SEARCHING FOR A SPACE: 
An Analysis of Eugene’s Free Parking Policy 
June	
  2013	
   Final	
  Report	
  
	
  
Prepared	
  for:	
  
City	
  of	
  Eugene	
  
Downtown	
  Eugene,	
  Inc.	
  
Prepared	
  by:	
  
Community	
  Planning	
  Workshop	
  	
  
A	
  Program	
  of	
  the	
  
Community	
  Service	
  Center	
  	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  	
   	
  

  
  
  
Special Thanks & 
Acknowledgements 
	
  
Community	
  Planning	
  Workshop	
  wishes	
  to	
  thank	
  the	
  following	
  for	
  providing	
  us	
  with	
  
information,	
  guidance	
  and	
  support	
  throughout	
  the	
  process:	
  
David	
  Hauser,	
  President,	
  Eugene	
  Area	
  Chamber	
  of	
  Commerce	
  
Jeff	
  Petry,	
  Parking	
  Services	
  Manager,	
  City	
  of	
  Eugene	
  
Carrie	
  Russo,	
  Administrative	
  Assistant,	
  Downtown	
  Eugene,	
  Inc.	
  
	
  
CPW Staff 
Paul Leitman, Project Associate 
Robert Parker, Director, Community Service Center 
Julie Foster, Grants Administrator, Community Service Center 
	
  
	
   	
  
  
  
Table of 
Contents 
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY i 
Parking demand management i 
Method and findings i 
Recommendations iii 
CHAPTER 1: BACKGROUND AND CONTEXT 1 
Parking policies 1 
Paid parking 2 
What price is best? 3 
Downtown Eugene 4 
CHAPTER 2: BUSINESS SURVEY 5 
Characteristics of respondents 5 
Perceptions of downtown parking 6 
Key findings 9 
CHAPTER 3: SURVEY OF DOWNTOWN VISITORS 11 
Downtown visitation patterns 11 
Use of downtown parking 12 
Key findings 14 
CHAPTER 4: PARKING COUNTS 17 
Weekday results 18 
Changes since 2011 20 
Saturday results 21 
Key findings 23 
CHAPTER 5: CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS 25 
Conclusions 25 
Recommendations 26 
Areas for further study 29 
APPENDICES 31 
Appendix A: Business survey invitation 31 
Appendix B: Business survey 31 
Appendix C: Intercept survey 33 
Appendix D: Weekday parking count data 35 
Appendix E: Saturday parking count data 47 
REFERENCES 59 
	
   	
  
 	
  
	
  

 	
   Searching	
  for	
  a	
  Space	
   June	
  2013	
   Page	
  |	
  i	
   
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 
	
  
This	
  report	
  evaluates	
  the	
  effects	
  of	
  a	
  free	
  2-­‐hour	
  parking	
  program	
  in	
  downtown	
  
Eugene.	
  	
  As	
  part	
  of	
  the	
  program,	
  meters	
  were	
  removed	
  from	
  a	
  12-­‐block	
  area	
  of	
  
downtown	
  in	
  October	
  2010	
  in	
  order	
  to	
  support	
  businesses,	
  encourage	
  retail	
  activity	
  
and	
  attract	
  more	
  people	
  downtown.	
  	
  This	
  report’s	
  aim	
  is	
  to	
  understand	
  if	
  the	
  
parking	
  program	
  is	
  achieving	
  its	
  intended	
  goals,	
  what	
  the	
  perceptions	
  of	
  the	
  
business	
  community	
  are	
  about	
  its	
  operation,	
  and	
  what	
  other	
  impacts	
  the	
  parking	
  
program	
  is	
  having	
  on	
  downtown.	
  	
  Results	
  from	
  a	
  survey	
  of	
  businesses,	
  a	
  survey	
  of	
  
downtown	
  visitors	
  and	
  a	
  series	
  of	
  parking	
  counts	
  were	
  used	
  to	
  help	
  answer	
  these	
  
questions.	
  
Parking demand management 
Parking	
  is	
  an	
  important	
  element	
  of	
  downtowns	
  and	
  commercial	
  areas,	
  and	
  is	
  a	
  
major	
  contributor	
  to	
  the	
  economic	
  success	
  of	
  retail	
  and	
  business	
  establishments.	
  	
  
In	
  areas	
  of	
  high	
  demand,	
  there	
  may	
  be	
  a	
  shortage	
  of	
  parking	
  spaces.	
  	
  When	
  there	
  
are	
  few	
  available	
  parking	
  spaces,	
  the	
  consequences	
  can	
  be	
  negative	
  for	
  businesses	
  
and	
  health:	
  	
  businesses	
  may	
  lose	
  customers	
  who	
  cannot	
  find	
  a	
  place	
  to	
  park	
  and	
  
may	
  chose	
  not	
  to	
  return;	
  drivers	
  waste	
  important	
  time	
  in	
  their	
  vehicles	
  searching	
  
for	
  an	
  available	
  parking	
  space;	
  drivers	
  who	
  spend	
  time	
  looking	
  for	
  a	
  space	
  increase	
  
congestion	
  and	
  emit	
  pollution.	
  
Donald	
  Shoup,	
  a	
  leading	
  expert	
  on	
  parking	
  from	
  UCLA,	
  believes	
  effective	
  pricing	
  of	
  
parking	
  is	
  the	
  best	
  method	
  to	
  address	
  parking	
  demand	
  and	
  the	
  related	
  
consequences	
  of	
  parking.	
  	
  Shoup	
  argues	
  parking	
  should	
  be	
  managed	
  as	
  a	
  private	
  
good	
  whose	
  monetary	
  value	
  will	
  reflect	
  the	
  demand	
  for	
  parking	
  spaces.	
  	
  With	
  paid	
  
parking,	
  people	
  are	
  encouraged	
  to	
  park	
  for	
  shorter	
  durations	
  or	
  park	
  in	
  a	
  location	
  
that	
  is	
  more	
  suitable	
  to	
  their	
  needs.	
  	
  Shoup	
  and	
  other	
  parking	
  experts	
  believe	
  the	
  
appropriate	
  price	
  for	
  parking	
  is	
  the	
  lowest	
  price	
  that	
  will	
  avoid	
  shortages.	
  	
  At	
  this	
  
price,	
  85	
  percent	
  of	
  spaces	
  will	
  be	
  occupied.	
  	
  The	
  remaining	
  15	
  percent	
  of	
  spaces	
  
that	
  are	
  vacant	
  ensure	
  drivers	
  can	
  always	
  find	
  a	
  parking	
  spot	
  without	
  needing	
  to	
  
circle	
  around	
  the	
  block.	
  	
  Parking	
  occupancy	
  above	
  85	
  percent	
  indicates	
  the	
  parking	
  
has	
  been	
  undervalued,	
  while	
  parking	
  occupancy	
  less	
  than	
  85	
  percent	
  indicates	
  that	
  
prices	
  are	
  too	
  high.	
  
Methods and findings 
The	
  evaluation	
  of	
  downtown	
  Eugene’s	
  parking	
  conditions	
  were	
  evaluated	
  through	
  
three	
  steps:	
  
• Survey	
  of	
  downtown	
  businesses	
  
• Survey	
  of	
  people	
  who	
  park	
  downtown	
  
• Series	
  of	
  parking	
  counts	
  
The	
  goal	
  of	
  each	
  step	
  in	
  this	
  study	
  was	
  to	
  understand	
  how	
  people	
  perceive	
  parking	
  
conditions	
  downtown,	
  what	
  they	
  like	
  and	
  dislike	
  about	
  the	
  current	
  parking	
  
situation,	
  and	
  to	
  understand	
  how	
  parking	
  conditions	
  change	
  temporally	
  and	
  
spatially	
  throughout	
  downtown.	
  
 Page	
  |	
  ii	
   	
   	
   Community	
  Planning	
  Workshop	
  
Survey of downtown businesses 
Downtown	
  Eugene	
  Inc.	
  invited	
  142	
  businesses	
  in	
  the	
  downtown	
  area	
  to	
  complete	
  a	
  
survey	
  about	
  parking	
  in	
  January	
  2013.	
  	
  Sixty-­‐two	
  surveys	
  were	
  returned	
  that	
  helped	
  
to	
  provide	
  an	
  understanding	
  of	
  what	
  the	
  business	
  community	
  is	
  concerned	
  about	
  
and	
  how	
  the	
  free	
  parking	
  has	
  impacted	
  their	
  business.	
  	
  Key	
  findings	
  from	
  this	
  
survey	
  show	
  that:	
  
1.	
   Businesses	
  are	
  concerned	
  about	
  employees	
  abusing	
  the	
  free	
  curbside	
  spaces	
  
that	
  are	
  intended	
  for	
  use	
  by	
  patrons.	
  
2.	
   Parking	
  availability	
  is	
  not	
  optimal.	
  
3.	
   Some	
  businesses	
  that	
  depend	
  on	
  parking	
  are	
  not	
  seeing	
  the	
  intended	
  impacts	
  
of	
  the	
  program	
  in	
  terms	
  of	
  increased	
  revenues	
  or	
  patronage	
  volumes.	
  
4.	
   Support	
  for	
  the	
  free	
  2-­‐hour	
  parking	
  program	
  is	
  high,	
  but	
  many	
  businesses	
  
indicated	
  it	
  is	
  not	
  working.	
  
Survey of people who park downtown 
While	
  understanding	
  the	
  concerns	
  of	
  the	
  business	
  community	
  is	
  essential,	
  it	
  is	
  also	
  
important	
  to	
  know	
  what	
  patrons	
  and	
  visitors	
  to	
  downtown	
  think	
  about	
  parking	
  
availability.	
  	
  As	
  the	
  people	
  who	
  use	
  the	
  parking	
  on	
  a	
  daily	
  basis,	
  their	
  opinions	
  and	
  
thoughts	
  are	
  necessary	
  to	
  ensure	
  the	
  parking	
  policies	
  do	
  not	
  deter	
  them	
  from	
  
coming	
  downtown.	
  	
  To	
  collect	
  opinions	
  of	
  drivers,	
  CPW	
  administered	
  a	
  13-­‐question	
  
survey	
  to	
  50	
  people	
  who	
  parked	
  their	
  car	
  within	
  the	
  2-­‐hour	
  free	
  zone	
  in	
  March	
  and	
  
April	
  2013.	
  	
  The	
  responses	
  from	
  the	
  survey	
  show	
  that:	
  
1.	
   People	
  like	
  free	
  parking	
  and	
  they	
  think	
  it	
  has	
  a	
  positive	
  impact	
  on	
  downtown.	
  
2.	
   Some	
  people	
  would	
  visit	
  downtown	
  less	
  often	
  if	
  meters	
  were	
  reintroduced.	
  
3.	
   A	
  majority	
  of	
  people	
  travel	
  downtown	
  by	
  other	
  modes,	
  indicating	
  people	
  are	
  at	
  
times	
  willing	
  to	
  come	
  downtown	
  without	
  a	
  car	
  regardless	
  of	
  the	
  incentive	
  of	
  
free	
  parking.	
  
4.	
   Drivers	
  indicated	
  they	
  stay	
  in	
  downtown	
  longer	
  than	
  the	
  parking	
  program	
  
allows.	
  
Series of parking counts 
Both	
  surveys	
  documented	
  people’s	
  perceptions	
  and	
  opinions	
  of	
  downtown	
  parking.	
  	
  
To	
  provide	
  more	
  contexts	
  about	
  the	
  actual	
  parking	
  conditions	
  CPW	
  performed	
  
parking	
  counts	
  during	
  each	
  hour	
  in	
  which	
  the	
  parking	
  meters	
  and	
  2-­‐hour	
  time	
  limits	
  
are	
  enforced.	
  	
  The	
  counts	
  were	
  conducted	
  Monday	
  through	
  Saturday	
  in	
  April	
  2013	
  
and	
  included	
  areas	
  within	
  and	
  outside	
  the	
  free	
  zone.	
  	
  The	
  parking	
  counts	
  
demonstrate	
  that:	
  
1.	
   Some	
  parking	
  areas	
  are	
  often	
  full	
  for	
  most	
  of	
  the	
  day,	
  while	
  other	
  areas	
  have	
  
availability	
  during	
  all	
  hours	
  of	
  the	
  day.	
  
2.	
   Parking	
  spaces	
  in	
  the	
  free	
  2-­‐hour	
  zone	
  were	
  consistently	
  more	
  occupied	
  than	
  
spaces	
  in	
  the	
  metered	
  zone.	
  	
  The	
  weekday	
  average	
  occupancy	
  rate	
  was	
  77	
  
percent	
  in	
  the	
  free	
  zone	
  and	
  42	
  percent	
  in	
  the	
  metered	
  zone.	
  
3.	
   Since	
  the	
  last	
  series	
  of	
  parking	
  counts	
  in	
  2011,	
  parking	
  occupancy	
  rates	
  in	
  the	
  
free	
  2-­‐hour	
  zone	
  have	
  increased	
  by	
  about	
  14	
  percentage	
  points.	
  
 	
   Searching	
  for	
  a	
  Space	
   June	
  2013	
   Page	
  |	
  iii	
   
Recommendations 
The	
  purpose	
  of	
  this	
  evaluation	
  was	
  to	
  study	
  how	
  well	
  the	
  free	
  parking	
  policy	
  is	
  
working	
  and	
  what	
  the	
  City	
  of	
  Eugene	
  can	
  do	
  to	
  ensure	
  downtown	
  businesses	
  
benefit	
  from	
  curbside	
  parking.	
  	
  Based	
  on	
  the	
  findings	
  of	
  this	
  study,	
  CPW	
  developed	
  
the	
  following	
  recommendations	
  that	
  are	
  intended	
  to	
  ensure	
  parking	
  availability	
  and	
  
efficient	
  use	
  of	
  downtown	
  parking	
  spaces:	
  
1.	
   Continue	
  to	
  evaluate	
  the	
  conditions	
  of	
  downtown	
  parking.	
  
2.	
   Create	
  performance	
  measures	
  for	
  the	
  downtown	
  parking	
  program.	
  
3.	
   Establish	
  a	
  sunset	
  provision	
  for	
  the	
  termination	
  of	
  the	
  free	
  2-­‐hour	
  zone.	
  
4.	
   Educate	
  downtown	
  employees	
  about	
  alternative	
  options	
  to	
  on-­‐street	
  parking.	
  
5.	
   Implement	
  variable	
  pricing	
  of	
  parking	
  meters	
  by	
  hour	
  and	
  location.	
  
6.	
   Use	
  meter	
  revenue	
  locally.	
  
7.	
   Develop	
  better	
  pedestrian,	
  bicycle	
  and	
  transit	
  infrastructure.	
  
	
  

 	
  

 	
   Searching	
  for	
  a	
  Space	
   June	
  2013	
   Page	
  |	
  1	
   
CHAPTER 1: BACKGROUND AND CONTEXT 
	
  
In	
  August	
  2010,	
  the	
  Eugene	
  City	
  Council	
  voted	
  to	
  remove	
  parking	
  meters	
  from	
  a	
  12-­‐
block	
  area	
  of	
  downtown	
  Eugene	
  and	
  replace	
  it	
  with	
  a	
  free	
  2-­‐hour	
  parking	
  zone	
  (City	
  
of	
  Eugene	
  2010).	
  	
  The	
  intention	
  behind	
  implementing	
  the	
  free	
  zone	
  was	
  to	
  
encourage	
  economic	
  growth	
  in	
  the	
  core	
  and	
  to	
  increase	
  community	
  access	
  to	
  the	
  
area.	
  	
  The	
  free	
  zone	
  was	
  implemented	
  in	
  October	
  2010	
  after	
  288	
  parking	
  meters	
  
were	
  removed	
  in	
  the	
  area	
  surrounded	
  by	
  7th	
  Avenue,	
  Willamette	
  Street,	
  11th	
  
Avenue	
  and	
  Lincoln	
  Street.	
  	
  Drivers	
  can	
  park	
  for	
  up	
  to	
  two	
  hours	
  in	
  this	
  zone,	
  free	
  
of	
  charge	
  from	
  7	
  AM	
  to	
  6	
  PM,	
  Monday	
  through	
  Saturday.	
  	
  All	
  other	
  parking	
  meters	
  
in	
  the	
  city	
  remained	
  in	
  place	
  and	
  are	
  still	
  enforced.	
  
The	
  free	
  parking	
  program	
  attempts	
  to	
  encourage	
  retail	
  activity	
  in	
  downtown	
  and	
  to	
  
improve	
  the	
  perception	
  of	
  downtown	
  as	
  a	
  thriving	
  commercial	
  center.	
  	
  While	
  it	
  
does	
  not	
  increase	
  availability	
  of	
  parking,	
  it	
  does	
  reduce	
  the	
  cost	
  to	
  park	
  and	
  is	
  an	
  
incentive	
  for	
  residents	
  to	
  patronize	
  downtown	
  businesses.	
  	
  Prior	
  to	
  the	
  
implementation	
  of	
  the	
  program,	
  parking	
  used	
  to	
  cost	
  75	
  cents	
  per	
  hour,	
  and	
  has	
  
since	
  increased	
  to	
  $1.00	
  per	
  hour	
  for	
  spaces	
  that	
  continue	
  to	
  be	
  metered.	
  	
  The	
  City	
  
views	
  this	
  policy	
  as	
  a	
  subsidy	
  to	
  businesses	
  and	
  hopes	
  the	
  money	
  lost	
  from	
  paid	
  
parking	
  (estimated	
  at	
  $220,000	
  annually)	
  will	
  benefit	
  the	
  downtown	
  business	
  
community.	
  (Otwell	
  2011;	
  City	
  of	
  Eugene	
  2013a)	
  
This	
  analysis	
  evaluates	
  the	
  effects	
  of	
  the	
  program	
  on	
  downtown	
  businesses	
  and	
  
parking	
  conditions.	
  	
  Its	
  aim	
  is	
  to	
  understand	
  if	
  the	
  parking	
  program	
  is	
  attracting	
  
people	
  downtown,	
  what	
  the	
  perceptions	
  of	
  the	
  business	
  community	
  are	
  about	
  its	
  
operation,	
  and	
  what	
  other	
  impacts	
  the	
  parking	
  program	
  is	
  having	
  on	
  downtown.	
  	
  
To	
  help	
  answer	
  these	
  questions,	
  this	
  parking	
  analysis	
  is	
  using	
  the	
  responses	
  from	
  
two	
  surveys	
  and	
  the	
  results	
  of	
  parking	
  counts.	
  	
  The	
  first	
  survey	
  was	
  administered	
  to	
  
downtown	
  businesses,	
  and	
  a	
  second	
  survey	
  was	
  administered	
  to	
  drivers	
  who	
  
parked	
  in	
  curbside	
  spaces	
  downtown.	
  	
