student should make arrangements for his examination some time before the date on which he expects to wrire his paper. CREDIT FOR CORRESPONDENCE-STUDY Undergraduate. Sixty term hours is the maximum amount of credit that may be earned in correspondence courses and counted toward graduation. Graduate. No graduate credit is allowed regularly for correspondence work. Entrance. Students who are deficient in entrance credits may, under certain conditions, make up such deficiencies through correspondence courses. The entrance courses described toward the end of the catalog are for this purpose, although mature students may also enroll in certain college courses for entrance credit. For this purpose, nine term hQurs of college credit may be counted the equivalent of one entrance unit. Non-Matriculated Students. Students who have not matriculated at an educational institution may have credit for courses recorded provisionally only. After matriculation requirements have been met, correspondence" credit may be counted toward graduation. 12 OREGON HIGHER EDUCATION CORRESPONDENCE-STUDY 13 Transfer of Credit. Credits earned in corresp~mdence courses with the General Extension Division may be transferred to other institutions of higher education in the state. There is also an exchange of credits permitted between colleges and universities having membership in the National University Extension Association. The General Extension Division is a member of this Association. To prevent mistakes in the selection of correspondence courses, any student who expects to have credits transferred should, before his enrollment, secure approval from the school to which the credits are to be transferred. Admission In order to be admitted to any of the state higher educational institutions of Oregon a student must be of good moral character and must present evidence of acceptable preparation for work at the college level. Not only is character a requisite for admission, but its development is regarded as a primary aim in education and is emphasized at all the state institutions of higher education. ADMISSION TO FIRST·YEAR STANDING The requirements for admission to first-year or freshman standing con­ form to the uniform entrance requirements adopted by all the higher educa­ tional institutions of Oregon. Applicants who are not residents of Oregon may be held for additional requirements demonstrating superior ability. Evidence of acceptable scholastic preparation may consist of either (1) cer­ tificate of preparatory school record, or (2) statement of standing on College Entrance Board examinations. Admission by Certificate. Application for admission by certmcate is made on the official form, Uniform Certificate of Secondary School Record, prepared by the State Department of Education. The applicant's scholastic record must be certified by the principal or superintendent of his school. This official certificate should be filed with the Registrar at least two weeks before the applicant expects to enroll. Admission by Examination. Students seeking admission by examina­ tion should obtain information from the Secretary of the College Entrance Examination Board, 431 West 117th Street, New York City. Entrance Credit by Examination. Students who lack only a unit or two of entrance credit may arrange with the General Extension Division to remove such deficiencies by special examinations. The fee for such examinations is $5.00 for each unit of credit or fraction thereof. Use of College Credit for Removal of Deficiencies. Mature students who prefer to remove entrance deficiencies by credit earned in college courses may count nine term hours of credit earned in correspondence courses of college grade as the equivalent of one entrance unit. Preparation Required. For admission to first-year standing, the stu­ dent's preparation must conform to one of three plans, under each of which a proportion of his preparation must be in certain specified fields. In listing the requirements under the three plans, the following terms are used: UNIT, a subject taught five times a week, in periods of not less than forty minutes each, for a school year of not less than thirty-six weeks. MAJOR, three units in one field. MINOR, two units in one field. SPIlCIFn:D FIIlI,DS: English, languages other than English, mathematics, natural science, social science. Under Plan A, part of the entrance units must be grouped into majors and minors. Under Plan B, more freedom is allowed in distribution of units. Under Plan C, still greater freedom in distribution is allowed a student of exceptional ability as demonstrated by classification in the highest quartile of his high school graduating class and by the unreserved recommendation of his high school principal; a high rating in a college mental test may also be required. No credit under any of the plans is granted for penmanship, spelling, physical education, group music work, or any subject commonly classified as a student activity. Students from a four-year high school must present 15 units, including under the three plans- Plan A. 2 majors and 3 minors: 3 of these 5 groups in Specified Fields, including 1 major in English. Plan B. 10 units in Specified Fields: 3 of these units in English'. Plan C. 8 units in Specified Fields: 3 of these units in English; exceptional ability as explained above. Students from a senior high school must present 12 units, including under the three plans- Plan A. 2 maj ors and 2 minors: 3 of these 4 groups in Specified Fields, including either a major or a minor in English. Plan B. 8 units in Specified Fields: 2 of these units in English. Plan