  The	
  parking	
  counts	
  are	
  used	
  to	
  evaluate	
  the	
  
parking	
  occupancy	
  of	
  the	
  spaces	
  within	
  the	
  zone	
  and	
  in	
  the	
  surrounding	
  areas.	
  	
  The	
  
information	
  gathered	
  from	
  these	
  steps	
  will	
  guide	
  the	
  City	
  of	
  Eugene	
  as	
  they	
  make	
  
adjustments	
  to	
  the	
  parking	
  program.	
  
This	
  analysis	
  is	
  the	
  second	
  study	
  of	
  downtown	
  Eugene’s	
  parking	
  program;	
  Claire	
  
Otwell	
  completed	
  the	
  first	
  study	
  in	
  spring	
  2011.1	
  	
  This	
  longitudinal	
  study	
  analyzes	
  
the	
  changes	
  in	
  since	
  2011	
  and	
  is	
  intended	
  to	
  gather	
  further	
  information	
  about	
  how	
  
the	
  City’s	
  free	
  parking	
  policy	
  is	
  impacting	
  downtown	
  businesses.	
  
Parking policies 
Transportation	
  is	
  one	
  of	
  the	
  most	
  important	
  elements	
  of	
  a	
  city’s	
  urban	
  planning	
  
policies.	
  	
  Transportation	
  policy	
  usually	
  focuses	
  on	
  how	
  people	
  travel	
  between	
  two	
  
points,	
  the	
  mode	
  they	
  use,	
  their	
  routing	
  choices,	
  and	
  when	
  they	
  travel.	
  	
  In	
  the	
  
United	
  States,	
  the	
  private	
  automobile	
  is	
  the	
  most	
  common	
  tool	
  for	
  personal	
  travel.	
  	
  
	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  
1 For	
  a	
  copy	
  of	
  the	
  2011	
  report,	
  please	
  visit	
  https://scholarsbank.uoregon.edu/	
  
xmlui/bitstream/handle/1794/11688/Otwell%20DowntownParkingEval_	
  
060811.pdf 
 Page	
  |	
  2	
   	
   	
   Community	
  Planning	
  Workshop	
  
This	
  encourages	
  a	
  transportation	
  planning	
  focus	
  on	
  automobile	
  infrastructure	
  and	
  
ways	
  to	
  improve	
  traffic	
  flow	
  and	
  reduce	
  congestion.	
  	
  Often,	
  the	
  issues	
  of	
  parking	
  
receive	
  little	
  attention,	
  despite	
  it	
  being	
  one	
  of	
  the	
  essential	
  components	
  of	
  a	
  
transportation	
  system	
  dominated	
  by	
  automobiles	
  (Marsden	
  2006).	
  
Parking	
  comes	
  in	
  several	
  forms:	
  on-­‐street	
  (curbside)	
  parking,	
  off-­‐street	
  garage	
  and	
  
off-­‐street	
  surface	
  lots.	
  	
  Each	
  type	
  of	
  parking	
  serves	
  different	
  purposes	
  and	
  has	
  
various	
  benefits	
  and	
  drawbacks.	
  Childs	
  claims	
  on-­‐street	
  parking	
  plays	
  a	
  very	
  
important	
  role	
  in	
  central	
  business	
  districts	
  because	
  it	
  is	
  one	
  of	
  the	
  most	
  efficient	
  
forms	
  of	
  parking	
  by	
  cost,	
  land	
  area,	
  and	
  utilization	
  compared	
  to	
  other	
  forms	
  of	
  
parking	
  (Childs	
  1999,	
  52).	
  
Dense	
  commercial	
  areas	
  are	
  popular	
  destinations	
  for	
  many	
  people.	
  	
  A	
  combination	
  
of	
  the	
  density	
  of	
  land	
  uses	
  and	
  the	
  popularity	
  of	
  downtowns	
  lead	
  to	
  a	
  high	
  number	
  
of	
  people	
  wanting	
  to	
  park	
  in	
  a	
  relatively	
  small	
  area.	
  	
  Since	
  many	
  people	
  are	
  
unwilling	
  to	
  walk	
  long	
  distances	
  to	
  access	
  a	
  destination,	
  drivers	
  will	
  search	
  for	
  
parking	
  closest	
  to	
  where	
  they	
  want	
  to	
  go.	
  	
  This	
  combination	
  of	
  high	
  demand	
  and	
  
low	
  supply	
  can	
  create	
  parking	
  shortages.	
  	
  When	
  few	
  spaces	
  are	
  available,	
  drivers	
  
engage	
  in	
  cruising:	
  the	
  act	
  of	
  driving	
  around	
  (sometimes	
  in	
  circles)	
  looking	
  for	
  a	
  
place	
  to	
  park	
  when	
  few	
  spaces	
  are	
  available.	
  
Donald	
  Shoup	
  (a	
  professor	
  of	
  planning	
  at	
  the	
  University	
  of	
  California,	
  Los	
  Angeles	
  
and	
  one	
  of	
  the	
  leading	
  experts	
  on	
  parking	
  and	
  parking	
  policies)	
  claims	
  the	
  
consequences	
  of	
  cruising	
  are	
  detrimental	
  to	
  society.	
  	
  Cruising	
  increases	
  traffic	
  (as	
  
multiple	
  cars	
  drive	
  looking	
  for	
  available	
  locations	
  to	
  park),	
  creates	
  air	
  pollution,	
  and	
  
wastes	
  the	
  time	
  of	
  drivers	
  (Shoup	
  2011).	
  	
  In	
  an	
  analysis	
  of	
  several	
  studies	
  on	
  
cruising,	
  Shoup	
  (2011)	
  found	
  an	
  average	
  of	
  30	
  percent	
  of	
  traffic	
  in	
  a	
  central	
  
business	
  district	
  consists	
  of	
  drivers	
  looking	
  for	
  a	
  place	
  to	
  park,	
  and	
  it	
  took	
  drivers	
  an	
  
average	
  of	
  8	
  minutes	
  to	
  find	
  that	
  parking	
  space.	
  
Paid parking 
Shoup	
  argues	
  that	
  parking	
  is	
  difficult	
  to	
  find	
  in	
  dense,	
  high-­‐demand	
  areas	
  because	
  
it	
  is	
  treated	
  as	
  a	
  public	
  good.	
  	
  The	
  spaces	
  are	
  located	
  in	
  a	
  public	
  right-­‐of-­‐way	
  and	
  
are	
  often	
  underpriced.	
  	
  Shoup	
  believes	
  on-­‐street	
  spaces	
  should	
  be	
  managed	
  as	
  
private	
  goods	
  with	
  fair-­‐market	
  prices	
  (Shoup	
  2011).	
  	
  This	
  involves	
  pricing	
  parking	
  at	
  
a	
  rate	
  that	
  “will	
  balance	
  the	
  demand	
  for	
  parking—which	
  varies	
  over	
  time—with	
  the	
  
fixed	
  supply	
  of	
  curb	
  spaces”	
  (Shoup	
  2011,	
  297).	
  	
  By	
  using	
  this	
  pricing	
  strategy,	
  
drivers	
  can	
  always	
  expect	
  to	
  find	
  available	
  parking.	
  
The	
  first	
  parking	
  meters	
  were	
  installed	
  in	
  July	
  1935	
  in	
  Oklahoma	
  City.	
  	
  For	
  years,	
  
there	
  were	
  time	
  limits	
  on	
  parked	
  vehicles	
  to	
  encourage	
  turnover.	
  	
  Cars	
  that	
  parked	
  
too	
  long	
  were	
  ticketed.	
  	
  Because	
  this	
  method	
  was	
  inefficient	
  and	
  time-­‐consuming,	
  
a	
  device	
  was	
  invented	
  that	
  would	
  monitor	
  the	
  time	
  each	
  person	
  was	
  parked.	
  	
  This	
  
new	
  device	
  –	
  the	
  parking	
  meter	
  –	
  was	
  operated	
  by	
  coin	
  and	
  effectively	
  operated	
  as	
  
a	
  renting	
  mechanism	
  for	
  curbside	
  parking	
  spaces.	
  	
  The	
  impacts	
  of	
  these	
  meters,	
  
according	
  to	
  an	
  Oklahoma	
  historian,	
  were	
  immediate.	
  	
  People	
  patronizing	
  
businesses	
  used	
  the	
  curbside	
  spaces	
  for	
  short	
  periods	
  of	
  time,	
  ensuring	
  available	
  
spaces	
  for	
  the	
  next	
  person	
  who	
  wanted	
  to	
  park.	
  	
  Areas	
  of	
  Oklahoma	
  City	
  without	
  
the	
  meters	
  continued	
  to	
  be	
  congested	
  and	
  overused	
  (Shoup	
  2011,	
  380)	
  	
  
 	
   Searching	
  for	
  a	
  Space	
   June	
  2013	
   Page	
  |	
  3	
   
This	
  historical	
  piece	
  of	
  information	
  presents	
  a	
  good	
  example	
  for	
  how	
  paid	
  parking	
  
can	
  have	
  positive	
  impacts	
  on	
  parking	
  availability.	
  	
  The	
  intention	
  of	
  using	
  market	
  
prices	
  on	
  parking	
  spaces	
  is	
  to	
  create	
  curb	
  vacancies,	
  increase	
  parking	
  turnover,	
  
reduce	
  cruising,	
  and	
  attract	
  patrons	
  who	
  would	
  have	
  avoided	
  the	
  area	
  because	
  of	
  
limited	
  parking.	
  	
  The	
  idea	
  is	
  that	
  parking	
  will	
  not	
  be	
  free,	
  but	
  will	
  always	
  be	
  
available	
  and	
  convenient	
  (Shoup	
  2011,	
  399).	
  
While	
  this	
  seems	
  intuitive	
  for	
  economists,	
  many	
  businesses	
  and	
  local	
  policy	
  makers	
  
are	
  wary	
  of	
  charging	
  for	
  what	
  is	
  commonly	
  considered	
  a	
  public	
  good.	
  	
  Decision-­‐
makers	
  need	
  to	
  strike	
  a	
  balance	
  between	
  policies	
  that	
  bring	
  in	
  revenue	
  and	
  
regulate	
  parking	
  demand,	
  and	
  policies	
  that	
  don’t	
  keep	
  people	
  from	
  visiting	
  an	
  area	
  
and	
  patronizing	
  businesses	
  because	
  parking	
  is	
  too	
  crowded	
  or	
  too	
  expensive	
  
(Shoup	
  2011;	
  Marsden	
  2006,	
  3).	
  
What price is best? 
Shoup	
  claims	
  the	
  correct	
  price	
  for	
  parking	
  is	
  the	
  lowest	
  price	
  that	
  will	
  avoid	
  
shortages.	
  	
  This	
  means	
  that	
  parking	
  should	
  be	
  expensive	
  enough	
  to	
  leave	
  some	
  
spaces	
  available	
  at	
  all	
  times,	
  but	
  cheap	
  enough	
  so	
  that	
  people	
  can	
  still	
  use	
  the	
  
parking	
  for	
  the	
  amount	
  of	
  time	
  that	
  they	
  need.	
  	
  Since	
  parking	
  demand	
  is	
  different	
  
on	
  each	
  block,	
  there	
  is	
  no	
  single	
  price	
  for	
  parking	
  that	
  can	
  be	
  applied	
  to	
  ensure	
  this	
  
level	
  of	
  availability.	
  	
  Shoup	
  and	
  other	
  parking	
  experts	
  recommend	
  cities	
  price	
  curb	
  
spaces	
  so	
  that	
  15	
  percent	
  of	
  spaces	
  will	
  remain	
  vacant.	
  	
  This	
  is	
  believed	
  to	
  be	
  the	
  
optimally	
  efficient	
  level	
  to	
  maximize	
  use	
  of	
  spaces	
  while	
  still	
  ensuring	
  people	
  can	
  
readily	
  find	
  available	
  parking	
  spaces.	
  	
  Shoup	
  says	
  this	
  level	
  of	
  availability	
  
“eliminates	
  the	
  need	
  to	
  cruise,	
  and	
  a	
  few	
  spaces	
  will	
  generally	
  be	
  vacant	
  within	
  a	
  
block	
  or	
  two	
  from	
  any	
  point”	
  (Shoup	
  2011,	
  297).	
  
Areas	
  with	
  high	
  demand	
  and	
  high	
  occupancy	
  will	
  be	
  charged	
  at	
  a	
  higher	
  rate	
  than	
  
other	
  areas.	
  	
  People	
  who	
  place	
  a	
  higher	
  value	
  on	
  their	
  time	
  and	
  the	
  location	
  are	
  
more	
  willing	
  to	
  pay	
  a	
  higher	
  rate	
  to	
  park	
  there.	
  	
  People	
  who	
  cannot	
  afford	
  higher	
  
demand	
  areas	
  are	
  able	
  to	
  park	
  further	
  away	
  in	
  areas	
  they	
  can	
  afford,	
  or	
  to	
  use	
  
other	
  transportation	
  modes.	
  	
  Shoup	
  says	
  this	
  optimal	
  price	
  for	
  parking	
  has	
  three	
  
main	
  effects	
  (Shoup	
  2011,	
  399):	
  
1. People	
  can	
  find	
  a	
  parking	
  space	
  with	
  little	
  to	
  no	
  cruising.	
  
2. Paying	
  for	
  parking	
  encourages	
  people	
  to	
  park	
  for	
  shorter	
  durations,	
  which	
  
Increases	
  the	
  turnover	
  rate.	
  
3. Drivers	
  are	
  more	
  likely	
  to	
  carpool	
  to	
  split	
  the	
  cost	
  of	
  parking.	
  
This	
  system	
  of	
  pricing	
  is	
  designed	
  to	
  allocate	
  curb	
  spaces	
  efficiently	
  rather	
  than	
  
maximizing	
  revenue.	
  	
  While	
  it	
  requires	
  cities	
  to	
  monitor	
  the	
  parking	
  occupancy	
  and	
  
to	
  make	
  adjustments	
  to	
  pricing	
  by	
  time	
  and	
  location,	
  it	
  ensures	
  the	
  constant	
  
availability	
  of	
  parking.	
  	
  Businesses	
  can	
  benefit	
  from	
  this	
  availability	
  by	
  knowing	
  
their	
  customers	
  can	
  always	
  find	
  a	
  parking	
  space	
  nearby.	
  	
  People	
  who	
  require	
  
parking	
  for	
  short	
  periods	
  of	
  time	
  only	
  need	
  to	
  pay	
  a	
  small	
  amount	
  (Shoup	
  2011).	
  
Shoup	
  recommends	
  the	
  revenue	
  collected	
  from	
  parking	
  meters	
  be	
  reinvested	
  in	
  
the	
  area	
  where	
  the	
  parking	
  meters	
  are	
  located.	
  	
  Because	
  implementing	
  paid	
  
parking,	
  or	
  increasing	
  the	
  rate	
  people	
  need	
  to	
  park,	
  can	
  be	
  controversial	
  or	
  
politically	
  difficult,	
  Shoup	
  believes	
  the	
  additional	
  money	
  collected	
  from	
  the	
  meters	
  
 Page	
  |	
  4	
   	
   	
   Community	
  Planning	
  Workshop	
  
should	
  support	
  infrastructure,	
  programs	
  and	
  public	
  services	
  in	
  the	
  neighborhood.	
  	
  
Shoup	
  believes	
  the	
  money	
  can	
  fund	
  sidewalk	
  repairs,	
  street	
  cleaning,	
  landscaping,	
  
the	
  local	
  downtown	
  association,	
  or	
  even	
  large	
  capital	
  projects	
  (Shoup	
  2011).	
  
Downtown Eugene 
In	
  the	
  past	
  few	
  years,	
  downtown	
  Eugene	
  has	
  seen	
  considerable	
  new	
  growth	
  that	
  
signals	
  a	
  reemergence	
  of	
  Eugene’s	
  commercial	
  center.	
  	
  Since	
  2011,	
  a	
  few	
  new	
  
buildings	
  have	
  been	
  built,	
  renovated,	
  are	
  under	
  construction	
  or	
  are	
  in	
  the	
  planning	
  
stages.	
  	
  The	
  Broadway	
  Commerce	
  Center,	
  the	
  Lane	
  Community	
  College	
  Downtown	
  
Campus,	
  the	
  Woolworth	
  Building,	
  the	
  Wayne	
  L.	
  Morse	
  Federal	
  Courthouse	
  and	
  the	
  
Inn	
  at	
  the	
  5th	
  are	
  some	
  of	
  the	
  more	
  prominent	
  buildings	
  recently	
  built	
  downtown.	
  	
  
The	
  construction	
  of	
  these	
  buildings	
  signals	
  a	
  change	
  in	
  how	
  people	
  perceive	
  
downtown.	
  	
  For	
  many	
  years,	
  two	
  pits	
  in	
  downtown	
  signaled	
  a	
  stalled	
  economy	
  and	
  
were	
  metaphors	
  for	
  how	
  downtown	
  had	
  become	
  neglected	
  (City	
  of	
  Eugene	
  2013c).	
  
With	
  the	
  recent	
  wave	
  of	
  new	
  investment,	
  the	
  heart	
  of	
  Eugene	
  has	
  been	
  evolving	
  
and	
  people	
  are	
  becoming	
  more	
  optimistic	
  about	
  its	
  future.	
  	
  This	
  is	
  indicated	
  in	
  the	
  
amount	
  of	
  new	
  developments	
  that	
  have	
  been	
  proposed	
  or	
  are	
  under	
  construction.	
  	
  
The	
  old	
  First	
  National	
  Bank	
  Building	
  is	
  undergoing	
  renovations	
  and	
  will	
  open	
  with	
  a	
  
new	
  movie	
  theater,	
  food	
  and	
  drinking	
  establishments	
  and	
  19	
  apartments;	
  land	
  was	
  
recently	
  purchased	
  from	
  the	
  City	
  for	
  a	
  future	
  expansion	
  of	
  the	
  Shedd	
  Institute;	
  and	
  
there	
  are	
  plans	
  for	
  a	
  new	
  mixed-­‐use	
  development	
  at	
  6th	
  Avenue	
  and	
  Oak	
  Street	
  
with	
  housing,	
  retail	
  and	
  a	
  grocery	
  store.	
  	
  The	
  13th	
  &	
  Olive	
  Apartments	
  (commonly	
  
referred	
  to	
  by	
  the	
  name	
  of	
  its	
  developer,	
  Capstone)	
  are	
  one	
  of	
  the	
  largest	
  projects	
  
in	
  downtown	
  Eugene.	
  	
  At	
  the	
  time	
  of	
  writing,	
  it	
  was	
  expected	
  to	
  open	
  in	
  fall	
  2013	
  
and	
  will	
  have	
  almost	
  400	
  apartments	
  once	
  both	
  phases	
  are	
  completed	
  by	
  fall	
  2014	
  
(Buri	
  McDonald	
  2013;	
  Russo	
  2013a;	
  Russo	
  2013b;	
  Wihtol	
  2013).	
  
With	
  all	
  this	
  growth	
  comes	
  the	
  concern	
  about	
  parking	
  supply	
  and	
  demand.	
  	
  The	
  
free	
  parking	
  policy	
  was	
  meant	
  to	
  act	
  as	
  support	
  for	
  businesses	
  and	
  a	
  catalyst	
  for	
  
downtown	
  growth.	
  	
  Downtown	
  has	
  reached	
  a	
  point	
  where	
  there	
  is	
  significant	
  
momentum	
  in	
  the	
  development	
  of	
  downtown.	
  	
  The	
  present	
  condition	
  of	
  downtown	
  
is	
  a	
  good	
  time	
  for	
  the	
  City	
  to	
  review	
  its	
  parking	
  policy.	
  	
  City	
  of	
  Eugene	
  staff	
  and	
  
decision-­‐makers	
  will	
  use	
  the	
  following	
  sections	
  of	
  this	
  report	
  to	
  inform	
  them	
  as	
  
they	
  evaluate	
  the	
  current	
  parking	
  program	
  and	
  propose	
  what	
  modifications,	
  if	
  any,	
  
to	
  enact.	
  
 	
   Searching	
  for	
  a	
  Space	
   June	
  2013	
   Page	
  |	
  5	
   
CHAPTER 2:  BUSINESS SURVEY 
	
  
In	
  January	
  and	
  February	
  2013,	
  Downtown	
  Eugene	
  Inc.	
  sent	
  e-­‐mails	
  to	
  142	
  
businesses	
  in	
  downtown	
  Eugene	
  asking	
  for	
  them	
  to	
  complete	
  a	
  survey	
  about	
  
parking	
  in	
  downtown.	
  	
  The	
  purpose	
  of	
  the	
  survey	
  was	
  to	
  understand	
  the	
  thoughts	
  
of	
  the	
  business	
  community	
  about	
  parking	
  and	
  understand	
  what	
  impacts	
  the	
  parking	
  
policy	
  in	
  downtown	
  has	
  had	
  on	
  the	
  businesses.	
  	
  A	
  total	
  of	
  62	
  partially	
  or	
  fully	
  
completed	
  surveys	
  were	
  received,	
  representing	
  a	
  44	
  percent	
  response	
  rate.	
  	
  It	
  
should	
  be	
  noted	
  that	
  this	
  survey	
  was	
  administered	
  to	
  businesses	
  within	
  and	
  outside	
  
the	
  free	
  2-­‐hour	
  zone.	
  	
  No	
  question	
  was	
  included	
  to	
  determine	
  which	
  respondents	
  
were	
  in	
  the	
  zone	
  or	
  not.	
  	
  For	
  a	
  copy	
  of	
  the	
  e-­‐mail	
  and	
  the	
  survey,	
  see	
  Appendices	
  A	
  
and	
  B.	
  
Characteristics of respondents 
Many	
  types	
  of	
  businesses	
  in	
  the	
  downtown	
  area	
  completed	
  the	
  survey.	
  	
  The	
  largest	
  
types	
  of	
  business	
  that	
  participated	
  in	
  the	
  survey	
  were	
  retail	
  establishments,	
  
followed	
  by	
  professional	
  services	
  (Table	
  1).	
  	
  Retail	
  establishments	
  include	
  shops,	
  
clothing	
  stores	
  and	
  bookstores.	
  	
  Professional	
  services	
  include	
  offices	
  for	
  law	
  firms,	
  
architectural	
  firms,	
  design	
  services,	
  consulting	
  services,	
  etc.	
  	
  Four	
  businesses	
  
selected	
  “other”	
  as	
  their	
  industry	
  and	
  wrote	
  either	
  “restaurant”	
  or	
  “food	
  services”	
  
to	
  describe	
  their	
  business.	
  	
  These	
  restaurant	
  and	
  food	
  service	
  businesses,	
  in	
  
addition	
  to	
  businesses	
  in	
  the	
  retail	
  and	
  arts/	
  entertainment/recreation	
  industries	
  
are	
  the	
  types	
  of	
  establishments	
  that	
  depend	
  on	
  available	
  parking	
  spaces	
  for	
  their	
  
patrons.	
  	
  These	
  businesses	
  represent	
  almost	
  half	
  of	
  the	
  respondents	
  to	
  the	
  survey.	
  	
  
These	
  industries	
  are	
  referred	
  to	
  collectively	
  as	
  retail,	
  food	
  and	
  entertainment.	
  	
  Of	
  
the	
  people	
  who	
  completed	
  the	
  survey,	
  the	
  majority	
  were	
  business	
  owners	
  and	
  
managers,	
  representing	
  93	
  percent	
  of	
  the	
  respondents	
  (Table	
  2).	
  
Table	
  1.	
  Industry	
  sectors	
  represented	
  
Industry	
   Number	
   Percentage	
  
Retail	
   23	
   38%	
  
Professional	
  services	
  	
   11	
   18%	
  
Arts,	
  entertainment	
  and	
  recreation	
   6	
   10%	
  
Real	
  estate	
   5	
   8%	
  
Finance	
  and	
  insurance	
   5	
   8%	
  
Social	
  services	
   1	
   2%	
  
Other	
   9	
   15%	
  
Total	
   60	
   100%	
  
Source:	
  Eugene	
  Downtown	
  Business	
  Parking	
  Survey,	
  February	
  2013	
  
Table	
  2.	
  Business	
  positions	
  represented	
  
Position	
   Number	
   Percentage	
  
Business	
  owner	
   37	
   64%	
  
Manager	
   17	
   29%	
  
Property	
  owner	
   4	
   7%	
  
Total	
   58	
   100%	
  
Source:	
  Eugene	
  Downtown	
  Business	
  Parking	
  Survey,	
  February	
  2013	
  
 Page	
  |	
  6	
   	
   	
   Community	
  Planning	
  Workshop	
  
The	
  majority	
  of	
  businesses	
  (27	
  percent)	
  estimated	
  they	
  have	
  between	
  20	
  and	
  50	
  
patrons	
  in	
  an	
  average	
  day.	
  	
  This	
  was	
  followed	
  by	
  businesses	
  that	
  have	
  between	
  5	
  
and	
  10	
  patrons	
  each	
  day	
  (18	
  percent).	
  	
  For	
  employment,	
  most	
  survey	
  respondents	
  
were	
  small	
  businesses	
  with	
  few	
  employees.	
  	
  Sixty-­‐five	
  percent	
  of	
  the	
  responses	
  
were	
  from	
  businesses	
  with	
  10	
  or	
  fewer	
  employees.	
  
Perceptions of downtown parking 
When	
  asked	
  about	
  how	
  they	
  perceive	
  the	
  availability	
  of	
  parking	
  downtown,	
  most	
  
businesses	
  had	
  a	
  favorable	
  assessment	
  of	
  parking	
  conditions	
  (Table	
  3).	
  	
  More	
  than	
  
half	
  (62	
  percent)	
  of	
  the	
  respondents	
  believe	
  spaces	
  are	
  sometimes	
  available,	
  and	
  
only	
  8	
  percent	
  think	
  spaces	
  are	
  always	
  available.	
  	
  A	
  considerable	
  share	
  of	
  the	
  
respondents	
  (30	
  percent)	
  thought	
  spaces	
  were	
  rarely	
  available.	
  	
  When	
  broken	
  
down	
  by	
  industry,	
  businesses	
  in	
  the	
  retail,	
  food	
  and	
  entertainment	
  sectors	
  more	
  
strongly	
  believed	
  spaces	
  were	
  sometimes	
  available,	
  with	
  a	
  smaller	
  share	
  believing	
  
spaces	
  are	
  always	
  or	
  rarely	
  available.	
  
Table	
  3.	
  Business	
  perceptions	
  of	
  parking	
  space	
  availability	
  
Availability	
  
Retail,	
  food	
  and	
  entertainment	
   All	
  Respondents	
  
Number	
   Percentage	
   Number	
   Percentage	
  
Always	
   1	
   3%	
   5	
   8%	
  
Sometimes	
   23	
   70%	
   38	
   62%	
  
Rarely	
   9	
   27%	
   18	
   30%	
  
Total	
   33	
   100%	
   61	
   100%	
  
Source:	
  Eugene	
  Downtown	
  Business	
  Parking	
  Survey,	
  February	
  2013	
  
Overall,	
  the	
  general	
  perception	
  of	
  the	
  free	
  on-­‐street	
  parking	
  program	
  among	
  
businesses	
  is	
  mixed	
  (Table	
  4).	
  	
  In	
  response	
  to	
  a	
  question	
  about	
  how	
  neighboring	
  
businesses	
  use	
  “their	
  fair	
  share”	
  of	
  on-­‐street	
  parking,	
  most	
  were	
  unsure	
  (44	
  
percent),	
  with	
  a	
  third	
  believing	
  businesses	
  were	
  not	
  using	
  more	
  of	
  their	
  share	
  (32	
  
percent).	
  	
  As	
  for	
  whether	
  downtown	
  employees	
  were	
  parking	
  on	
  the	
  street,	
  there	
  
was	
  no	
  clear	
  consensus	
  (Table	
  5).	
  	
  Forty-­‐three	
  percent	
  believed	
  employees	
  were	
  
parking	
  on	
  the	
  street,	
  30	
  percent	
  were	
  not	
  sure,	
  and	
  27	
  percent	
  did	
  not	
  think	
  
employees	
  were	
  parking	
  on	
  the	
  street.	
  
Table	
  4.	
  Businesses	
  use	
  more	
  than	
  their	
  fair	
  share	
  of	
  on-­‐street	
  parking	
  
Response	
   Number	
   Percentage	
  
Agree	
   15	
   24%	
  
Not	
  sure	
   27	
   44%	
  
Disagree	
   20	
   32%	
  
Total	
   62	
   100%	
  
Source:	
  Eugene	
  Downtown	
  Business	
  Parking	
  Survey,	
  February	
  2013	
  
Table	
  5.	
  Employees	
  use	
  on-­‐street	
  parking	
  
Response	
   Number	
   Percentage	
  
Agree	
   26	
   43%	
  
Not	
  sure	
   18	
   30%	
  
Disagree	
   16	
   27%	
  
Total	
   60	
   100%	
  
Source:	
  Eugene	
  Downtown	
  Business	
  Parking	
  Survey,	
  February	
  2013	
  
 	
   Searching	
  for	
  a	
  Space	
   June	
  2013	
   Page	
  |	
  7	
   
In	
  terms	
  of	
  the	
  impact	
  of	
  the	
  2-­‐hour	
  free	
  parking	
  program	
  (Table	
  6),	
  the	
  majority	
  of	
  
the	
  businesses	
  (51	
  percent)	
  believe	
  it	
  is	
  working	
  “somewhat,”	
  with	
  the	
  remaining	
  
49	
  percent	
  evenly	
  split	
  in	
  terms	
  of	
  working	
  well	
  or	
  not	
  at	
  all.	
  	
  When	
  broken	
  down	
  
by	
  sector,	
  businesses	
  in	
  the	
  retail,	
  food	
  and	
  entertainment	
  industry	
  are	
  more	
  likely	
  
to	
  rate	
  the	
  2-­‐hour	
  free	
  parking	
  program	
  as	
  not	
  working	
  well.	
  	
  Thirty-­‐four	
  percent	
  
consider	
  the	
  program	
  to	
  not	
  be	
  working	
  well,	
  while	
  overall	
  only	
  a	
  quarter	
  of	
  
businesses	
  believe	
  it	
  is	
  not	
  working	
  well.	
  
Table	
  6.	
  How	
  well	
  the	
  2-­‐hour	
  free	
  parking	
  program	
  works	
  
Response	
   Retail,	
  food	
  and	
  entertainment	
   All	
  respondents	
  Number	
   Percentage	
   Number	
   Percentage	
  
Well	
   5	
   17%	
   13	
   24%	
  
Somewhat	
   14	
   48%	
   28	
   51%	
  
Not	
  working	
   10	
   34%	
   14	
   25%	
  
Total	
   29	
   100%	
   55	
   100%	
  
Source:	
  Eugene	
  Downtown	
  Business	
  Parking	
  Survey,	
  February	
  2013	
  
The	
  survey	
  gave	
  respondents	
  the	
  opportunity	
  to	
  explain	
  their	
  rating	
  with	
  an	
  open-­‐
ended	
  question.	
  	
  Twenty-­‐nine	
  respondents	
  used	
  this	
  opportunity	
  to	
  provide	
  extra	
  
feedback	
  about	
  their	
  thoughts	
  of	
  downtown	
  parking	
  (Table	
  7).	
  	
  The	
  most	
  common	
  
issue	
  mentioned	
  by	
  these	
  respondents	
  is	
  that	
  employees	
  abuse	
  the	
  free	
  parking.	
  	
  
Ten	
  people	
  mentioned	
  this	
  issue,	
  often	
  adding	
  these	
  employees	
  move	
  their	
  
vehicles	
  every	
  two	
  hours	
  to	
  avoid	
  being	
  ticketed.	
  	
  The	
  next	
  most	
  common	
  remark	
  
(shared	
  by	
  seven	
  individuals)	
  is	
  that	
  free	
  parking	
  should	
  be	
  available	
  throughout	
  all	
  
of	
  downtown.	
  	
  Five	
  people	
  indicated	
  that	
  finding	
  parking	
  spaces	
  in	
  downtown	
  
Eugene	
  is	
  difficult.	
  	
  The	
  remaining	
  comments	
  are	
  statements	
  supporting	
  or	
  
opposing	
  free	
  parking,	
  comments	
  about	
  enforcement,	
  and	
  general	
  parking	
  
comments.	
  
Table	
  7.	
  Comments	
  about	
  the	
  parking	
  program	
  
Issue	
   Frequency	
  
Employees	
  abuse	
  the	
  free	
  parking	
  
high	
  
10	
  
All	
  of	
  downtown	
  should	
  have	
  free	
  parking	
   7	
  
It	
  is	
  difficult	
  to	
  find	
  available	
  parking	
  spaces	
   5	
  
Support	
  for	
  metered	
  parking	
  
medium	
  
4	
  
Needs	
  more	
  strict	
  enforcement	
   3	
  
Free	
  parking	
  attracts	
  customers	
   3	
  
Downtown	
  needs	
  more	
  parking	
   3	
  
There	
  should	
  be	
  less	
  enforcement	
  
low	
  
2	
  
Support	
  for	
  free	
  parking	
   2	
  
People	
  do	
  not	
  know	
  about	
  the	
  parking	
  garages	
   1	
  
Parking	
  meters	
  ensure	
  availability	
  of	
  spaces	
   1	
  
Parking	
  meters	
  are	
  too	
  expensive	
   1	
  
Confusion	
  about	
  free	
  zone	
  boundaries	
   1	
  
Source:	
  Eugene	
  Downtown	
  Business	
  Parking	
  Survey,	
  February	
  2013	
  
When	
  asked	
  about	
  their	
  position	
  on	
  the	
  parking	
  program,	
  67	
  percent	
  of	
  all	
  
respondents	
  support	
  the	
  program	
  (Table	
  8).	
  	
  A	
  greater	
  share	
  –	
  almost	
  80	
  percent	
  –	
  
of	
  businesses	
  in	
  the	
  retail,	
  food	
  and	
  entertainment	
  sector	
  support	
  the	
  program.	
  	
  
Despite	
  this	
  broad	
  support,	
  very	
  few	
  of	
  the	
  businesses	
  indicated	
  the	
  free	
  2-­‐hour	
  
 Page	
  |	
  8	
   	
   	
   Community	
  Planning	
  Workshop	
  
parking	
  was	
  a	
  contributing	
  factor	
  in	
  a	
  change	
  in	
  their	
  sales	
  revenue	
  (Table	
  9).	
  	
  Only	
  
17	
  percent	
  of	
  businesses	
  believed	
  the	
  parking	
  program	
  had	
  a	
  lot	
  or	
  some	
  impact,	
  
with	
  59	
  percent	
  believing	
  it	
  had	
  no	
  impact	
  at	
  all.	
  	
  Of	
  the	
  businesses	
  in	
  the	
  retail,	
  
food	
  and	
  entertainment	
  sector,	
  42	
  percent	
  did	
  not	
  think	
  the	
  free	
  parking	
  had	
  any	
  
impact,	
  but	
  about	
  58	
  percent	
  believe	
  it	
  had	
  some	
  or	
  a	
  little	
  impact	
  on	
  their	
  
revenue.	
  
Table	
  8.	
  Position	
  on	
  the	
  free	
  parking	
  program	
  
Response	
   Retail,	
  food	
  and	
  entertainment	
   All	
  respondents	
  Number	
   Percentage	
   Number	
   Percentage	
  
Support	
   25	
   78%	
   41	
   67%	
  
Oppose	
   5	
   16%	
   13	
   21%	
  
Not	
  sure	
   2	
   6%	
   7	
   12%	
  
Total	
   32	
   100%	
   61	
   100%	
  
Source:	
  Eugene	
  Downtown	
  Business	
  Parking	
  Survey,	
  February	
  2013	
  
Table	
  9.	
  Contribution	
  of	
  free	
  parking	
  program	
  to	
  increased	
  revenue	
  
Response	
   Retail,	
  food	
  and	
  entertainment	
   All	
  respondents	
  Number	
   Percentage	
   Number	
   Percentage	
  
Not	
  at	
  all	
   10	
   42%	
   27	
   59%	
  
A	
  little	
  bit	
   9	
   38%	
   11	
   24%	
  
Some	
   5	
   21%	
   7	
   15%	
  
A	
  lot	
   0	
   0%	
   1	
   2%	
  
Total	
   24	
   100%	
   46	
   100%	
  
Source:	
  Eugene	
  Downtown	
  Business	
  Parking	
  Survey,	
  February	
  2013	
  
Another	
  variable	
  that	
  demonstrates	
  how	
  effective	
  the	
  free	
  2-­‐hour	
  parking	
  has	
  been	
  
in	
  supporting	
  businesses	
  is	
  the	
  number	
  of	
  patrons	
  that	
  come	
  into	
  the	
  businesses.	
  	
  
The	
  survey	
  asked	
  businesses	
  to	
  estimate	
  how	
  much	
  patron	
  volume	
  has	
  changed	
  in	
  
the	
  past	
  two	
  years.	
  	
  Overall,	
  most	
  businesses	
  say	
  patronage	
  volume	
  has	
  increased	
  
or	
  stayed	
  the	
  same.	
  	
  For	
  retail,	
  food	
  and	
  entertainment	
  establishments,	
  an	
  almost	
  
equal	
  share	
  of	
  businesses	
  noted	
  increased	
  patronage.	
  	