C. 7 units in Specified Fields: 2 of these units in English; exceptional ability as explained above. Special Requirements. In addition to the foregoing en.trance require­ ments, which must be met by all applicants for admission to the first-year or freshman class, certain special subjects are necessary for admission to some of the professional and technical schools. Students planning to major in any phase of Engineering should if possible take a full year of physics in high school. In order to be admitted to any of the Engineering curricula a student must have one unit in elementary algebra, one-half unit in higher algebra, and one unit in plane geomec try. Students planning to major in Architecture are advised to take preparatory units in solid geometry, trigonometry, advanced algebra, and mechanical drawing. Students planning to major in Music are required to have completed a satisfactory preparatory course in music. ADMISSION WITH ADVANCED STANDING Advanced standing is granted to students transferring from other institu­ tions of collegiate rank. All applications for advanced standing must be sub­ mitted to the Registrar, and must be accompanied by official transcripts of high school and college records and by statements Qfhonorable distnissal.: ; >) 14 OREGON HIGHER EDUCATION CORRESPONDENCE-STUDY 15 The amount of credit granted upon transfer from an accredited institution depends upon the nature and quality of the applicant's previous work, evaluated according to the academic requirements of the institution. Final determination of the amount of credit to be granted may be deferred until after the student has been in attendance for at least three terms. A student wishing credit for work done elsewhere than at an accredited educational institution must petition the Committee ort Academic Requirements for permission to take examinations to specific courses listed in the catalog. In general, credit by examination is allowed only for work taken in regularly organ­ ized courses in non-accredited institutions of collegiate rank. ADMISSION AS SPECIAL STUDENTS Two classes of special students are admitted: (1) those not qualified for admission as regular students but qualified by maturity and experience to work along special lines, and (2) those qualified for admission as regular students who are not working toward a degree and do not care to follow any of the degree curricula. An applicant for admission as a special student must be not less than 21 years of age, and must file with the Registrar documentary evidence sufficient to prove his special fitness to pursue the subjects desired. Credits earned by special students shall not subsequently be counted toward a degree until the student has completed at least two years of work (93 term hours) as a regular student. In case a regular student changes to special status, work done while classified as a special student will not count toward a degree. ADMISSION WITH GRADUATE STANDING Graduates of accredited colleges and universities are admitted to graduate classification by the dean of the Graduate Division and the Registrar on presenta­ tion of an official transcript of their undergraduate work. But admission to can­ didacy for an advanced degree is determined only after a preliminary examina­ tion, given when a student has completed approximately fifteen term hours of graduate work. Graduates of non-accredited universities and colleges are expected to obtain the bachelor's degree from an accredited institution before proceeding to grad­ uate work. REQUIREMENTS FOR DEGREES AND CERTIFICATES The Junior Certificate admits to upper division standing and the opportunity to pursue a major curriculum leading to a degree. A student is expected to fulfill the requirements for the Junior Certificate during his first two years at an institution. The requirements are as follows: (1) Term Hours: Minimum, 93. (2) Grade Point Average: Minimum, 2.00. (3) English: (a) A general examination in English is required upon entrance. If this examination is not passed, the course designated as Corrective English (Eng K) must be taken and passed. (b) English Composition: 9 term hours unless excused. (4) Physical Education: 6 terms, unless excused. (5) Military Science: 6 terms for men, unless excused. (6) General Hygiene: 3 terms for women. (7) Group requirements: A prescribed amount of work selected from three "groups" representing comprehensive fields of knowledge. The three groups are: Language and Literature, Science, Social Science. Courses that satisfy requirements are numbered from 100 to 110 and from 200 to 210. The group requirements are as follows: (a) For students in liberal arts and sciences-The completion of at least 9 approved term hours in each of the three groups and at least 9 additional approved term hours in courses numbered 200-210 in anyone of the same three groups. (b) For students in the University professional schools-The completion of at least 9 term hours in each of two of the three groups. (c) For students in the State College professional and technical schools -The completion of at least 9 term hours in English literature or upper division foreign language or social science and at least 9 term hours in science. The Lower Division Certificate recognizes the successful completion of two years of Lower Division work. This certificate is granted upon request to students whose desire has been only to round out their general education. It does not require the scholastic average specified for the Junior Certificate, and does not admit to upper division standing. The State Normal School Diploma. For graduation each of the three State Normal Schools requires completion of a standard normal school curric­ ulum, comprising,a total of 96 term hours of academic and professional subjects­ the equivalent of 16 term hours each term for two years. The legislature of 1935 so amended the teacher training law that after the first of January, 1937, an additional quarter of work in the normal schools will be required for graduation. Those students entering in the fall of 1935 will be required to complete seven quarters for graduation instead of six as heretofore. After January 1, 1939, two additional quarters will be required, and after 1941 it will be necessary to complete three years of work for graduation and certification in Oregon. The Bachelor's Degree. When a student has fulfilled all the require­ ments for a Junior Certificate, he is classified as an upper division student and may become a candidate for a bachelor's degree in the college or school of his choice. The requirements for a bachelor's degree (including both lower and upper division work) are as follows: (1) Term Hours: Minimum, 186, including- (a) Hours in upper division courses: Minimum for students majoring in College of Arts and Letters or College of Social Science, 62; for students in professional schools, 45. (b) Hours in the major: Minimum, 36, including at least 24 in upper division courses. (c) Hours after receipt of Junior Certificate: Minimum. 45. (2) Required distribution of hours for different bachelor's degrees: (a) Bachelor of Arts: 36 hours in arts and letters, including two years (normally 24 term hours) of college work in a foreign language. 16 OREGON HIGHER EDUCATION CORRESPONDENCE-STUDY 17 (b) Bachelor of Science: 36 hours in science or social science. (c) Professional bachelor's degree (B.Arch., B.B.A., B.S. in Ed., etc.): Fulfillment of all major requirements. (3) Grade Point Average: Minimum, 2.00. (4) Residence: Minimum, 45 term hours (normally the last 45). (5) Dean's recommendation, certifying fulfillment of all requirements of major department or school. (6) Restrictions: (a) Correspondence Study: Maximum, 60 term hours toward any bachelor's degree. (b) Law or Medicine: Maximum, 48 term hours toward any degree other than professional law or medical degrees. (c) Applied Music: Maximum, 12 term hours toward any degree other than the B.M. degree. ACADEMIC PROCEDURE The regular academic year throughout the State System of Higher Educa­ tion is divided into three terms of approximately twelve weeks each. The summer sessions supplement the work of the regular year. Students may enter at the beginning of any term but are advised to enter in the fall. It is especially im­ portant that freshmen and transferring students entering the fall term be present for Freshman Week. . DEFINITIONS A COURSE is a subject, or an instructional subdivision of a subject, offered through a single term. A YEAR-SEQUENCE consists of three closely articulated courses extending through the three terms of the academic year. A CURRICULUM is an organized program of study arranged to ~rovide definite cultural or professional preparation. A TERM HOUR represents three hours of the student's time each week for one term. This time may be assigned to work in classroom or laboratory or to outside preparation. The number of lecture, recitation, laboratory, or other periods per week for any course may be found in the course descriptions in this Catalog, or in the printed schedule of classes. Enrollment in correspondence courses is not confined to terms. Students may register for courses at any time during the year. REGULATIONS AND REQUIREMENTS Examination in English. A\1 students entering as freshmen are required to take a preliminary examination for the purpose of demonstrating their prepara­ tion in English. The examination covers the fundamental principles of grammar and requires evidence of the student's ability to apply these principles in writing. Students failing to obtain a satisfactory grade in this examination are required to take and pass Corrective English (EnglishK) before registering for work in English Composition. Grades and Points. The quality of student work is measured by a system of grades and grade points. Grades. The grading system consists of four passing grades, A,· B, C. D; failure, F; incomplete, INC.; withdrawn, W. A denotes exceptional accom­ plishment; B, superior; C, average; D, inferior. Students ordinarily receive one of the four passing grades or failure. When the quality of the work is satisfactory, but the course has not been completed, for reasons acceptable to the instructor, a report of incomplete may be made and additional time granted. Students are officially withdrawn from a course on filing the proper blanks at the Registrar's Office. Points. Grade points are computed on the basis of 4 points for each term hour of A grade, 3 points for each term hour of B, 2 points for each term hour of C, 1 point for each term hour of D, and 0 points for each term hour of F. Marks of INC. and Ware disregarded in the computation of points. The grade point average (CPA) is the quotient of total points divided by total term hours in which grades (A, B, C, D, and F) are received. Grade points are computed on all work which the student does as an undergraduate, including transferred hours, correspondence study, and special examinations. Courses Meeting Requirements Students who are looking toward work in residence at one of the state in­ stitutions of higher education and who want to select correspondence courses which will meet definite graduation requirements should note carefully the courses, which