  But,	
  the	
  patronage	
  volumes	
  
decreased	
  for	
  27	
  percent	
  of	
  these	
  businesses,	
  while	
  only	
  17	
  percent	
  of	
  all	
  
businesses	
  saw	
  decreased	
  patronage.	
  
Table	
  10.	
  Change	
  in	
  patron	
  volume	
  in	
  the	
  past	
  two	
  years	
  
Response	
   Retail,	
  food	
  and	
  entertainment	
   All	
  respondents	
  Number	
   Percentage	
   Number	
   Percentage	
  
Increased	
  significantly	
   3	
   9%	
   6	
   10%	
  
Increased	
  slightly	
   14	
   42%	
   26	
   43%	
  
Stayed	
  the	
  same	
   7	
   21%	
   18	
   30%	
  
Decreased	
  slightly	
   4	
   12%	
   5	
   8%	
  
Decreased	
  significantly	
   5	
   15%	
   5	
   8%	
  
Total	
   33	
   100%	
   60	
   100%	
  
Source:	
  Eugene	
  Downtown	
  Business	
  Parking	
  Survey,	
  February	
  2013	
  
The	
  majority	
  of	
  survey	
  respondents	
  (89	
  percent)	
  estimate	
  an	
  average	
  customer	
  on	
  
a	
  typical	
  visit	
  parks	
  for	
  less	
  than	
  two	
  hours.	
  	
  In	
  terms	
  of	
  the	
  location	
  of	
  where	
  they	
  
park,	
  55	
  percent	
  of	
  the	
  respondents	
  indicated	
  their	
  customers	
  park	
  on	
  the	
  street,	
  
 	
   Searching	
  for	
  a	
  Space	
   June	
  2013	
   Page	
  |	
  9	
   
25	
  percent	
  indicated	
  they	
  park	
  in	
  an	
  off-­‐street	
  garage	
  or	
  lot,	
  with	
  the	
  remaining	
  20	
  
percent	
  using	
  private	
  off-­‐street	
  parking.	
  
Key findings 
The	
  results	
  of	
  this	
  survey	
  point	
  to	
  important	
  information	
  about	
  how	
  the	
  parking	
  
program	
  is	
  working.	
  	
  These	
  findings	
  are	
  as	
  follows:	
  
1. Businesses are concerned about employee parking. 
The	
  intention	
  of	
  implementing	
  a	
  time	
  limit	
  on	
  parking	
  is	
  to	
  encourage	
  turnover	
  of	
  
vehicles	
  and	
  to	
  ensure	
  patrons	
  and	
  visitors	
  can	
  easily	
  find	
  a	
  parking	
  space.	
  	
  
Employees	
  need	
  places	
  to	
  park	
  during	
  an	
  entire	
  day	
  and	
  this	
  all-­‐day	
  parking	
  need	
  is	
  
incompatible	
  with	
  high	
  turnover	
  rates.	
  	
  Downtown	
  business	
  managers	
  perceive	
  
that	
  many	
  employees	
  use	
  the	
  free	
  parking	
  and	
  choose	
  to	
  move	
  their	
  car	
  every	
  two	
  
hours.	
  	
  A	
  significant	
  share	
  of	
  respondents	
  to	
  the	
  survey	
  believed	
  employees	
  were	
  
parking	
  in	
  the	
  free	
  curbside	
  spaces,	
  and	
  the	
  most	
  common	
  open-­‐ended	
  comment	
  
was	
  about	
  the	
  abuse	
  by	
  employees	
  of	
  the	
  free	
  parking.	
  
2. Businesses do not believe parking availability is optimal. 
One	
  open	
  parking	
  space	
  on	
  each	
  block	
  is	
  a	
  sign	
  of	
  a	
  healthy	
  downtown.	
  	
  Without	
  
available	
  parking	
  spaces	
  at	
  all	
  times	
  of	
  the	
  day,	
  patrons	
  and	
  downtown	
  visitors	
  
have	
  a	
  hard	
  time	
  finding	
  a	
  place	
  to	
  park,	
  choose	
  to	
  cruise	
  and	
  may	
  decide	
  not	
  to	
  
return.	
  	
  This	
  negatively	
  impacts	
  businesses	
  that	
  lose	
  out	
  on	
  potential	
  customers	
  
and	
  revenue.	
  	
  Unfortunately,	
  most	
  businesses	
  that	
  answered	
  the	
  survey	
  believe	
  
spaces	
  are	
  sometimes	
  or	
  rarely	
  available.	
  	
  Very	
  few	
  businesses	
  believed	
  spaces	
  
were	
  always	
  available.	
  
	
  
3. Some businesses that depend on parking are not seeing the 
intended impacts of the program. 
The	
  intention	
  of	
  the	
  free	
  parking	
  program	
  was	
  to	
  support	
  businesses	
  and	
  attract	
  
more	
  people	
  downtown.	
  	
  Two	
  and	
  a	
  half	
  years	
  after	
  its	
  implementations,	
  most	
  
businesses	
  have	
  not	
  seen	
  this	
  positive	
  impact.	
  	
  In	
  addition	
  to	
  a	
  generally	
  negative	
  
perception	
  of	
  the	
  program’s	
  effectiveness,	
  about	
  half	
  of	
  all	
  businesses	
  have	
  not	
  
seen	
  increased	
  patronage	
  volume.	
  	
  And	
  greater	
  numbers	
  of	
  businesses	
  have	
  seen	
  
little	
  to	
  no	
  positive	
  revenue	
  impact	
  on	
  their	
  business	
  as	
  a	
  result	
  of	
  the	
  free	
  parking	
  
program.	
  
4. Support for the parking program is high, but businesses indicated 
it is not working. 
Among	
  the	
  businesses	
  that	
  characterized	
  themselves	
  as	
  retail,	
  food	
  and	
  
entertainment,	
  there	
  were	
  higher	
  levels	
  of	
  support	
  for	
  the	
  free	
  parking	
  program	
  
than	
  the	
  wider	
  business	
  community	
  (78	
  percent	
  versus	
  67	
  percent).	
  	
  Despite	
  this	
  
high	
  level	
  of	
  support	
  by	
  businesses	
  that	
  depend	
  on	
  parking,	
  a	
  fair	
  number	
  of	
  these	
  
businesses	
  (34	
  percent)	
  indicated	
  that	
  the	
  program	
  is	
  not	
  working	
  (compared	
  to	
  25	
  
percent	
  of	
  all	
  businesses).	
  
 Page	
  |	
  10	
   	
   	
   Community	
  Planning	
  Workshop	
  
The	
  effectiveness	
  of	
  the	
  free	
  2-­‐hour	
  zone	
  is	
  also	
  doubted	
  by	
  most	
  businesses.	
  	
  
Three-­‐quarters	
  of	
  all	
  businesses	
  think	
  the	
  program	
  is	
  working	
  somewhat	
  or	
  not	
  at	
  
all.	
  	
  This	
  is	
  not	
  a	
  positive	
  assessment	
  of	
  a	
  program	
  that	
  is	
  intended	
  to	
  benefit	
  them.	
  	
  
Regardless,	
  most	
  businesses	
  support	
  the	
  program.	
  	
  The	
  support	
  is	
  even	
  stronger	
  for	
  
the	
  types	
  of	
  businesses	
  that	
  are	
  more	
  likely	
  to	
  depend	
  on	
  on-­‐street	
  parking	
  for	
  
their	
  day-­‐to-­‐day	
  business.	
  	
  This	
  implies	
  most	
  businesses	
  are	
  optimistic	
  about	
  the	
  
parking	
  program	
  and	
  expect	
  the	
  long-­‐term	
  impacts	
  to	
  support	
  downtown	
  and	
  their	
  
business,	
  even	
  if	
  the	
  program	
  is	
  not	
  working	
  as	
  well	
  as	
  it	
  could	
  at	
  present.	
  
 	
   Searching	
  for	
  a	
  Space	
   June	
  2013	
   Page	
  |	
  11	
   
CHAPTER 3:  SURVEY OF DOWNTOWN VISITORS 
In	
  addition	
  to	
  a	
  survey	
  of	
  the	
  businesses,	
  the	
  opinions	
  of	
  patrons	
  and	
  downtown	
  
visitors	
  are	
  important	
  to	
  understanding	
  parking	
  conditions	
  in	
  downtown	
  Eugene.	
  	
  
To	
  obtain	
  the	
  opinions	
  of	
  these	
  patrons,	
  CPW	
  administered	
  an	
  intercept	
  survey	
  in	
  
March	
  and	
  April	
  2013	
  within	
  the	
  2-­‐hour	
  free	
  zone	
  between	
  7	
  AM	
  and	
  6	
  PM,	
  
Monday	
  through	
  Saturday.	
  	
  The	
  total	
  population	
  surveyed	
  is	
  people	
  who	
  had	
  just	
  
parked	
  their	
  car	
  in	
  a	
  curbside	
  space	
  within	
  the	
  zone,	
  or	
  were	
  returning	
  to	
  their	
  cars.	
  	
  
People	
  who	
  parked	
  in	
  commercial-­‐only	
  spaces,	
  loading	
  zones	
  or	
  handicapped	
  
parking	
  were	
  excluded	
  from	
  the	
  survey	
  as	
  CPW	
  only	
  wanted	
  to	
  interview	
  the	
  
people	
  who	
  parked	
  in	
  general	
  spaces	
  that	
  were	
  time-­‐limited	
  and	
  were	
  not	
  subject	
  
to	
  other	
  special	
  circumstances.	
  
After	
  a	
  driver	
  had	
  parked	
  their	
  car	
  in	
  a	
  curbside	
  space,	
  or	
  as	
  they	
  were	
  returning	
  to	
  
their	
  cars,	
  CPW’s	
  research	
  assistant	
  approached	
  the	
  driver	
  and	
  asked	
  them	
  to	
  
answer	
  some	
  questions	
  about	
  downtown	
  parking.	
  	
  Over	
  a	
  period	
  of	
  six	
  days,	
  50	
  
people	
  agreed	
  to	
  complete	
  the	
  survey.	
  	
  For	
  many	
  of	
  these	
  questions,	
  respondents	
  
had	
  the	
  opportunity	
  to	
  select	
  more	
  than	
  one	
  response.	
  	
  See	
  Appendix	
  C	
  for	
  a	
  copy	
  
of	
  the	
  survey.	
  
Downtown visitation patterns 
The	
  first	
  section	
  of	
  the	
  survey	
  asked	
  respondents	
  about	
  their	
  visitation	
  habits	
  to	
  
downtown	
  Eugene.	
  	
  The	
  majority	
  of	
  people	
  (78	
  percent)	
  said	
  they	
  come	
  downtown	
  
once	
  a	
  week	
  or	
  more	
  often.	
  	
  Most	
  people	
  said	
  they	
  stay	
  downtown	
  between	
  one	
  
and	
  four	
  hours	
  each	
  day	
  (Table	
  11).	
  
Table	
  11.	
  Duration	
  of	
  stay	
  downtown	
  
Response	
   Number	
   Percentage	
  
Less	
  than	
  one	
  hour	
   5	
   10%	
  
1	
  to	
  2	
  hours	
   17	
   35%	
  
2	
  to	
  4	
  hours	
   18	
   37%	
  
4	
  to	
  6	
  hours	
   4	
   8%	
  
More	
  than	
  six	
  hours	
   5	
   10%	
  
Total	
   49	
   100%	
  
Source:	
  Downtown	
  Eugene	
  Parking	
  Survey,	
  April	
  2013	
  
The	
  survey	
  asked	
  respondents	
  about	
  why	
  they	
  usually	
  come	
  downtown,	
  with	
  the	
  
options	
  of	
  work,	
  shopping,	
  eating	
  or	
  other.	
  	
  The	
  most	
  common	
  responses	
  for	
  
‘other’	
  were	
  drinking	
  and	
  the	
  library.	
  	
  For	
  this	
  analysis,	
  drinking	
  was	
  merged	
  with	
  
the	
  eating	
  category	
  and	
  a	
  library	
  category	
  was	
  added.	
  	
  Most	
  people	
  cited	
  eating	
  or	
  
drinking,	
  followed	
  by	
  work	
  (Table	
  12).	
  	
  A	
  quarter	
  of	
  respondents	
  indicated	
  shopping	
  
as	
  one	
  of	
  their	
  reasons	
  for	
  coming	
  downtown,	
  with	
  16	
  percent	
  citing	
  the	
  library.	
  	
  
 Page	
  |	
  12	
   	
   	
   Community	
  Planning	
  Workshop	
  
Table	
  12.	
  Purpose	
  for	
  coming	
  downtown	
  
Response	
   Frequency	
   Percentage	
  
Eating/drinking	
   19	
   38%	
  
Work	
   17	
   34%	
  
Shopping	
   12	
   24%	
  
Library	
   8	
   16%	
  
Other	
   16	
   32%	
  
Source:	
  Downtown	
  Eugene	
  Parking	
  Survey,	
  April	
  2013	
  
On	
  the	
  day	
  the	
  respondents	
  answered	
  these	
  survey	
  questions,	
  they	
  had	
  all	
  arrived	
  
downtown	
  by	
  personal	
  car.	
  	
  But,	
  when	
  asked	
  if	
  they	
  ever	
  use	
  other	
  transportation	
  
modes	
  to	
  go	
  downtown,	
  27	
  people	
  (54	
  percent	
  of	
  the	
  respondents)	
  said	
  they	
  do	
  
use	
  other	
  modes	
  (Table	
  13).	
  	
  Fifty-­‐nine	
  percent	
  of	
  these	
  people	
  indicated	
  the	
  
bicycle	
  was	
  one	
  of	
  the	
  modes	
  they	
  used.	
  	
  Almost	
  equal	
  numbers	
  of	
  people	
  
indicated	
  they	
  also	
  go	
  downtown	
  by	
  foot	
  or	
  transit.	
  	
  Of	
  the	
  27	
  people	
  who	
  use	
  
other	
  modes,	
  nine	
  people	
  indicated	
  more	
  than	
  one	
  mode.	
  
Table	
  13.	
  Mode	
  of	
  transportation	
  to	
  downtown	
  
Response	
   Frequency	
   Percentage	
  
Car	
  only	
   23	
   46%	
  
Car	
  and	
  by	
  bike	
   16	
   32%	
  
Car	
  and	
  by	
  foot	
   12	
   24%	
  
Car	
  and	
  by	
  transit	
   11	
   22%	
  
Source:	
  Downtown	
  Eugene	
  Parking	
  Survey,	
  April	
  2013	
  
Use of downtown parking 
When	
  asked	
  what	
  types	
  of	
  parking	
  they	
  usually	
  use,	
  94	
  percent	
  of	
  the	
  people	
  
indicated	
  they	
  use	
  on-­‐street	
  parking,	
  40	
  percent	
  said	
  they	
  use	
  public	
  garages,	
  and	
  
18	
  percent	
  said	
  they	
  use	
  private	
  or	
  business	
  parking.	
  	
  Twenty-­‐three	
  people	
  (almost	
  
half)	
  indicated	
  they	
  use	
  more	
  than	
  one	
  type	
  of	
  parking.	
  
As	
  the	
  free	
  2-­‐hour	
  zone	
  is	
  time-­‐limited,	
  it	
  is	
  important	
  to	
  understand	
  how	
  long	
  
people	
  remain	
  in	
  one	
  parking	
  spot	
  (Table	
  14).	
  	
  The	
  majority	
  of	
  people	
  (74	
  percent)	
  
indicated	
  they	
  park	
  within	
  the	
  two-­‐hour	
  limit.	
  	
  A	
  quarter	
  of	
  people	
  said	
  they	
  park	
  
up	
  to	
  two	
  hours	
  past	
  the	
  two-­‐hour	
  limit.	
  
Table	
  14.	
  Duration	
  of	
  parking	
  
Response	
   Frequency	
   Percentage	
  
Less	
  than	
  one	
  hour	
   5	
   10%	
  
1	
  to	
  2	
  hours	
   32	
   64%	
  
2	
  to	
  4	
  hours	
   12	
   24%	
  
4	
  to	
  6	
  hours	
   1	
   2%	
  
More	
  than	
  six	
  hours	
   4	
   8%	
  
Source:	
  Downtown	
  Eugene	
  Parking	
  Survey,	
  April	
  2013	
  
The	
  availability	
  of	
  parking	
  has	
  a	
  direct	
  impact	
  on	
  traffic	
  and	
  cruising.	
  	
  When	
  parking	
  
is	
  readily	
  available,	
  traffic	
  levels	
  are	
  lower	
  and	
  people	
  find	
  spaces	
  faster.	
  	
  When	
  
asked	
  how	
  often	
  the	
  drivers	
  found	
  parking	
  where	
  they	
  wanted	
  it,	
  one	
  in	
  six	
  
indicated	
  sometimes	
  (Table	
  15).	
  	
  Thirty	
  percent	
  said	
  they	
  rarely	
  find	
  a	
  desirable	
  
location,	
  and	
  only	
  12	
  percent	
  said	
  they	
  always	
  found	
  parking	
  where	
  they	
  wanted	
  it.	
  
 	
   Searching	
  for	
  a	
  Space	
   June	
  2013	
   Page	
  |	
  13	
   
When	
  conducting	
  the	
  survey,	
  people	
  often	
  added	
  unsolicited	
  verbal	
  comments	
  
when	
  answering	
  the	
  questions.	
  	
  Many	
  of	
  the	
  people	
  who	
  indicated	
  they	
  always	
  find	
  
parking	
  where	
  they	
  want	
  it	
  told	
  the	
  research	
  assistant	
  they	
  had	
  no	
  preference	
  on	
  
specific	
  locations.	
  	
  This,	
  they	
  said,	
  is	
  how	
  they	
  are	
  always	
  able	
  to	
  find	
  parking.	
  	
  
Additionally,	
  some	
  people	
  who	
  indicated	
  they	
  rarely	
  find	
  parking	
  said	
  that	
  the	
  
space	
  in	
  which	
  they	
  had	
  just	
  parked	
  was	
  found	
  by	
  chance	
  and	
  almost	
  never	
  occurs.	
  
Table	
  15.	
  Visitor	
  perceptions	
  of	
  parking	
  space	
  availability	
  
Response	
   Number	
   Percentage	
  
Always	
   6	
   12%	
  
Sometimes	
   30	
   60%	
  
Rarely	
   14	
   28%	
  
Total	
   50	
   100%	
  
Source:	
  Downtown	
  Eugene	
  Parking	
  Survey,	
  April	
  2013	
  
The	
  original	
  intent	
  of	
  implementing	
  the	
  free	
  2-­‐hour	
  zone	
  was	
  to	
  make	
  downtown	
  
more	
  attractive	
  and	
  improve	
  the	
  appeal	
  of	
  downtown.	
  	