will be accepted by the University and State Co\1ege in satisfaction of requirements. Such studel~ts should always state clearly to the General Extension Division their purpose in taking correspondence-study so that no mistake will be made in the selection of courses; otherwise a student may find after he has com­ pleted a course that he cannot secure full credit because of general or departmental requirements. The Written English requirement may be fulfilled by the course on Principles of Good Writing. Information on group requirments may be obtained by consult­ ing the official catalogs or writing the General Extension Division. Many ambitious young men and women desire to prepare themselves to fill more responsible positions than they are holding, but are compelled to postpone requisite university or technical training until enough money has been saved to have a year or two free for study. For such persons, correspondence courses offer special possibilities. These courses may be carried without interfering in any way with gainful employment. If carefully chosen with a view to future training,they frequently can be made to shorten materia\1y the period of resident study, and by enabling the student to dispose of preparatory courses, leave more of his time free for advanced work. Students who are planning to enter the University or the State Co\1ege will find that there are many opportunities provided by correspondence courses to clear regular requirements for graduation. Some definite suggestions of courses that will apply in the various schools and departments in these two institutions are given herewith. However, before students make final plans for correspondence­ study they should write to the registrar of the institution that they expect to enter for full information about requirements in the particular school or department in which they are interested. They should also confer with the head of cor­ respondence-study regarding the best courses to satisfy given requirements. 18 OREGON HIGHER EDUCATION CORRESPONDENCE-STUDY 19 Courses marked with the (*) are suitable for freshmen UNIVERSITY OF OREGON College of Arts and Letters Majors in English Literature and Pre-Library ·English Literature Survey 9 hours ·French or German (2 years) .24 hours ·English History 9 hours ·English Comp09ition _ 9 hours Shakespeare _ 9 hours American Literature Survey __ n 4 hours Psychology 9 hours Maj ors in German or Romance Languages ·German, French,. or Spanish 21-24 hours ·English Literature Survey 9 hours ·English Composition 9 hours History or Economics 9 to 12 hours Psychology, Sociology or English 9 hours School of Business Administration ·Constructive Accounting 12 houn ·English Composition 9 hours ·Unified Mathematics 12 hours Principles of Economics _ __ __ __ 9 hour3 Money and Banking 5 hours Business Law 4 hours General Advertising ; 3 hours Such electives 8.S: Horne economics, literature, foreign language, be- ginners' psychology, geography, history, sociology, economic his. ton. School of Education ·Mental Hygiene 3 hours ·Introduction to Education 3 hours Beginners' Psychology 9 hours Principles of Economics 9 hours N arms: Courses in subjech selected for major or minor norms may be taken, especially in English, history and economic.s, home eco­ nomics and mathematics. t ·English Composition 9 hours School of Architecture and Allied Arts ·English Composition ..........................................................................•............... 9 hours ·English Literature Survey _ 9 hours ·Foreign Lang\lAges (for students working toward a B.A. degree) French, Gennan, 0,- Spanish ' ·Design I ::: 3 hours Stress"" Advanced Graphic Statics Elementa.ry Structural Design for students in Architecture Electives. such as: Unified ll'.l.athematics, literature. geology, geog. raphy, history, psychology, economics. School of Journalism ·English Composition ..............................................•................................_ 9 hours ·Elementary N ewswriting 3 hours ·French. German, or Spanish ·English Literature Survey _....................................... 9 hours ·General Advertising 3 hours Psychology _.............•................. 9 hours Sociology 9 hours Principles of Economics a.................... 9 hours History School of Physical Education ·EngliSh Composition ........................................................................................•. 9 hours ·English Literature Survey 9 hours Beginners' Psychology __ 9 hours Electives, such aa: Sociology, English, history, economics, foreign language. College of Social Science .English Composition _ 9 hours .Foreign language-French, German, Spanish .English Literature Survey 9 hours History Principles of Economics 9 hours Beginners' Psychology 9 hours Geography .........................................................................•.................................. 9 hours Sociology _ 9 hours OREGON STATE COLLEGE School of Agriculture .English Composition 9 hours .Botany 9 hours Electives from such subjects as: Home economics, psychology. ele­ mentary newswliting, history, literature, sociology. Principles of Economics 9 hours National Government _ 4 hours School of Education .Mental Hygiene _ 3 hours "Introduction to Education _ 3 hours Beginners' Psychology _ 9 hours Principles of Economics 9 hours Norms: Courses in subjects selected for major or minor norms may be taken, especially in English, history and economics, home ec~ nomics, and mathematics. • English Composition 9 hours School of Engineering and Mechanic Arts .English Composition .....................................................................................