  When	
  asked	
  about	
  the	
  
impact	
  of	
  free	
  parking	
  on	
  downtown,	
  the	
  vast	
  majority	
  of	
  people	
  (76	
  percent)	
  
believed	
  it	
  had	
  a	
  positive	
  impact	
  (Table	
  16).	
  	
  Only	
  three	
  people	
  said	
  it	
  was	
  negative,	
  
and	
  nine	
  people	
  did	
  not	
  know.	
  	
  Additional	
  unsolicited	
  comments	
  CPW	
  received	
  
when	
  people	
  answered	
  this	
  question	
  were	
  that	
  anything	
  that	
  is	
  free	
  is	
  positive.	
  	
  
CPW’s	
  impression	
  was	
  that	
  people	
  considered	
  the	
  direct	
  impact	
  of	
  free	
  goods	
  on	
  
them,	
  and	
  did	
  not	
  consider	
  the	
  wider	
  implications	
  of	
  free	
  parking	
  in	
  an	
  area	
  with	
  
high	
  demand.	
  	
  Of	
  the	
  few	
  people	
  who	
  indicated	
  free	
  parking	
  has	
  a	
  negative	
  impact	
  
on	
  downtown,	
  some	
  commented	
  that	
  free	
  parking	
  leads	
  to	
  an	
  overuse	
  of	
  parking	
  
that	
  makes	
  it	
  very	
  difficult	
  to	
  find	
  any	
  available	
  spaces.	
  
Table	
  16.	
  Impact	
  of	
  free	
  parking	
  on	
  downtown	
  
Response	
   Number	
   Percentage	
  
Positive	
   38	
   76%	
  
Negative	
   3	
   6%	
  
Not	
  sure/Don’t	
  know	
   9	
   18%	
  
Total	
   50	
   100%	
  
Source:	
  Downtown	
  Eugene	
  Parking	
  Survey,	
  April	
  2013	
  
When	
  asked	
  about	
  how	
  paid	
  parking	
  would	
  impact	
  their	
  frequency	
  of	
  downtown	
  
visits,	
  a	
  little	
  more	
  than	
  half	
  (54	
  percent)	
  said	
  they	
  would	
  come	
  downtown	
  less	
  
often	
  (Table	
  17).	
  	
  Slightly	
  fewer	
  people	
  (44	
  percent)	
  said	
  paid	
  parking	
  would	
  not	
  
impact	
  how	
  often	
  they	
  come	
  downtown.	
  
Table	
  17.	
  Potential	
  impact	
  of	
  paid	
  parking	
  on	
  frequency	
  of	
  trips	
  downtown	
  
Response	
   Number	
   Percentage	
  
Come	
  downtown	
  less	
  often	
   27	
   54%	
  
No	
  impact	
   22	
   44%	
  
Not	
  sure/Don’t	
  know	
   1	
   2%	
  
Total	
   50	
   100%	
  
Source:	
  Downtown	
  Eugene	
  Parking	
  Survey,	
  April	
  2013	
  
At	
  the	
  end	
  of	
  the	
  survey,	
  respondents	
  were	
  given	
  the	
  option	
  to	
  provide	
  any	
  
additional	
  comments	
  about	
  parking	
  downtown;	
  23	
  people	
  took	
  up	
  the	
  offer.	
  	
  The	
  
 Page	
  |	
  14	
   	
   	
   Community	
  Planning	
  Workshop	
  
three	
  most	
  common	
  remarks	
  (each	
  were	
  noted	
  by	
  four	
  people)	
  were	
  statements	
  of	
  
support	
  for	
  the	
  free	
  2-­‐hour	
  zone,	
  that	
  it	
  is	
  difficult	
  to	
  find	
  available	
  parking	
  spaces,	
  
and	
  that	
  there	
  should	
  be	
  more	
  free	
  parking.	
  	
  One	
  individual	
  liked	
  the	
  free	
  zone	
  so	
  
much	
  that	
  she	
  said,	
  “my	
  prayers	
  have	
  been	
  answered.”	
  	
  Four	
  other	
  people	
  offered	
  
their	
  own	
  assessment	
  of	
  how	
  the	
  parking	
  conditions	
  are	
  in	
  downtown	
  Eugene:	
  two	
  
said	
  that	
  parking	
  is	
  bad;	
  one	
  said	
  it	
  has	
  improved	
  a	
  lot;	
  and	
  another	
  stated	
  that	
  it	
  
“works	
  out	
  pretty	
  well.”	
  	
  	
  
The	
  remaining	
  comments	
  were	
  miscellaneous	
  remarks	
  and	
  were	
  not	
  shared	
  by	
  
others.	
  	
  One	
  person	
  stated,	
  “Corvallis	
  is	
  booming	
  and	
  they	
  have	
  free	
  parking.”	
  	
  
Another	
  believed	
  there	
  should	
  be	
  a	
  greater	
  variety	
  of	
  parking	
  durations,	
  especially	
  
for	
  times	
  longer	
  than	
  2	
  hours.	
  	
  One	
  woman	
  said	
  that	
  it	
  was	
  hard	
  for	
  her	
  to	
  find	
  
available	
  handicapped	
  parking.	
  	
  Another	
  person	
  believed	
  that	
  no	
  one	
  liked	
  parking	
  
garages.	
  	
  One	
  respondent	
  commented	
  about	
  the	
  emergency	
  vehicle	
  parking	
  on	
  
Charnelton	
  Street	
  north	
  of	
  10th	
  Avenue.	
  	
  They	
  said	
  that	
  the	
  signage	
  was	
  
ineffective,	
  resulting	
  in	
  them	
  getting	
  a	
  ticket.	
  	
  They	
  recommended	
  the	
  City	
  paint	
  
the	
  parking	
  spaces	
  so	
  that	
  drivers	
  would	
  be	
  less	
  likely	
  to	
  mistake	
  the	
  space	
  as	
  
available	
  to	
  the	
  general	
  public.	
  	
  One	
  final	
  comment	
  was	
  that	
  downtown	
  Eugene	
  
had	
  too	
  much	
  surface	
  parking.	
  
Key findings 
This	
  survey	
  demonstrates	
  important	
  information	
  about	
  how	
  patrons	
  use	
  downtown	
  
parking,	
  and	
  what	
  the	
  public	
  wants	
  from	
  a	
  downtown	
  parking	
  program.	
  	
  The	
  results	
  
are	
  as	
  follows:	
  
1. People like free parking. 
A	
  significant	
  number	
  of	
  people	
  believed	
  free	
  parking	
  was	
  a	
  constructive	
  attribute	
  
for	
  downtown.	
  	
  Almost	
  80	
  percent	
  of	
  people	
  said	
  it	
  had	
  a	
  positive	
  effect	
  on	
  
downtown,	
  and	
  people	
  chose	
  to	
  additionally	
  mention	
  in	
  the	
  open-­‐ended	
  comments	
  
that	
  they	
  support	
  free	
  parking	
  and	
  believe	
  all	
  (or	
  at	
  least	
  more)	
  parking	
  should	
  be	
  
free.	
  
2. Some people, but not all, would change their downtown visitation 
habits with paid parking. 
Almost	
  half	
  of	
  all	
  people	
  indicated	
  paid	
  parking	
  would	
  result	
  in	
  fewer	
  trips	
  
downtown.	
  	
  But	
  these	
  people	
  were	
  not	
  an	
  overwhelming	
  majority;	
  indicating	
  paid	
  
parking	
  would	
  not	
  have	
  drastic	
  impacts	
  for	
  downtown	
  businesses.	
  	
  There	
  is	
  also	
  the	
  
potential	
  that	
  drivers	
  overestimated	
  their	
  decrease	
  in	
  downtown	
  visitation	
  to	
  
dissuade	
  policy-­‐makers	
  from	
  reintroducing	
  paid	
  parking	
  in	
  the	
  free	
  zone.	
  
3. People are familiar with coming downtown without their cars. 
One	
  important	
  finding	
  from	
  the	
  survey	
  was	
  that	
  less	
  than	
  half	
  of	
  survey	
  
respondents	
  only	
  used	
  their	
  car	
  to	
  access	
  downtown.	
  	
  Therefore,	
  a	
  majority	
  of	
  
drivers	
  are	
  familiar	
  with	
  traveling	
  downtown	
  without	
  a	
  car.	
  	
  This	
  familiarity	
  
indicates	
  travel	
  to	
  downtown	
  is	
  not	
  necessary	
  by	
  car,	
  and	
  if	
  parking	
  spaces	
  are	
  too	
  
difficult	
  to	
  find	
  or	
  too	
  expensive	
  for	
  someone	
  to	
  afford,	
  they	
  are	
  comfortable	
  
coming	
  downtown	
  by	
  other	
  means.	
  	
  This	
  flexibility	
  of	
  downtown	
  visitors	
  is	
  an	
  asset	
  
 	
   Searching	
  for	
  a	
  Space	
   June	
  2013	
   Page	
  |	
  15	
   
for	
  downtown	
  businesses,	
  because	
  it	
  ensures	
  accessibility	
  regardless	
  of	
  the	
  price,	
  
availability	
  or	
  duration	
  of	
  parking.	
  
4. Drivers stay in downtown longer than parking durations allow. 
Two	
  questions	
  in	
  the	
  survey	
  showed	
  a	
  disparity	
  between	
  time	
  limits	
  of	
  parking	
  and	
  
the	
  most	
  common	
  needs	
  of	
  downtown	
  patrons.	
  	
  Forty-­‐five	
  percent	
  of	
  respondents	
  
said	
  they	
  stay	
  downtown	
  for	
  two	
  hours	
  or	
  less.	
  	
  But	
  when	
  asked	
  about	
  how	
  long	
  
they	
  keep	
  their	
  vehicle	
  in	
  one	
  parking	
  space,	
  74	
  percent	
  said	
  they	
  park	
  for	
  two	
  
hours	
  or	
  less.	
  	
  This	
  disconnect	
  could	
  indicate	
  two	
  things:	
  (1)	
  people	
  underreported	
  
how	
  long	
  they	
  usually	
  park	
  because	
  they	
  felt	
  guilty	
  that	
  they	
  overstayed	
  in	
  each	
  
two-­‐hour	
  space,	
  or	
  (2)	
  that	
  a	
  significant	
  share	
  of	
  people	
  move	
  their	
  car	
  to	
  avoid	
  
being	
  fined.	
  	
  Either	
  way,	
  it	
  demonstrates	
  that	
  the	
  two-­‐hour	
  time	
  limits	
  do	
  not	
  
correspond	
  with	
  the	
  time	
  that	
  drivers	
  want	
  or	
  need	
  to	
  stay	
  downtown.	
  
 	
  
 	
   Searching	
  for	
  a	
  Space	
   June	
  2013	
   Page	
  |	
  17	
   
CHAPTER 4:  PARKING COUNTS 
	
  
The	
  final	
  step	
  in	
  this	
  study	
  of	
  downtown	
  Eugene’s	
  free	
  parking	
  was	
  a	
  series	
  of	
  
parking	
  counts.	
  	
  These	
  parking	
  counts	
  are	
  meant	
  to	
  determine	
  the	
  actual	
  conditions	
  
of	
  parking	
  in	
  downtown	
  Eugene	
  and	
  to	
  compare	
  how	
  the	
  free	
  2-­‐hour	
  zone	
  
compares	
  with	
  an	
  area	
  where	
  the	
  parking	
  meters	
  are	
  still	
  used.	
  
In	
  preparation	
  of	
  the	
  parking	
  counts,	
  CPW	
  counted	
  the	
  total	
  number	
  of	
  parking	
  
spaces	
  on	
  each	
  block	
  face	
  between	
  7th	
  Avenue,	
  High	
  Street,	
  11th	
  Avenue	
  and	
  
Lincoln	
  Street.	
  	
  A	
  block	
  face	
  is	
  one	
  side	
  of	
  a	
  city	
  block	
  between	
  two	
  intersecting	
  
streets.	
  	
  This	
  study	
  area	
  includes	
  the	
  12-­‐block	
  area	
  of	
  the	
  free	
  2-­‐hour	
  zone	
  (from	
  
Lincoln	
  Street	
  to	
  Willamette	
  Street)	
  and	
  the	
  12-­‐block	
  area	
  to	
  the	
  east	
  (Willamette	
  
Street	
  to	
  High	
  Street).	
  	
  The	
  latter	
  area	
  continues	
  to	
  use	
  parking	
  meters	
  to	
  manage	
  
parking	
  demand	
  but	
  was	
  included	
  because	
  it	
  is	
  similar	
  in	
  density	
  and	
  land	
  use	
  to	
  
the	
  areas	
  of	
  the	
  free	
  parking	
  zone	
  (see	
  Figure	
  1	
  for	
  a	
  map	
  of	
  these	
  areas).	
  	
  This	
  
similarity	
  provides	
  a	
  suitable	
  control	
  group	
  in	
  which	
  to	
  compare	
  the	
  free	
  2-­‐hour	
  
zone.	
  	
  When	
  parking	
  meters	
  were	
  eliminated	
  from	
  the	
  free	
  2-­‐hour	
  zone,	
  the	
  areas	
  
outside	
  the	
  zone	
  were	
  not	
  modified.	
  
For	
  this	
  study,	
  CPW	
  only	
  looked	
  at	
  spaces	
  that	
  are	
  available	
  for	
  the	
  general	
  public.	
  	
  
CPW	
  ignored	
  spaces	
  reserved	
  for	
  loading	
  or	
  unloading,	
  people	
  with	
  disabilities,	
  car	
  
sharing,	
  motorcycles,	
  emergency	
  vehicles,	
  or	
  commercial	
  vehicles.	
  	
  In	
  total,	
  there	
  
are	
  561	
  spaces	
  in	
  the	
  study	
  area:	
  	
  287	
  spaces	
  in	
  the	
  free	
  2-­‐hour	
  zone,	
  and	
  274	
  
spaces	
  in	
  the	
  metered	
  zone.	
  
Figure	
  1.	
  Map	
  of	
  parking	
  areas	
  
	
  
CPW’s	
  research	
  assistant	
  completed	
  the	
  parking	
  counts	
  by	
  bicycle	
  in	
  April	
  2013.	
  	
  
During	
  the	
  weekday,	
  counts	
  were	
  conducted	
  on	
  each	
  hour	
  from	
  7	
  AM	
  through	
  6	
  
 Page	
  |	
  18	
   	
   	
   Community	
  Planning	
  Workshop	
  
PM.	
  	
  To	
  ensure	
  accuracy	
  of	
  the	
  counts	
  and	
  to	
  obtain	
  a	
  typical	
  sample	
  of	
  parking	
  
conditions,	
  CPW	
  conducted	
  three	
  different	
  counts	
  during	
  each	
  hour.	
  	
  These	
  three	
  
numbers	
  were	
  averaged	
  to	
  come	
  up	
  with	
  one	
  number	
  to	
  represent	
  the	
  occupancy	
  
of	
  each	
  block	
  face.	
  	
  By	
  averaging	
  the	
  counts,	
  CPW	
  is	
  able	
  to	
  reduce	
  the	
  chances	
  
that	
  weather,	
  a	
  special	
  event	
  or	
  other	
  circumstances	
  could	
  impact	
  the	
  typical	
  
parking	
  occupancy	
  on	
  each	
  block	
  face.	
  	
  The	
  research	
  assistant	
  also	
  conducted	
  
counts	
  on	
  Saturday	
  from	
  7	
  AM	
  through	
  6	
  PM.	
  	
  Due	
  to	
  time	
  constraints,	
  only	
  one	
  
series	
  of	
  counts	
  were	
  conducted	
  on	
  Saturday.	
  	
  See	
  Appendices	
  D	
  and	
  E	
  for	
  raw	
  data	
  
and	
  hourly	
  maps	
  from	
  the	
  parking	
  counts.	
  	
  
Weekday results 
To	
  determine	
  the	
  percent	
  occupancy	
  of	
  each	
  block	
  face,	
  the	
  average	
  number	
  of	
  
vehicles	
  parked	
  on	
  each	
  block	
  face	
  is	
  divided	
  by	
  the	
  total	
  number	
  of	
  spaces	
  
available.	
  	
  The	
  resulting	
  number	
  is	
  the	
  percent	
  occupancy	
  for	
  each	
  block	
  face.	
  	
  The	
  
following	
  graph	
  (Figure	
  2)	
  represents	
  the	
  overall	
  parking	
  occupancy	
  in	
  downtown	
  
on	
  a	
  weekday.	
  	
  The	
  blue	
  line	
  shows	
  the	
  parking	
  occupancy	
  in	
  the	
  free	
  2-­‐hour	
  zone,	
  
and	
  the	
  green	
  line	
  shows	
  the	
  parking	
  occupancy	
  in	
  the	
  metered	
  zone.	
  
Figure	
  2.	
  Weekday	
  parking	
  occupancy	
  by	
  time	
  of	
  day	
  
	
  
Source:	
  Downtown	
  Eugene	
  Parking	
  Counts,	
  April	
  2013	
  
As	
  the	
  graph	
  shows,	
  the	
  free	
  zone	
  was	
  consistently	
  more	
  occupied	
  than	
  the	
  
metered	
  zone.	
  	
  On	
  average,	
  the	
  parking	
  occupancy	
  in	
  the	
  free	
  zone	
  is	
  35	
  percent	
  
higher	
  than	
  in	
  the	
  metered	
  zone.	
  	
  Both	
  areas	
  begin	
  the	
  day	
  with	
  low	
  occupancy	
  
rates.	
  	
  By	
  9	
  AM,	
  the	
  free	
  zone	
  is	
  close	
  to	
  80	
  percent	
  full	
  while	
  the	
  metered	
  zone	
  is	
  
about	
  half	
  occupied.	
  	
  Occupancy	
  in	
  the	
  free	
  zone	
  levels	
  out	
  over	
  the	
  course	
  of	
  the	
  
day	
  between	
  80	
  and	
  85	
  percent	
  between	
  10	
  AM	
  and	
  4	
  PM.	
  	
  The	
  highest	
  occupancy	
  
rates	
  occur	
  at	
  4	
  PM	
  and	
  6	
  PM	
  with	
  occupancies	
  of	
  88	
  and	
  90	
  percent,	
  respectively.	
  	
  
The	
  metered	
  zone	
  levels	
  out	
  around	
  50	
  percent	
  occupancy	
  between	
  10	
  AM	
  and	
  2	
  
PM,	
  decreases	
  close	
  to	
  40	
  percent	
  in	
  the	
  afternoon	
  before	
  increasing	
  to	
  54	
  percent	
  
after	
  6	
  PM.	
  