•.... 9 hours .Unified Mathematics _ _._.........................................••.........................12 hour. College Physics 9 hours Differential Bnd Integral Calculus .....................................................•............12 hours Differential EQuations 6 hours .Mechanical Drawing ..........................................................................•_............. 6 hour. .English Literature Survey 9 hours Principles of Economics 9 hours National Government 4 hours Electives: Such courses may be used as English, history, graphics, stresses, elementary structural design, geology, geography. School of Forestry .Botany (Plant Biology and Systematic Botany) 5 hours .English Composition _ c 9 hours .Unified Mathematics 12 hours Principles of Economics .........................................................•.......................... 9 hours National Government ............•.............._ 4 hours Business Law 4 hours Electives recommended: Principles of dietetics, money and banking, American literature, commercial English, calculus. School of Home Economics :~;:,~~~ta~~::~~~i~i;;~··:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::=:::::::::::::::::::~ ~~~: .English History _...................................•......................... 9 hours .English Literature Survey 9 hours Psychology ..................................................................................•...................6 or 9 hours Household Management 3 hours Child Development _.................................. 3 hours Clothing Selection 3 hours Principles of Dietetics 2 hour. Food Purchasing 3 hours House Furnishing _ 3 hours Electives in such subjects as: English, literature, history, sociology, economics. School of Pharmacy .English Composition 9 hours History 9 hours .German or ~'rench 12 hours Constructive Accounting Other suitable courses are: English, literature, physics, history, eco.. nomics. 20 OREGON HIGHER EDUCATION CORRESPONDENCE-STUDY 21 School of Science ·English Composition .........................................................................................• 9 hours Other courses may be selected in line with the student's major inter­ est; for example: Botany: ·Plant Biology ·Systematic Botany ·Advanced Systematic Botany Shrubs and Trees Chemistry : ·Unified Mathematics 12 hours Calculus 12 hours ·College Physics (correspondence course should be supplemented with a three hour laboratory course). -German Physics: ·College Physics ·Unified Mathematics Meteorology Mathematics: ·Unified Mathematics 12 hours DiffE'rential and Inte'1:ral Calculus 12 hours Differential Equationa 6 hours ·Algebra (a course in intermediate algebra is available for stu- dents who have not had three semesters of algebra in high ochool). Degree Curricula in Secretarial Science ·English Composition 9 hours ·Biological Science Survey 12 hours Principles of Economics 9 hours Constructive Accounting _ 12 hours Business English _ 3 hours General Advertising 3 hours Money and Banking _...................................... 4 hours SUggested electives: mental hygiene, history, literature and modern governmenta. PRE-MEDICAL WORK (Offered at both University and College) .English Composition _ 6 to 9 hours ·German or French 20 hours College Physics (with laboratory) 12 hours Electives: These may include such courses as beginners' psychology, introduction to sociology, unified mathematics, and principles of economics. STATE NORMAL SCHOOLS For Normal School Credit. The State Normal Schools in Oregon permit students to apply toward graduation a limited number of credits earned in corre­ spondence courses. Correspondence courses which may be substituted for required courses at the Normal Schools are: Advanced Writing, Part I, for Essay Writing, 3 credits. Elementary Psychology for Elementary Psychology, 3 credits. History of Oregon for Oregon History, 2 credits. 'Introduction to Sociology for Elementary Sociology, 2 credits. Anyone of the following may be substituted for the courses in literature required, 3 credits being allowed. Contemporary American Novel. Contemporary Engliah Novelists. Earkv American Literature. Recent American Literature. The following courses may be substituted for entrance examinations: Review Course in Arithmetic. Review Course in Grammar. Entrance Course in American History. CORRESPONDENCE COURSES FOR TEACHERS State Requirement in Education. Nine of the 15 semester hours or 13 of the 23 term hours required in education for a teacher's certificate may be taken by correspondence, but at least six semester hours (nine term hours) should be completed in a regular session at a standard institution of higher education or in summer sessions. This applies to teachers whose college work has been done at some place other than the University of Oregon or the Oregon State College, Education Majors. Students who are working for a degree from the University or the State College with a major in education or who expect to secure a recommendation for teaching from the School of Education are expected to complete requirements in education in residence. This rule applies especially to students who have had no practical teaching experience. Exceptions to the rule are sometimes made for experienced teachers who are working toward a degree but who must fulfill a portion of the requirements through extension courses. Such exceptions are always made with the approval .of the Dean of the School of Education. Students who expect to teach are advised to make specific preparation in the subjects which they prefer to