!"
#!"
$!"
%!"
&!"
'!!"
()
*+
&)
*+
,)
*+
'!
)*
+
''
)*
+
'#
)-
+
')
-+
#)
-+
.)
-+
$)
-+
/)
-+
%)
-+
-0
12
03
4)5
22
67
83
29
:;<0)5=)>89
?100)#@A561)B530
+04010>)B530
 	
   Searching	
  for	
  a	
  Space	
   June	
  2013	
   Page	
  |	
  19	
   
The	
  increasing	
  occupancy	
  rates	
  in	
  both	
  zones	
  at	
  the	
  end	
  of	
  the	
  study	
  period	
  
demonstrate	
  a	
  latent	
  demand	
  for	
  unregulated	
  parking	
  in	
  the	
  area.	
  	
  At	
  6	
  PM,	
  the	
  2-­‐
hour	
  zone	
  is	
  no	
  longer	
  in	
  effect	
  and	
  parkers	
  are	
  no	
  longer	
  required	
  to	
  pay	
  for	
  
parking	
  in	
  spaces	
  regulated	
  by	
  parking	
  meters.	
  	
  The	
  lack	
  of	
  time	
  limits	
  or	
  a	
  cost	
  to	
  
park	
  after	
  6	
  PM	
  increases	
  options	
  for	
  people	
  to	
  park	
  downtown	
  and	
  encourages	
  
more	
  people	
  to	
  park.	
  
While	
  these	
  figures	
  show	
  the	
  overall	
  occupancy	
  rates,	
  the	
  rates	
  vary	
  by	
  street	
  and	
  
time	
  of	
  day.	
  	
  Willamette	
  Street	
  was	
  consistently	
  the	
  busiest	
  street	
  for	
  parking	
  in	
  the	
  
study	
  area,	
  with	
  an	
  average	
  weekday	
  occupancy	
  rate	
  of	
  90	
  percent.	
  	
  In	
  the	
  early	
  
morning	
  hours,	
  Willamette	
  Street’s	
  occupancy	
  was	
  about	
  73	
  percent,	
  the	
  highest	
  of	
  
any	
  street	
  during	
  those	
  hours.	
  	
  Between	
  9	
  AM	
  and	
  6	
  PM	
  the	
  occupancy	
  rates	
  on	
  
Willamette	
  Street	
  were	
  90	
  percent	
  or	
  greater	
  for	
  all	
  but	
  one	
  hour.	
  	
  The	
  following	
  
tables	
  provide	
  a	
  breakdown	
  by	
  time	
  of	
  day	
  for	
  weekday	
  parking	
  occupancy	
  rates	
  in	
  
the	
  free	
  2-­‐hour	
  zone	
  (Table	
  18)	
  and	
  in	
  the	
  metered	
  zone	
  (Table	
  19).	
  	
  The	
  6	
  PM	
  
occupancy	
  rates	
  are	
  listed	
  in	
  a	
  separate	
  column	
  because	
  during	
  this	
  hour	
  parking	
  
restrictions	
  and	
  meters	
  are	
  no	
  longer	
  enforced.	
  	
  Highlighted	
  cells	
  indicate	
  times	
  and	
  
streets	
  that	
  have	
  an	
  average	
  occupancy	
  at	
  or	
  above	
  85	
  percent.	
  
Table	
  18.	
  Average	
  weekday	
  parking	
  occupancy	
  (free	
  zone)	
  
Street	
   7	
  –	
  8	
  AM	
   9	
  –	
  11	
  AM	
   12	
  –	
  2	
  PM	
   3	
  –	
  5	
  PM	
   6	
  PM	
   Daily	
  occupancy	
  
Willamette	
  Street	
   73%	
   94%	
   89%	
   95%	
   94%	
   90%	
  
West	
  Broadway	
   51%	
   90%	
   91%	
   95%	
   96%	
   85%	
  
Charnelton	
  Street	
   54%	
   83%	
   83%	
   92%	
   96%	
   81%	
  
Olive	
  Street	
   39%	
   86%	
   86%	
   90%	
   100%	
   80%	
  
West	
  10th	
  Avenue	
   25%	
   82%	
   83%	
   91%	
   97%	
   76%	
  
West	
  8th	
  Avenue	
   46%	
   74%	
   75%	
   81%	
   99%	
   73%	
  
West	
  11th	
  Avenue	
   27%	
   67%	
   73%	
   67%	
   54%	
   61%	
  
Lincoln	
  Street	
   32%	
   55%	
   59%	
   53%	
   76%	
   53%	
  
Overall	
   48%	
   80%	
   80%	
   84%	
   91%	
   77%	
  
Source:	
  Downtown	
  Eugene	
  Parking	
  Counts,	
  April	
  2013	
  
Table	
  19.	
  Average	
  weekday	
  parking	
  occupancy	
  (metered	
  zone)	
  
Street	
   7	
  –	
  8	
  AM	
   9	
  –	
  11	
  AM	
   12	
  –	
  2	
  PM	
   3	
  –	
  5	
  PM	
   6	
  PM	
   Daily	
  occupancy	
  
East	
  Broadway	
   28%	
   62%	
   73%	
   66%	
   90%	
   62%	
  
East	
  10th	
  Avenue	
   42%	
   50%	
   56%	
   61%	
   67%	
   54%	
  
Park	
  Street	
   19%	
   62%	
   65%	
   52%	
   63%	
   53%	
  
Pearl	
  Street	
   26%	
   51%	
   62%	
   57%	
   75%	
   53%	
  
East	
  8th	
  Avenue	
   22%	
   71%	
   61%	
   44%	
   39%	
   51%	
  
Oak	
  Street	
   17%	
   41%	
   41%	
   41%	
   45%	
   38%	
  
East	
  11th	
  Avenue	
   10%	
   17%	
   40%	
   35%	
   48%	
   29%	
  
High	
  Street	
   3%	
   6%	
   8%	
   8%	
   18%	
   7%	
  
Overall	
   17%	
   45%	
   50%	
   43%	
   54%	
   42%	
  
Source:	
  Downtown	
  Eugene	
  Parking	
  Counts,	
  April	
  2013	
  
	
  
Within	
  the	
  free	
  2-­‐hour	
  zone,	
  Willamette	
  Street,	
  Broadway,	
  Charnelton	
  Street,	
  Olive	
  
Street,	
  10th	
  Avenue	
  and	
  8th	
  Avenue	
  experienced	
  occupancy	
  rates	
  at	
  or	
  above	
  85	
  
percent	
  for	
  one	
  or	
  more	
  hours	
  of	
  the	
  day.	
  	
  None	
  of	
  the	
  streets	
  in	
  the	
  metered	
  zone	
  
 Page	
  |	
  20	
   	
   	
   Community	
  Planning	
  Workshop	
  
approached	
  this	
  consistently	
  high	
  level	
  of	
  occupancy.	
  	
  While	
  East	
  Broadway	
  was	
  the	
  
metered	
  street	
  with	
  the	
  highest	
  average	
  occupancy	
  rate,	
  the	
  occupancy	
  rate	
  
throughout	
  the	
  day	
  leveled	
  out	
  between	
  65	
  and	
  75	
  percent,	
  and	
  peaked	
  at	
  90	
  
percent	
  after	
  6	
  PM	
  (when	
  the	
  parking	
  meters	
  are	
  no	
  longer	
  enforced).	
  
High	
  Street	
  experienced	
  the	
  least	
  demand,	
  with	
  an	
  average	
  daily	
  occupancy	
  of	
  7	
  
percent.	
  	
  The	
  highest	
  occupancy	
  rate	
  on	
  High	
  Street	
  was	
  after	
  6	
  PM	
  with	
  18	
  percent	
  
of	
  spaces	
  filled.	
  	
  This	
  low	
  rate	
  of	
  occupancy	
  is	
  likely	
  due	
  to	
  the	
  lack	
  of	
  density	
  and	
  
active	
  land	
  uses	
  along	
  High	
  Street.	
  
Changes since 2011 
In	
  Claire	
  Otwell’s	
  original	
  study	
  of	
  the	
  free	
  2-­‐hour	
  parking	
  program	
  two	
  years	
  ago,	
  
she	
  also	
  conducted	
  parking	
  counts.	
  	
  Her	
  study	
  focused	
  on	
  parking	
  occupancy	
  within	
  
the	
  free	
  2-­‐hour	
  zone,	
  and	
  did	
  not	
  include	
  parking	
  counts	
  of	
  metered	
  spaces.	
  In	
  her	
  
counts	
  from	
  May	
  2011,	
  she	
  found	
  similar	
  hourly	
  trends	
  as	
  in	
  this	
  2013	
  study.	
  	
  
Morning	
  occupancy	
  rates	
  are	
  very	
  low	
  until	
  around	
  9	
  AM	
  when	
  the	
  occupancy	
  rates	
  
begin	
  to	
  level	
  off,	
  and	
  peak	
  in	
  the	
  late	
  afternoon	
  hours.	
  	
  While	
  similar,	
  the	
  observed	
  
occupancy	
  rates	
  were	
  higher	
  in	
  2013	
  than	
  in	
  2011,	
  especially	
  during	
  the	
  morning	
  
and	
  early	
  afternoon	
  hours	
  (Figure	
  3).	
  	
  The	
  counts	
  in	
  the	
  late	
  afternoon	
  and	
  evening	
  
are	
  more	
  similar	
  and	
  reflect	
  increased	
  downtown	
  activity	
  during	
  these	
  hours	
  
(Otwell	
  2011,	
  49).	
  
Figure	
  3.	
  	
  Comparison	
  of	
  2011	
  and	
  2013	
  weekday	
  counts	
  
	
  
Source:	
  Downtown	
  Eugene	
  Parking	
  Counts,	
  April	
  2013	
  and	
  Otwell,	
  May	
  2011.	
  
The	
  following	
  table	
  (Table	
  20)	
  breaks	
  down	
  the	
  weekday	
  parking	
  occupancy	
  rates	
  
by	
  street	
  for	
  both	
  years.	
  	
  All	
  streets	
  saw	
  increased	
  occupancy	
  rates	
  from	
  when	
  
counts	
  were	
  conducted	
  in	
  2011.	
  	
  The	
  streets	
  with	
  the	
  greatest	
  increase	
  were	
  11th	
  
Avenue	
  and	
  Broadway,	
  which	
  saw	
  an	
  increase	
  of	
  20	
  and	
  19	
  percentage	
  points,	
  
respectively.	
  	
  The	
  average	
  parking	
  occupancy	
  rate	
  for	
  the	
  entire	
  free	
  2-­‐hour	
  zone	
  
increased	
  by	
  14	
  percentage	
  points,	
  from	
  63	
  to	
  77	
  percent.	
  	
  According	
  to	
  Otwell’s	
  
!"
#!"
$!"
%!"
&!"
'!!"
()
*+
&)
*+
,)
*+
'!
)*
+
''
)*
+
'#
)-
+
')
-+
#)
-+
.)
-+
$)
-+
/)
-+
%)
-+
-0
12
03
4)5
22
67
83
29
:;<0)5=)>89
#!'.
#!''
 	
   Searching	
  for	
  a	
  Space	
   June	
  2013	
   Page	
  |	
  21	
   
report,	
  the	
  average	
  daily	
  occupancy	
  prior	
  to	
  the	
  program’s	
  implementation	
  in	
  2010	
  
was	
  between	
  30	
  and	
  60	
  percent	
  (Otwell	
  2011,	
  50).	
  
Table	
  20.	
  Change	
  in	
  average	
  weekday	
  parking	
  occupancy	
  
Street	
   2011	
   2013	
   Difference	
  
Willamette	
  Street	
   81%	
   90%	
   9%	
  
West	
  Broadway	
   66%	
   85%	
   19%	
  
Charnelton	
  Street	
   72%	
   81%	
   9%	
  
Olive	
  Street	
   66%	
   80%	
   14%	
  
West	
  10th	
  Avenue	
   72%	
   76%	
   4%	
  
West	
  8th	
  Avenue	
   61%	
   73%	
   12%	
  
West	
  11th	
  Avenue	
   41%	
   61%	
   20%	
  
Lincoln	
  Street	
   43%	
   53%	
   10%	
  
Overall	
   63%	
   77%	
   14%	
  
Source:	
  Downtown	
  Eugene	
  Parking	
  Counts,	
  April	
  2013;	
  and	
  Otwell,	
  May	
  2011	
  
Saturday results 
In	
  addition	
  to	
  the	
  weekday	
  counts,	
  CPW	
  conducted	
  Saturday	
  counts.	
  	
  Unlike	
  the	
  
weekday	
  data	
  collection,	
  which	
  consisted	
  of	
  three	
  counts	
  to	
  obtain	
  an	
  average,	
  
CPW	
  only	
  did	
  one	
  count	
  for	
  each	
  hour	
  on	
  Saturday.	
  	
  While	
  this	
  provides	
  a	
  valid	
  
sample	
  of	
  Saturday	
  occupancy,	
  additional	
  counting	
  would	
  confirm	
  whether	
  these	
  
occupancy	
  rates	
  are	
  typical	
  of	
  Saturday	
  parking	
  conditions.	
  	
  Additionally,	
  the	
  
Saturday	
  Market	
  impacted	
  the	
  methodology	
  for	
  parking	
  counts	
  on	
  Saturday.	
  	
  
Segments	
  of	
  Park	
  Street,	
  8th	
  Avenue	
  and	
  Oak	
  Street	
  are	
  closed	
  for	
  the	
  Market.	
  	
  To	
  
account	
  for	
  this	
  circumstance,	
  CPW	
  did	
  not	
  count	
  any	
  vehicles	
  on	
  Park	
  Street,	
  on	
  
8th	
  Avenue	
  between	
  Oak	
  Street	
  and	
  West	
  Park	
  Street,	
  or	
  on	
  Oak	
  Street	
  between	
  
8th	
  Avenue	
  and	
  South	
  Park	
  Street.	
  Ignoring	
  the	
  77	
  spaces	
  on	
  these	
  streets,	
  there	
  
are	
  484	
  spaces	
  in	
  the	
  Saturday	
  study	
  area:	
  	
  287	
  spaces	
  in	
  the	
  free	
  2-­‐hour	
  zone,	
  and	
  
197	
  spaces	
  in	
  the	
  metered	
  zone.	
  
Saturday	
  parking	
  occupancy	
  rates	
  in	
  the	
  free	
  2-­‐hour	
  zone	
  were	
  higher	
  than	
  in	
  the	
  
metered	
  zone,	
  but	
  there	
  was	
  less	
  difference	
  between	
  both	
  rates	
  than	
  in	
  the	
  
weekday	
  counts	
  (Figure	
  4).	
  	
  Both	
  zones	
  started	
  with	
  occupancy	
  rates	
  below	
  20	
  
percent,	
  but	
  leveled	
  off	
  between	
  60	
  and	
  80	
  percent	
  in	
  the	
  afternoon.	
  	
  Parking	
  
occupancy	
  during	
  the	
  12	
  PM	
  and	
  1	
  PM	
  hours	
  in	
  both	
  zones	
  were	
  within	
  a	
  couple	
  
percentage	
  points	
  of	
  each	
  other,	
  about	
  64	
  percent	
  and	
  71	
  percent	
  respectively.	
  
 Page	
  |	
  22	
   	
   	
   Community	
  Planning	
  Workshop	
  
Figure	
  4.	
  Saturday	
  parking	
  occupancy	
  by	
  time	
  of	
  day	
  
	
  
Source:	
  Downtown	
  Eugene	
  Parking	
  Counts,	
  April	
  2013	
  
While	
  the	
  parking	
  occupancy	
  in	
  the	
  free	
  2-­‐hour	
  zone	
  is	
  lower	
  than	
  during	
  the	
  
weekday,	
  the	
  metered	
  zone	
  has	
  higher	
  levels	
  of	
  occupancy,	
  especially	
  in	
  the	
  middle	
  
of	
  the	
  day.	
  	
  The	
  lower	
  demand	
  in	
  the	
  free	
  zone	
  could	
  indicate	
  employees	
  use	
  these	
  
spaces	
  during	
  the	
  weekday.	
  	
  The	
  higher	
  demand	
  in	
  the	
  metered	
  zone	
  is	
  likely	
  
related	
  to	
  the	
  Saturday	
  Market.	
  	
  The	
  popularity	
  of	
  the	
  Saturday	
  Market	
  has	
  a	
  
definite	
  impact	
  on	
  demand	
  for	
  parking	
  closest	
  to	
  the	
  market.	
  	
  Because	
  the	
  market	
  
is	
  located	
  on	
  the	
  Park	
  Blocks	
  –	
  within	
  the	
  metered	
  zone	
  –	
  it	
  is	
  expected	
  that	
  these	
  
metered	
  spaces	
  will	
  experience	
  greater	
  demand	
  and	
  occupancy.	
  	
  Additionally,	
  
patrons	
  to	
  the	
  Saturday	
  Market	
  may	
  be	
  less	
  knowledgeable	
  about	
  the	
  different	
  
types	
  of	
  on-­‐street	
  parking	
  in	
  downtown	
  and	
  park	
  based	
  on	
  location	
  and	
  not	
  price.	
  
The	
  following	
  two	
  tables	
  break	
  down	
  the	
  overall	
  parking	
  occupancy	
  by	
  street	
  and	
  
time	
  of	
  day	
  for	
  the	
  free	
  zone	
  and	
  the	
  metered	
  zone.	
  	
  Willamette	
  Street	
  has	
  the	
  
highest	
  occupancy	
  in	
  the	
  area,	
  as	
  was	
  the	
  case	
  during	
  the	
  work	
  week.	
  	