teach, by taking the suggested minimum of work in at least one or two departments in accordance with special lists of courses prepared by the School of Education in consultation with the departments concerned. Courses may sometimes be selected to meet definite requirements; for example, students who expect to teach English must take a certain group of courses in English and literature, known as an English "norm." Of the required courses in the English "norm" Shakespeare, American Literature Survey, and English Survey may be taken by correspondence. In a similar manner, students are often able to select correspondence courses along other lines that will help to meet requirements. College Correspondence Courses* ARCHITECTURE AND ALLIED ARTS The first course in this group, Design I, is for persons interested in art. The other courses are for students who wish to prepare for professional work in drafting, architecture. and engineering. The work is planned for beginners, and for those who have had some nractical experienc.e, but who need instnetion that will aystematize and coordinate their knowledge. AA C 166, Design I. A creative approach to design for individual expression with a study of two and three dimensional form in painting, sculpture, textiles, advertising, etc. Credit: Three term hours; 16 assignments. Fee, $10.00. Text: The text is included in the assignments, but supplementary reading will be required from a list of books sent with the assignments. These books may be borrowed from a local library or from the State Library, A list of paints and other supplies needed for the course will be sent with the first assignments or may be had on request by students interested in the course. Two sets of material are available: Set I, $7.95 to $9.40; Set II, $10.10 to $11.55. Variations in price in each set are due to the different prices for which some of the articles included may be purchased. A greater variety of problems • The number before the title of a course indicates whether the course carries upper or lower division credit. Number. from 1 to 299 indicate lower division; numbers 300 and above indicate upper division. No credit earned in correspondence courses is ac­ cepted toward a graduate degree. 22 OREGON HIGHER EDUCATION CORRESPONDENCE-STUDY 23 can be attempted with Set II, which is more complete; but excellent work may be done with Set I. AA C ISO. Mechanical Drawing. The use and care of drafting instruments, geometric drawing, practical applications of the principles of orthographic projection to drafting-room practice, etc., are taught the student. Neat, plain lettering, shop drawings, tracings and isometric drawing receive special emphasis. Credit: Six term hours; 30 assignments. Fee, $14.00 or $7.00 for either half; credit for entire course only. Text; French, Engineering Drawing, (fourth edition), McGraw-Hill Book Company. Materials, including text and drawing paper, cost from about $19.45 to $24.45, depending on the number and quality of instruments purchased. A list of materials will be sent on request. AA C 319. Advanced Graphic Statics. Graphic methods are deduced and used for determining the bending movement, shear and deflection in beams; center of gravity and movement of inertia of a plane area; stresses in voussoir arches; deflection of trusses. No outside textbook is required. Credit: Two term hours. Fee, $5.00. AA C 320, 321. Stresses. Principles involved and methods used in determin­ ing the tensile and compressive stresses in the various members of framed structures, such as roof trusses, highway and railway bridges, cantilever trusses, three hinged arches, etc. Both dead and live loads are analyzed by algebraic and graphic methods. A knowledge of mathematics through trigo­ nometry is essential. The course may be taken in two sections of two term hours each. Section I covers lessons 1-14; section 2, lessons 15-24. Credit; Four term hours; 24 assignments. Fee, $10.00 or $5.00 f~r each section. AA C 420, 421, 422. Elementary, Structural Design... The principles that enable one to compute the proper sizes to use in the various parts of trusses, machines, steel framework or other objects under stress are explained and applied to practical problems. The course is divided into three sections as follows: Section I, assignments I-IS-Discussion of tensile, compressive and bend­ ing stresses; use of beam and column formulas; application to wooden design. Section II, assignments 16-27-Steel riveting; steel truss design; plate girder design. Section III, assignments 28-36---Principles and formulas used in the design of reinforced concrete; applications to simple beams, columns, floor slabs. Credit: Six term hours, or two for each section. Fee, $15.00 or $5.00 for each section. Text: Steel Construction, published by American Institute of Steel Con­ struction, 200 Madison Avenue, New York CitY,(ninth printing) 1932. Much of the text is included in the mimeographed lessons, but the steel hand­ book will be needed for reference. \ ASTRONOMY Ph C 101. Astronomy. This course is for those who desire to gain informa­ tion concerning the laws governing the stars, planets, sun, moon, comets, and nebulae; to become familiar with the appearance and names of the constella- tions and the mythology connected with them; and to study the lives of the great astronomers of all times. The aim is to make the course cultural as well as scientific. Observations are required with practically every lesson. No optical aid is necessary, although a pair of opera or field glasses will be found helpful. Assigned readings outside the texts are often made, depending upon the library facilities at the command of the student. Prerequisites: elementary algebra and plane and solid geometry. A knowl­ elge of elementary physics will be helpful but is not required. Credit: Six term hours; 32 assignments. Fee, $14.00. Texts: Fath, Elements of Astronomy. (1934 edition), McGraw-Hill Book Company; McKready, A Begin1~er's Guide to the Stars-An Observa· tion Manual, Putnam's Sons. Ph C I X. Astronomy (Short Course.) No prerequisites. No credit. In prep­ aration. Write for information. BIOLOGY BiS C 101, 102, 103. Biological Science Survey. Twelve term hours. In prep­ aration. Write for information. z·e ISO. Bird Study. These lessons constitute a combined reading and laboratory course, the aim of which is to acquaint the student with some of the interesting facts connected with the biology of the bird. its habits. Dowers of adaptation, economic value, and to assist the student in training his own powers of observation to the end that he may become acquainted first hand with the common western birds. Most people find familiarity with birds to be highly pleasurable; thus a knowledge of birds adds both to cultural at­ tainment and to the joy of living. The out-of-doors will provide the necessary laboratory. The lessons are illustrated with drawings and photographs showing important characteristics of bird physiology or habits. Credit: Three term hours; 19 assignments. Fee, $8.50. Text: At least one good book on western birds is needed for identification purposes. Students are advised to purchase either W. A. Eliot, Birds of the Pacific Coast, 1923, Putnam's Sons, or Florence M. Bailey, Handbook of Birds of the Westem United States, (revised), 1916, Houghton Mifflin Co. The first book, illustrated with plates, is small enough to be carried in the pocket. The latter is much larger but also much more complete. It contains a large number of illustrations in black and white. BOTANY Bot C ISO. Elementary Botany, Plant Biology. A study of life and the life processes as shown in the plant. The lessons include structure, physiology, reproduction and dissemination of plants, and require the observation of specimens of typical plants both flowering and non-flowering, with only as much textbook work as is necessary to coordinate and unify the work. A good magnifying glass is absolutely essential. Credit: Three term hours; 16 assignments. Fee, $8.00. Text: Holman and Robbins, Elements of Botany, John Wiley and Sons. Bot e lSI. Systematic Botany. This course consists of 16 lessons dealing with some of the typical flowers and leads up to an understanding of the use and meaning of the common descriptive terms, and the description, naming, 24 OREGON HIGHER EDUCATION CORRESPONDENCE-STUDY 25 and pressing of ten Oregon plants representing at least five families, and the ability to classify plants from written descriptions. Credit: Three term hours; 16 assignments. Fee, $7.00. Text: Frye and Rigg, Elementary Flora of the Northwest, American Book Co. For those desiring more extensive descriptions, and planning to continue plant classification, the following are recommended: For students residing in the valley or on the coast, Piper and Beattie, Flora of the North­ west Coast, Washington State College, Pullman; for students living in Eastern Oregon, Piper and Beattie, Flora of Southeast Washington, and Adjacent Idaho. Bot C 152. Advanced Systematic Botany. This is a continuation of the previous course, and is intended for those who desire to make a more ex­ tended classification of plants. The course comprises: (a) The description, naming, and pressing of 30 plants other than those described in course 2, and representing not less than 20 families. (b) The ability to distinguish fifteen families without the aid of the text. (c) A paper on the history of American botany and botanists with special reference to the Northwest. Credit: Three term hours. Fee, $7.00. Bot C 350. Shrubs and Trees. This course comprises: (a) The description and naming, together with the specimens, of 30 shrubs and trees, including evergreen and deciduous. (b) An account of the economic uses of these or 30 other trees and shrubs. (c) A paper on the government forests, their care and value to the country. Credit: Three term hours; 16 assignments. Fee, $7.00. Text: Sudworth, Trees of the Pacific Slope. To be obtained from Super­ intendent of Public Documents, Washington, D. C. BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION BA C Ill, 112, 113. Constructive Accounting. This course may be taken by students to clear the prerequisite in accounting required of all students who enroll in advanced courses in business administration. It is also designed to be of service to those who are interested in accounting from an immediately practical point of view, either as a profession or as a valuable aid in other lines of business endeavor. The course goes much farther than the ordinary course in bookkeeping. While training in bookkeeping is not prerequisite, the student who completes the course will experience little difficulty in following out the routine of almost any bookkeeping system, and will also have a knowledge' of the way in which accounting records are designed to assist the manager of a business. It should enable him to keep a set of books with more than ordinary intelligence, for he is taught to think of the facts he is recording as picturing business relationships instead of mere automatic re­ cording of more or less meaningless figures. Credit: Twelve term hours; 22 assignments in each of three sections. Fee, $9.00 for each section, or $27.00 for the entire