  Highlighted	
  
cells	
  indicate	
  times	
  and	
  streets	
  that	
  have	
  an	
  average	
  occupancy	
  rate	
  at	
  or	
  above	
  85	
  
percent	
  
Table	
  21.	
  Average	
  Saturday	
  parking	
  occupancy	
  (free	
  zone)	
  
Street	
   7	
  –	
  8	
  AM	
   9	
  –	
  11	
  AM	
   12	
  –	
  2	
  PM	
   3	
  –	
  5	
  PM	
   6	
  PM	
   Daily	
  occupancy	
  
Willamette	
  Street	
   42%	
   99%	
   94%	
   86%	
   89%	
   84%	
  
West	
  Broadway	
   21%	
   84%	
   86%	
   84%	
   89%	
   74%	
  
Olive	
  Street	
   12%	
   79%	
   86%	
   79%	
   85%	
   70%	
  
West	
  8th	
  Avenue	
   28%	
   67%	
   70%	
   77%	
   85%	
   65%	
  
Charnelton	
  Street	
   30%	
   68%	
   70%	
   73%	
   70%	
   64%	
  
West	
  10th	
  Avenue	
   10%	
   70%	
   70%	
   73%	
   40%	
   58%	
  
West	
  11th	
  Avenue	
   15%	
   43%	
   49%	
   57%	
   65%	
   45%	
  
Lincoln	
  Street	
   12%	
   45%	
   37%	
   43%	
   24%	
   36%	
  
Overall	
   24%	
   71%	
   72%	
   73%	
   72%	
   64%	
  
Source:	
  Downtown	
  Eugene	
  Parking	
  Counts,	
  April	
  2013	
  
!"
#!"
$!"
%!"
&!"
'!!"
()
*+
&)
*+
,)
*+
'!
)*
+
''
)*
+
'#
)-
+
')
-+
#)
-+
.)
-+
$)
-+
/)
-+
%)
-+
-0
12
03
4)5
22
67
83
29
:;<0)5=)>89
?100)#@A561)B530
+04010>)B530
 	
   Searching	
  for	
  a	
  Space	
   June	
  2013	
   Page	
  |	
  23	
   
Table	
  22.	
  Average	
  Saturday	
  parking	
  occupancy	
  (metered	
  zone)	
  
Street	
   7	
  –	
  8	
  AM	
   9	
  –	
  11	
  AM	
   12	
  –	
  2	
  PM	
   3	
  –	
  5	
  PM	
   6	
  PM	
   Daily	
  occupancy	
  
East	
  Broadway	
   27%	
   79%	
   92%	
   74%	
   97%	
   74%	
  
Pearl	
  Street	
   23%	
   68%	
   91%	
   81%	
   100%	
   72%	
  
East	
  8th	
  Avenue	
   18%	
   90%	
   99%	
   56%	
   21%	
   66%	
  
Oak	
  Street	
   33%	
   74%	
   81%	
   39%	
   17%	
   55%	
  
East	
  10th	
  Avenue	
   0%	
   50%	
   67%	
   67%	
   100%	
   54%	
  
East	
  11th	
  Avenue	
   13%	
   20%	
   42%	
   49%	
   21%	
   32%	
  
High	
  Street	
   0%	
   9%	
   26%	
   9%	
   11%	
   12%	
  
Overall	
   17%	
   51%	
   67%	
   49%	
   44%	
   48%	
  
Source:	
  Downtown	
  Eugene	
  Parking	
  Counts,	
  April	
  2013	
  
Key findings 
The	
  purpose	
  of	
  conducting	
  parking	
  counts	
  was	
  to	
  document	
  actual	
  parking	
  
conditions	
  in	
  downtown	
  and	
  to	
  compare	
  the	
  parking	
  demand	
  and	
  occupancy	
  rates	
  
between	
  the	
  free	
  and	
  metered	
  zones.	
  	
  The	
  results	
  are	
  as	
  follows:	
  	
  
1. Not all parking spaces have the same demand. 
Some	
  parking	
  spaces	
  are	
  located	
  in	
  popular	
  areas	
  of	
  downtown	
  where	
  many	
  
people	
  want	
  to	
  go,	
  and	
  others	
  are	
  located	
  further	
  away	
  from	
  desirable	
  
destinations.	
  	
  The	
  former	
  are	
  usually	
  at	
  or	
  near	
  full	
  capacity,	
  while	
  the	
  latter	
  often	
  
have	
  availability.	
  	
  These	
  parking	
  counts	
  show	
  that	
  downtown	
  Eugene	
  always	
  has	
  
available	
  on-­‐street	
  parking	
  spaces.	
  	
  The	
  caveat	
  is	
  that	
  these	
  spaces	
  are	
  not	
  spread	
  
evenly	
  throughout	
  downtown.	
  	
  While	
  some	
  areas	
  are	
  full	
  most	
  of	
  the	
  day	
  (i.e.,	
  they	
  
have	
  occupancy	
  rates	
  at	
  or	
  above	
  85	
  percent),	
  there	
  are	
  other	
  areas	
  where	
  half	
  or	
  
more	
  of	
  all	
  spaces	
  are	
  unoccupied.	
  
2. People prefer to park in free spaces. 
Even	
  with	
  similar	
  densities	
  and	
  types	
  of	
  land	
  uses,	
  the	
  metered	
  zone	
  of	
  downtown	
  
had	
  consistently	
  more	
  parking	
  availability	
  than	
  the	
  free	
  2-­‐hour	
  zone.	
  	
  When	
  the	
  
price	
  of	
  a	
  commodity	
  is	
  free,	
  people	
  are	
  more	
  likely	
  to	
  consume	
  it.	
  	
  The	
  downtown	
  
parking	
  spaces	
  operate	
  in	
  the	
  same	
  fashion	
  as	
  the	
  field	
  used	
  in	
  the	
  Tragedy	
  of	
  the	
  
Commons	
  analogy.	
  	
  When	
  land	
  is	
  free	
  or	
  unregulated,	
  farmers	
  are	
  more	
  likely	
  to	
  
place	
  their	
  livestock	
  on	
  this	
  land	
  to	
  graze.	
  	
  The	
  overconsumption	
  of	
  this	
  land	
  
degrades	
  the	
  environment.	
  	
  Similarly,	
  by	
  decreasing	
  the	
  cost	
  of	
  parking	
  in	
  some	
  
areas	
  of	
  downtown,	
  the	
  City	
  of	
  Eugene	
  entices	
  drivers	
  to	
  park	
  in	
  the	
  free	
  spaces,	
  
leading	
  to	
  high	
  parking	
  occupancy	
  and	
  cruising	
  (Shoup	
  2011,	
  7).	
  	
  A	
  few	
  minutes	
  
spent	
  searching	
  for	
  an	
  open	
  parking	
  space	
  in	
  the	
  free	
  2-­‐hour	
  zone	
  is	
  cheaper	
  than	
  
paying	
  for	
  two	
  full	
  hours	
  of	
  parking.	
  
3. Parking occupancy has increased in recent years. 
The	
  weekday	
  parking	
  occupancy	
  rate	
  of	
  the	
  free	
  zone	
  was	
  estimated	
  to	
  be	
  between	
  
30	
  and	
  60	
  percent	
  prior	
  to	
  October	
  2011,	
  about	
  63	
  percent	
  in	
  May	
  2011,	
  and	
  77	
  
percent	
  in	
  April	
  2013.	
  	
  This	
  trend	
  of	
  increasing	
  occupancy	
  rates	
  may	
  indicate	
  that	
  
the	
  free	
  2-­‐hour	
  parking	
  program	
  is	
  having	
  its	
  intended	
  effect	
  of	
  attracting	
  more	
  
people	
  downtown.	
  	
  While	
  it	
  is	
  hard	
  to	
  know	
  how	
  much	
  the	
  parking	
  program	
  itself	
  is	
  
 Page	
  |	
  24	
   	
   	
   Community	
  Planning	
  Workshop	
  
a	
  direct	
  cause	
  of	
  this,	
  it	
  is	
  a	
  positive	
  sign	
  for	
  downtown	
  Eugene.	
  	
  The	
  increasing	
  
occupancy	
  rates	
  have	
  been	
  consistent	
  with	
  the	
  recent	
  developments	
  in	
  downtown	
  
that	
  are	
  attracting	
  more	
  businesses	
  and	
  patrons.	
  	
  
 	
   Searching	
  for	
  a	
  Space	
   June	
  2013	
   Page	
  |	
  25	
   
CHAPTER 5:  CONCLUSIONS AND 
RECOMMENDATIONS 
	
  
This	
  study	
  was	
  an	
  attempt	
  to	
  determine	
  the	
  effectiveness	
  of	
  the	
  free	
  parking	
  
program	
  since	
  its	
  implementation	
  in	
  October	
  2010.	
  	
  After	
  gathering	
  the	
  thoughts	
  of	
  
downtown	
  businesses,	
  opinions	
  of	
  downtown	
  visitors	
  and	
  conducting	
  a	
  series	
  of	
  
parking	
  counts,	
  CPW	
  compiled	
  the	
  following	
  conclusions	
  and	
  recommendations	
  to	
  
help	
  the	
  City	
  improve	
  the	
  supply	
  of	
  downtown	
  parking	
  and	
  to	
  contribute	
  to	
  the	
  
revitalization	
  and	
  growth	
  of	
  downtown	
  Eugene.	
  	
  
Conclusions 
1. Businesses and downtown visitors have different perceptions of 
parking availability and the impact of free parking. 
In	
  the	
  surveys	
  of	
  businesses	
  and	
  patrons,	
  there	
  were	
  almost	
  equal	
  shares	
  of	
  people	
  
that	
  believed	
  parking	
  spaces	
  were	
  always,	
  sometimes	
  or	
  rarely	
  available	
  (see	
  Tables	
  
3	
  and	
  15).	
  	
  But	
  patrons	
  have	
  a	
  more	
  favorable	
  view	
  of	
  parking	
  availability	
  than	
  
businesses.	
  	
  Parking	
  was	
  thought	
  to	
  be	
  always	
  available	
  by	
  8	
  percent	
  of	
  businesses	
  
and	
  by	
  12	
  percent	
  of	
  patrons.	
  	
  Thirty	
  percent	
  of	
  businesses	
  thought	
  parking	
  was	
  
rarely	
  available,	
  while	
  28	
  percent	
  of	
  patrons	
  shared	
  this	
  viewpoint.	
  	
  While	
  these	
  are	
  
not	
  significant	
  differences,	
  they	
  suggest	
  businesses	
  have	
  a	
  more	
  negative	
  
assessment	
  of	
  parking	
  availability	
  than	
  the	
  people	
  who	
  are	
  actually	
  using	
  the	
  
parking.	
  
Additionally,	
  patrons	
  and	
  businesses	
  had	
  differing	
  opinions	
  about	
  the	
  impact	
  of	
  
free	
  parking	
  on	
  downtown.	
  	
  While	
  17	
  percent	
  of	
  all	
  businesses	
  noted	
  the	
  free	
  
parking	
  program	
  had	
  little	
  or	
  no	
  impact	
  on	
  improved	
  revenue,	
  76	
  percent	
  of	
  
downtown	
  visitors	
  believed	
  the	
  free	
  parking	
  program	
  had	
  a	
  positive	
  impact	
  on	
  
downtown.	
  
2. Parking occupancy rates are high in the free zone, but low in the 
metered zone. 
The	
  parking	
  counts	
  showed	
  that	
  the	
  free	
  zone	
  was	
  consistently	
  more	
  occupied	
  than	
  
the	
  metered	
  zone.	
  	
  This	
  is	
  an	
  inefficient	
  use	
  of	
  street	
  space.	
  	
  For	
  many	
  drivers,	
  the	
  
personal	
  benefits	
  to	
  parking	
  in	
  a	
  free	
  space	
  outweigh	
  the	
  cost	
  of	
  parking	
  in	
  a	
  
metered	
  location.	
  	
  The	
  possibility	
  of	
  parking	
  in	
  a	
  free	
  space	
  decreases	
  demand	
  for	
  
the	
  metered	
  space,	
  and	
  leads	
  to	
  a	
  perception	
  that	
  the	
  cost	
  of	
  $1	
  per	
  hour	
  in	
  the	
  
metered	
  zone	
  is	
  too	
  high.	
  	
  This	
  encourages	
  people	
  to	
  cruise	
  around	
  downtown	
  
Eugene	
  until	
  they	
  find	
  a	
  parking	
  space	
  that	
  is	
  free.	
  	
  By	
  cruising,	
  they	
  are	
  
contributing	
  to	
  congestion	
  and	
  emitting	
  pollution.	
  	
  Even	
  with	
  available	
  spaces	
  a	
  few	
  
blocks	
  to	
  the	
  east,	
  people	
  are	
  voting	
  with	
  their	
  wheels	
  and	
  parking	
  in	
  the	
  free	
  2-­‐
hour	
  zone.	
  	
  This	
  could	
  suggest	
  the	
  cost	
  of	
  parking	
  in	
  the	
  metered	
  zone	
  is	
  too	
  high.	
  	
  
A	
  reduction	
  in	
  the	
  cost	
  of	
  metered	
  parking	
  could	
  increase	
  occupancy	
  rates	
  in	
  the	
  
metered	
  zone	
  and	
  decrease	
  demand	
  in	
  the	
  free	
  zone.	
  
 Page	
  |	
  26	
   	
   	
   Community	
  Planning	
  Workshop	
  
The	
  high	
  occupancy	
  rate	
  of	
  parking	
  in	
  the	
  free	
  zone	
  is	
  also	
  a	
  contributing	
  factor	
  to	
  
the	
  perception	
  by	
  many	
  businesses	
  and	
  downtown	
  visitors	
  that	
  there	
  is	
  not	
  enough	
  
parking	
  available	
  downtown.	
  	
  The	
  occupancy	
  rates	
  show	
  that	
  the	
  issue	
  is	
  the	
  
limited	
  availability	
  of	
  parking,	
  not	
  a	
  lack	
  of	
  supply.	
  
3. Downtown has seen significant growth in recent years, and will 
continue to do so. 
Over	
  the	
  past	
  few	
  years,	
  there	
  has	
  been	
  a	
  renaissance	
  in	
  downtown	
  Eugene.	
  	
  
Several	
  projects	
  that	
  have	
  been	
  a	
  part	
  of	
  this	
  trend	
  include	
  the	
  redevelopment	
  of	
  
the	
  Broadway	
  Commerce	
  Center,	
  the	
  new	
  Lane	
  Community	
  College	
  Downtown	
  
Campus,	
  the	
  Inn	
  at	
  the	
  5th,	
  and	
  the	
  new	
  Woolworth	
  Building.	
  	
  A	
  number	
  of	
  other	
  
redevelopment	
  project	
  are	
  also	
  in	
  progress	
  or	
  planned	
  that	
  can	
  have	
  significant	
  
impacts	
  on	
  downtown.	
  	
  This	
  includes:	
  
• The	
  redevelopment	
  of	
  the	
  old	
  First	
  National	
  Bank	
  Building	
  (Buri	
  McDonald	
  
2013),	
  
• The	
  new	
  375-­‐unit	
  13th	
  &	
  Olive	
  Apartments,	
  commonly	
  referred	
  to	
  as	
  Capstone	
  
(Russo	
  2013a),	
  
• Plans	
  for	
  an	
  expansion	
  of	
  the	
  Shedd	
  Institute	
  onto	
  an	
  existing	
  city	
  surface	
  
parking	
  lot	
  (Russo	
  2013b),	
  
• Plans	
  for	
  a	
  new	
  mixed-­‐use	
  development	
  at	
  6th	
  Avenue	
  and	
  Oak	
  Street	
  (Wihtol	
  
2013),	
  
• And	
  the	
  ongoing	
  work	
  of	
  the	
  EWEB	
  Riverfront	
  Master	
  Plan.	
  
These	
  developments	
  are	
  bringing	
  more	
  residents,	
  businesses	
  and	
  activity	
  
downtown.	
  	
  With	
  this	
  development	
  comes	
  the	
  need	
  to	
  address	
  parking	
  issues.	
  	
  
While	
  the	
  goal	
  of	
  the	
  free	
  2-­‐hour	
  parking	
  program	
  was	
  to	
  encourage	
  more	
  people	
  
to	
  come	
  downtown,	
  the	
  projected	
  growth	
  of	
  downtown	
  over	
  the	
  next	
  few	
  years	
  
may	
  require	
  the	
  program’s	
  intention	
  (and	
  even	
  its	
  existence)	
  to	
  be	
  reevaluated.	
  
4. Different pricing levels for parking around downtown is confusing 
to drivers. 
Depending	
  on	
  where	
  someone	
  parks	
  downtown,	
  the	
  price	
  for	
  parking	
  can	
  change	
  
considerably.	
  	
  On-­‐street	
  metered	
  parking	
  and	
  most	
  city	
  garages	
  in	
  downtown	
  costs	
  	
  
$1	
  per	
  hour,	
  the	
  Hult	
  Center	
  garage	
  costs	
  $0.75	
  per	
  hour,	
  the	
  first	
  hour	
  is	
  free	
  in	
  
the	
  Overpark	
  and	
  Parcade	
  garages,	
  the	
  maximum	
  daily	
  charge	
  in	
  most	
  garages	
  is	
  
$6,	
  and	
  on	
  Saturdays	
  metered	
  parking	
  is	
  enforced	
  while	
  garages	
  are	
  free.	
  	
  The	
  cost	
  
of	
  monthly	
  parking	
  ranges	
  between	
  $40	
  and	
  $57	
  per	
  month	
  for	
  city	
  garages	
  and	
  
lots.	
  	
  Diamond	
  Parking	
  lots	
  in	
  the	
  study	
  area	
  charge	
  between	
  $45	
  and	
  $105	
  per	
  
month,	
  with	
  a	
  couple	
  of	
  lots	
  northwest	
  of	
  downtown	
  charging	
  $25	
  per	
  month.	
  	
  This	
  
variety	
  of	
  price	
  levels	
  confuses	
  drivers,	
  and	
  can	
  make	
  parking	
  downtown	
  
complicated	
  for	
  some.	
  	
  (City	
  of	
  Eugene	
  2013b;	
  Diamond	
  Parking	
  2013)	
  	
  
Recommendations 
The	
  following	
  recommendations	
  are	
  provided	
  as	
  suggestions	
  to	
  the	
  City	
  of	
  Eugene	
  
to	
  improve	
  parking	
  downtown	
  and	
  to	
  ensure	
  the	
  business	
  community	
  benefits	
  
from	
  visiting	
  customers.	
  
 	
   Searching	
  for	
  a	
  Space	
   June	
  2013	
   Page	
  |	
  27	
   
Recommendation 1: Continue to evaluate the conditions of 
downtown parking. 
Parking	
  demand	
  management	
  is	
  not	
  an	
  exact	
  science.	
  	
  Conditions	
  always	
  change	
  
and	
  it	
  is	
  important	
  to	
  know	
  how	
  new	
  conditions	
  and	
  policies	
  impact	
  the	
  demand	
  or	
  
supply	
  of	
  downtown	
  parking.	
  	
  Therefore,	
  CPW	
  encourages	
  the	
  City	
  to	
  periodically	
  
conduct	
  additional	
  surveys	
  and	
  parking	
  counts	
  to	
  understand	
  how	
  perceptions	
  and	
  
situations	
  change	
  over	
  time.	
  	
  The	
  City	
  should	
  also	
  consider	
  monitoring	
  a	
  wider	
  area	
  
of	
  downtown	
  (between	
  the	
  railroad	
  tracks	
  and	
  13th	
  Avenue),	
  and	
  to	
  conduct	
  
monitoring	
  during	
  evenings	
  and	
  overnight	
  (especially	
  as	
  more	
  housing	
  in	
  built	
  
downtown).	
  
Recommendation 2: Create performance measures for the 
downtown parking program. 
When	
  the	
  Eugene	
  City	
  Council	
  voted	
  in	
  August	
  2010	
  to	
  remove	
  meters	
  from	
  the	
  
free	
  2-­‐hour	
  zone,	
  the	
  intention	
  was	
  to	
  support	
  downtown	
  businesses	
  and	
  attract	
  
people	
  to	
  downtown	
  Eugene.	
  	