course. Text: Folts and Stillman, Interpretive Accounting, Longmans, Green and Co. BA C 416. Business Law•. A general course in business law correlating fundamental principles with selected cases illustrating their application to typical business situations. Formation of interpretation and discharge of con­ tracts. The law of bankruptcy, insurance, and suretyship. Credit: Four term hours; 23 assignments. Fee, $9.00. Text: Dillavou and Howard, Principles of Business Law, (revised edi­ tion) 1934, Prentice-Hall, Inc. BA C 434. Problems in Distribution. Four term hours. In preparation. Write for information. *BA C 439, 440. General Advertising. A study of the theory and practice of advertising. The economic and social implications of advertising; the ad­ vertising agency: "the campaign", including methods of research and the coordination of advertising with marketing and merchandising processes; selection of media; retail and mail order advertising; the mechanics of ad­ vertising, including typography, printing, engraving; and practice in produc­ tion of layouts and copywriting receive attention in this course. A course primarily for beginners in advertising. Credit: Three term hours; 16 assignments. Fee, $7.00. Text: Kleppner, Advertising Procedure, (revised edition), 1933, Pren­ tice-Hail, Inc. BA C 468. Real Estate. The business of real estate involves a very high type of salesmanship. The conditions and considerations surrounding the purchase and sale of a piece of real estate are of much more importance than those involved in the purchase and sale of almost any other kind of property. The real estate salesman should be aware of all of them, take them into account, and weigh them properly. In this way only can he establish a truly confidential relationship and retain it. This course gives attention to busi­ ness problems connected with the purchase, sale, and management of real estate; valuation, building operations, insurance and financing of real estate transactions; legal phases, contracts, liens, taxes and assessments, transfer of titles, deeds, bonds and mortgages. The best methods of selling real estate receive special attention. Credit: Two term hours; 12 assignments. Fee, $6.50. Texts: Clark Timmins, Selling Real Estate, D. Appleton & Co.; Berge, A. J., National Association of Real Estate Boards, 814 Straus Bldg., Chicago, III., Maps, Charts, and Graphs. (This latter material may be secured from T. W. Zimmerman, Abington Building, Portland, Oregon, at 25 cents a copy.) ECONOMICS The aim of these courses i~ to meet the needs of students who are preparing for active business or for the professions of journali.5m~ social service work, and the ministry, and for teaching such subjects as history. economics Bnd literature. They duplicate as nearly as posaible the work done in similar course3 on the campus, and also provide opportunity for research along the lir.es that are of particular or local interest to individual students. Ec C 150. Economic History. A study of primitive stages of industry, the origin and growth of institutions and property, the rise of the modern in­ dustrial system, the development of foreign trade, the epoch of the great inventions, and the chief characteristics of modern industry. While the main emphasis is upon the economic and industrial development of England and the United States, the course is sufficiently general to furnish a broad view of economic movements throughout the world. A bibliography of books on various phases of economic history, which may prove interesting and helpful to the student, is included in the first lesson of the course. • This course is a condensation of the six term hour courSe given at the University of Oregon under the same title and nunlbers. 26 OREGON HIGHER EDUCATION CORRESPONDENCE-STUDY 27 Credit: Six term hours; 32 assignments. Fee, $14.00. Texts: Cheyney, An Introduction to the Industrial and Social History of England, Macmillan, 1920; Day, A History of Commerce, Longmans Green and Co., 1920; Gras, An Introduction to Economic History, Harpers, 1922. Ec C 201, 202, 203. Principles of Economics. For convenience, the work of the course is arranged under the following main topics; introduction­ preliminary survey of the field; wealth-productive factors and organization; value and exchange--market price; money and the mechanism of exchange; foreign exchange and the tariff question; distribution-theory of interest, rent and wages; problems of labor and protective legislation; railways and trust problems; socialism. The aim of the instruction given in the lessons is to cultivate the critical faculties of the student and develop ability to apply economic theory to the solution of practical problems. The course is in three sections of three term hours each, so arranged as to permit any of them to be substituted for the corresponding term of the resident course. Credit: Nine term hours, or three for each section; 16 assignments in each section. Fee, $21.00, or $7.00 for each section. Texts: Taussig, Principles of Economics, (two volumes) Macmillan ~o., Third Edition (Revised) ; Keezer, Cutler and Garfield, Problem Economics, Harper & Bros. Ec C 323. Economics of Business Organization. This course deals with such topics as the nature of business organization, the classification and test of efficiency of business organizations, individuals in business, partner­ ships, joint stock companies, corporations, and the simple business trust. Principles of Economics is a prerequisite course. Credit: Four term hours; 23 assignments. Fee, $9.00. Texts: The number of text-books which must be purchased for this