  This	
  broad	
  goal	
  did	
  not	
  establish	
  metrics	
  to	
  evaluate	
  
the	
  impacts	
  of	
  the	
  program	
  to	
  determine	
  its	
  level	
  of	
  success.	
  	
  The	
  City	
  should	
  
develop	
  performance	
  measures	
  to	
  more	
  directly	
  track	
  the	
  impacts	
  of	
  downtown’s	
  
parking	
  policies.	
  
Recommendation 3: Establish a sunset provision for the termination 
of the free 2-hour zone. 
CPW	
  suggests	
  the	
  City	
  Council	
  create	
  a	
  sunset	
  provision	
  that	
  terminates	
  the	
  free	
  
parking	
  when	
  the	
  performance	
  measures	
  indicate	
  the	
  program	
  has	
  achieved	
  its	
  
intended	
  impacts.	
  	
  If	
  the	
  program	
  is	
  successful,	
  or	
  if	
  there	
  is	
  no	
  longer	
  a	
  need	
  for	
  
free	
  parking	
  to	
  meet	
  the	
  original	
  goals,	
  the	
  free	
  program	
  should	
  be	
  discontinued	
  
and	
  paid	
  parking	
  returned	
  to	
  the	
  streets.	
  
The	
  City	
  should	
  also	
  consider	
  reintroducing	
  metered	
  parking	
  in	
  certain	
  areas	
  of	
  the	
  
free	
  zone	
  where	
  the	
  performance	
  measures	
  indicate	
  higher	
  parking	
  occupancies	
  
and	
  demand.	
  	
  For	
  example,	
  the	
  new	
  13th	
  &	
  Olive	
  Apartments	
  (Capstone)	
  could	
  
increase	
  parking	
  demand	
  on	
  11th	
  Avenue,	
  and	
  on	
  Olive	
  and	
  Willamette	
  Streets	
  
south	
  of	
  10th	
  Avenue.	
  	
  The	
  increased	
  demand	
  for	
  parking	
  could	
  make	
  it	
  worth	
  
considering	
  whether	
  to	
  reintroduce	
  metered	
  parking	
  in	
  this	
  area	
  while	
  continuing	
  
the	
  free	
  zone	
  elsewhere.	
  
Recommendation 4: Educate downtown employees about alternative 
options to on-street parking. 
As	
  the	
  business	
  community	
  is	
  concerned	
  about	
  employees	
  abusing	
  the	
  supply	
  of	
  
free	
  parking	
  downtown,	
  the	
  City	
  should	
  conduct	
  an	
  education	
  campaign	
  to	
  
encourage	
  employees	
  to	
  park	
  their	
  vehicles	
  in	
  garages,	
  or	
  use	
  other	
  transportation	
  
options.	
  	
  Since	
  the	
  availability	
  of	
  on-­‐street	
  parking	
  spaces	
  has	
  direct	
  impacts	
  on	
  the	
  
sales	
  revenue	
  of	
  a	
  business,	
  it	
  is	
  counter-­‐productive	
  to	
  allow	
  employees	
  to	
  park	
  on	
  
the	
  street	
  throughout	
  an	
  entire	
  day.	
  	
  Additionally,	
  employees	
  should	
  be	
  
encouraged	
  to	
  walk,	
  bike	
  or	
  take	
  transit	
  to	
  downtown	
  Eugene	
  to	
  decrease	
  demand	
  
of	
  parking	
  spaces.	
  
 Page	
  |	
  28	
   	
   	
   Community	
  Planning	
  Workshop	
  
Recommendation 5: Implement variable pricing of parking meters by 
hour and location. 
CPW	
  is	
  recommending	
  the	
  City	
  of	
  Eugene	
  charge	
  different	
  parking	
  rates	
  based	
  on	
  
the	
  location,	
  day	
  and	
  hour	
  to	
  achieve	
  an	
  optimal	
  occupancy	
  rate	
  of	
  85	
  percent.	
  	
  The	
  
City	
  Council	
  should	
  not	
  look	
  at	
  metered	
  parking	
  as	
  a	
  revenue	
  source.	
  	
  Instead,	
  
metered	
  parking	
  should	
  be	
  seen	
  as	
  a	
  way	
  to	
  add	
  vitality	
  to	
  downtown	
  Eugene.	
  	
  
Metered	
  parking	
  should	
  be	
  used	
  to	
  ensure	
  turnover	
  and	
  manage	
  parking	
  demand.	
  	
  
By	
  using	
  variable	
  pricing,	
  the	
  City	
  can	
  achieve	
  the	
  desired	
  85	
  percent	
  occupancy	
  
rate.	
  	
  At	
  this	
  level,	
  parking	
  is	
  well	
  utilized	
  but	
  not	
  full	
  enough	
  to	
  make	
  it	
  difficult	
  for	
  
drivers	
  to	
  find	
  open	
  spaces.	
  	
  Currently,	
  some	
  streets	
  in	
  downtown	
  Eugene	
  are	
  
almost	
  always	
  full,	
  while	
  others	
  rarely	
  see	
  occupancy	
  rates	
  exceed	
  10	
  percent.	
  	
  
Changing	
  the	
  pricing	
  for	
  parking	
  on	
  each	
  block	
  face	
  to	
  achieve	
  similar	
  levels	
  of	
  
parking	
  occupancy	
  ensures	
  efficient	
  use	
  of	
  all	
  curbside	
  spaces	
  in	
  the	
  downtown	
  
area.	
  	
  Additionally,	
  as	
  downtown	
  continues	
  to	
  develop	
  in	
  the	
  next	
  few	
  years	
  and	
  
people	
  begin	
  to	
  return	
  downtown,	
  parking	
  meter	
  rates	
  will	
  be	
  able	
  to	
  manage	
  that	
  
demand.	
  
Recommendation 6: Use meter revenue locally. 
Part	
  of	
  the	
  revenue	
  generated	
  from	
  parking	
  meters	
  goes	
  to	
  the	
  city’s	
  general	
  fund.	
  	
  
CPW	
  recommends	
  the	
  City	
  reallocate	
  this	
  money	
  (partially	
  or	
  in	
  full)	
  to	
  fund	
  local	
  
downtown	
  services.	
  	
  For	
  example,	
  this	
  money	
  can	
  used	
  to	
  improve	
  the	
  streetscape	
  
with	
  more	
  planters,	
  pay	
  for	
  more	
  Downtown	
  Guides	
  to	
  ensure	
  public	
  safety,	
  
improve	
  façades	
  and	
  lighting,	
  or	
  to	
  provide	
  other	
  downtown	
  services.	
  	
  This	
  
investment	
  in	
  parking	
  money	
  can	
  encourage	
  downtown’s	
  efforts	
  to	
  remain	
  
attractive	
  and	
  support	
  the	
  business	
  community.	
  	
  It	
  is	
  expected	
  that	
  the	
  community	
  
would	
  be	
  opposed	
  to	
  reintroducing	
  metered	
  parking	
  in	
  the	
  free	
  zone.	
  	
  But	
  if	
  the	
  
business	
  community	
  and	
  the	
  public	
  understood	
  that	
  the	
  money	
  for	
  parking	
  would	
  
be	
  reinvested	
  locally	
  into	
  downtown	
  for	
  pubic	
  improvements,	
  there	
  may	
  be	
  less	
  
opposition.	
  
Recommendation 7: Develop better pedestrian, bicycle and transit 
infrastructure. 
Part	
  of	
  the	
  solution	
  to	
  improving	
  downtown’s	
  parking	
  conditions	
  is	
  to	
  decrease	
  
demand.	
  	
  By	
  encouraging	
  people	
  to	
  walk,	
  bike	
  or	
  take	
  transit	
  to	
  downtown	
  Eugene,	
  
the	
  City	
  is	
  likely	
  to	
  decrease	
  the	
  high	
  demand	
  that	
  already	
  exists	
  on	
  its	
  curbside	
  
spaces.	
  	
  This	
  encouragement	
  can	
  be	
  through	
  infrastructure	
  projects	
  or	
  more	
  cost-­‐
efficient	
  methods	
  of	
  education	
  and	
  outreach.	
  	
  Making	
  it	
  easier	
  and	
  safer	
  for	
  people	
  
to	
  travel	
  by	
  public	
  or	
  active	
  transportation	
  into	
  downtown	
  Eugene	
  can	
  also	
  attract	
  
other	
  people	
  who	
  previously	
  did	
  not	
  come	
  downtown,	
  creating	
  wider	
  benefits	
  for	
  
downtown	
  businesses.	
  
Bicycle	
  parking	
  is	
  one	
  example.	
  	
  Lane	
  Transit	
  District’s	
  regional	
  transportation	
  
options	
  program,	
  point2point	
  Solutions,	
  recently	
  conducted	
  a	
  Regional	
  Bike	
  Parking	
  
Study	
  and	
  found	
  high	
  demand	
  for	
  bike	
  parking	
  in	
  downtown	
  Eugene.	
  	
  	
  As	
  part	
  of	
  
their	
  preliminary	
  recommendations,	
  bike	
  corrals	
  are	
  recommended	
  for	
  much	
  of	
  the	
  
area	
  currently	
  served	
  by	
  the	
  free	
  2-­‐hour	
  zone	
  (Lane	
  Transit	
  District	
  2013).	
  	
  Bike	
  
corrals	
  are	
  bike	
  racks	
  located	
  in	
  the	
  street	
  and	
  usually	
  require	
  removing	
  parking	
  
 	
   Searching	
  for	
  a	
  Space	
   June	
  2013	
   Page	
  |	
  29	
   
spaces.	
  	
  By	
  replacing	
  one	
  parking	
  space	
  with	
  room	
  for	
  as	
  few	
  as	
  ten	
  bicycles,	
  there	
  
would	
  be	
  less	
  automobile	
  parking	
  availability,	
  but	
  more	
  spaces	
  for	
  people	
  to	
  come	
  
downtown	
  by	
  bicycle,	
  reducing	
  the	
  need	
  for	
  car	
  parking	
  spaces.	
  	
  Any	
  loss	
  in	
  parking	
  
availability	
  could	
  be	
  managed	
  through	
  the	
  variable	
  pricing	
  discussed	
  in	
  
Recommendation	
  5.	
  
Areas for further study 
The	
  following	
  are	
  recommendations	
  on	
  ways	
  this	
  study	
  can	
  be	
  improved	
  for	
  future	
  
evaluations	
  of	
  downtown	
  Eugene’s	
  parking	
  program.	
  
1. Add a location question in the business survey to identify the 
businesses within the free zone. 
The	
  business	
  survey	
  was	
  administered	
  to	
  many	
  businesses	
  throughout	
  downtown	
  
Eugene,	
  without	
  regard	
  to	
  the	
  location	
  within	
  the	
  free	
  parking	
  zone	
  or	
  not.	
  	
  In	
  the	
  
survey,	
  there	
  was	
  also	
  no	
  question	
  that	
  asked	
  for	
  businesses	
  to	
  indicate	
  whether	
  or	
  
not	
  they	
  are	
  located	
  in	
  the	
  free	
  zone.	
  	
  Therefore,	
  no	
  survey	
  responses	
  were	
  
specifically	
  representative	
  of	
  free	
  zone	
  businesses.	
  	
  By	
  administering	
  the	
  survey	
  to	
  
businesses	
  only	
  in	
  the	
  free	
  zone,	
  this	
  study	
  can	
  begin	
  to	
  understand	
  how	
  the	
  free	
  
zone	
  has	
  impacted	
  those	
  specific	
  businesses	
  and	
  compare	
  that	
  to	
  businesses	
  
outside	
  the	
  free	
  zone.	
  	
  This	
  information	
  will	
  identify	
  whether	
  or	
  not	
  the	
  free	
  zone	
  
has	
  had	
  its	
  intended	
  impacts	
  of	
  supporting	
  patronage	
  of	
  businesses.	
  
2. In addition to parking counts, study parking turnover rates. 
Parking	
  counts	
  are	
  a	
  good	
  way	
  to	
  understand	
  parking	
  occupancy	
  and	
  daily	
  trends.	
  	
  
But	
  by	
  itself,	
  these	
  figures	
  don’t	
  show	
  the	
  full	
  picture	
  of	
  parking	
  demand	
  in	
  
downtown	
  Eugene.	
  	
  CPW	
  recommends	
  further	
  studies	
  look	
  into	
  turnover	
  rates	
  of	
  
parked	
  cars.	
  	
  This	
  data	
  will	
  help	
  understand	
  how	
  long	
  cars	
  are	
  actually	
  parking.	
  	
  
High	
  turnover	
  rates	
  are	
  a	
  sign	
  of	
  healthy	
  curbside	
  parking.	
  
3. Conduct an online survey of downtown visitors. 
The	
  intercept	
  survey	
  was	
  a	
  useful	
  tool	
  in	
  understanding	
  how	
  drivers	
  use	
  and	
  
perceive	
  parking	
  conditions	
  downtown.	
  	
  It	
  was,	
  however,	
  a	
  time-­‐consuming	
  
process.	
  	
  CPW	
  recommends	
  future	
  surveys	
  of	
  downtown	
  visitors	
  be	
  conducted	
  
electronically.	
  	
  Postcards	
  could	
  be	
  placed	
  on	
  the	
  windshields	
  of	
  parked	
  cars	
  
directing	
  drivers	
  to	
  an	
  online	
  downtown	
  parking	
  survey.	
  	
  This	
  would	
  eliminate	
  the	
  
need	
  for	
  research	
  assistants	
  to	
  walk	
  around	
  downtown,	
  asking	
  people	
  to	
  take	
  the	
  
survey.	
  	
  It	
  would	
  also	
  allow	
  for	
  a	
  wider	
  variety	
  of	
  people	
  to	
  provide	
  their	
  responses	
  
to	
  the	
  survey.	
  	
  When	
  CPW	
  conducted	
  the	
  survey,	
  it	
  was	
  completed	
  during	
  
afternoon	
  hours,	
  when	
  the	
  research	
  assistant	
  was	
  available.	
  	
  Therefore,	
  CPW	
  did	
  
not	
  obtain	
  responses	
  from	
  people	
  who	
  parked	
  earlier	
  in	
  the	
  day	
  when	
  conditions	
  
are	
  different.	
  	
  By	
  placing	
  postcards	
  on	
  cars,	
  there	
  is	
  a	
  higher	
  likelihood	
  a	
  wider	
  
range	
  of	
  people	
  will	
  be	
  included.	
  
4. Understand the entire supply of parking downtown. 
While	
  on-­‐street	
  parking	
  spaces	
  are	
  one	
  of	
  the	
  most	
  important	
  components	
  of	
  the	
  
downtown	
  parking	
  supply,	
  all	
  parking	
  is	
  interrelated.	
  	
  CPW	
  suggests	
  further	
  studies	
  
 Page	
  |	
  30	
   	
   	
   Community	
  Planning	
  Workshop	
  
be	
  completed	
  that	
  can	
  assess	
  the	
  entire	
  supply	
  and	
  condition	
  of	
  downtown	
  
parking.	
  	
  This	
  should	
  include	
  on-­‐street	
  spaces,	
  parking	
  lots,	
  garages	
  and	
  private	
  
business	
  parking.	
  
5. Conduct multiple Saturday counts. 
To	
  ensure	
  more	
  accurate	
  data	
  of	
  Saturday	
  parking	
  occupancy	
  trends,	
  data	
  should	
  
be	
  collected	
  with	
  the	
  same	
  rigor	
  as	
  weekday	
  counts.	
  	
  Counting	
  cars	
  three	
  different	
  
times	
  for	
  each	
  hour	
  will	
  be	
  effective	
  in	
  ensuring	
  the	
  data	
  collected	
  is	
  representative	
  
of	
  normal	
  parking	
  conditions.	
  	
  Additionally,	
  CPW	
  recommends	
  that	
  counts	
  be	
  
conducted	
  in	
  months	
  when	
  the	
  Saturday	
  Market	
  is	
  in	
  effect	
  as	
  well	
  as	
  when	
  it	
  is	
  
not.	
  	
  The	
  difference	
  in	
  parking	
  occupancy	
  and	
  demand	
  between	
  the	
  winter	
  and	
  
summer	
  months	
  is	
  important	
  to	
  understand	
  parking	
  trends.	
  
 	
   Searching	
  for	
  a	
  Space	
   June	
  2013	
   Page	
  |	
  31	
   
APPENDICES 
	
  
Appendix A: Business survey invitation 
The	
  following	
  is	
  a	
  copy	
  of	
  the	
  e-­‐mail	
  that	
  was	
  sent	
  out	
  to	
  downtown	
  businesses	
  asking	
  
for	
  their	
  participation	
  in	
  the	
  parking	
  survey.	
  
We	
  are	
  conducting	
  a	
  survey	
  on	
  the	
  2-­‐hour	
  free	
  parking	
  program	
  in	
  
downtown.	
  The	
  survey	
  takes	
  two	
  minutes	
  to	
  complete	
  and	
  your	
  response	
  
would	
  be	
  appreciated.	
  
Here	
  is	
  a	
  link	
  to	
  the	
  survey:	
  	
  [SurveyLink]	
  
This	
  link	
  is	
  uniquely	
  tied	
  to	
  this	
  survey	
  and	
  your	
  email	
  address.	
  Please	
  do	
  
not	
  forward	
  this	
  message.	
  
Thanks	
  for	
  your	
  participation!	
  
Please	
  note:	
  If	
  you	
  do	
  not	
  wish	
  to	
  receive	
  further	
  emails	
  from	
  us,	
  please	
  
click	
  the	
  link	
  below,	
  and	
  you	
  will	
  be	
  automatically	
  removed	
  from	
  our	
  
mailing	
  list.	
  
Appendix B: Business survey 
The	
  following	
  is	
  a	
  copy	
  of	
  the	
  survey	
  sent	
  out	
  to	
  businesses.	
  
1. In	
  general,	
  how	
  available	
  are	
  on-­‐street	
  parking	
  spaces	
  in	
  downtown?	
  (Rarely	
  
available;	
  Sometimes	
  available;	
  Always	
  available)	
  
2. Thinking	
  about	
  the	
  Monday	
  thru	
  Friday	
  work	
  week,	
  select	
  the	
  time(s)	
  of	
  day	
  
when	
  you	
  think	
  it	
  is	
  busiest	
  downtown.	
  (Morning;	
  Mid-­‐day;	
  Afternoon;	
  
Evening)	
  
3. Now,	
  select	
  the	
  time(s)	
  of	
  day	
  during	
  the	
  weekend	
  when	
  you	
  think	
  it	
  is	
  busiest	
  
downtown.	
  	
  (Morning;	
  Mid-­‐day;	
  Afternoon;	
  Evening)	
  
Tell	
  us	
  whether	
  you	
  agree	
  or	
  disagree	
  with	
  the	
  following	
  statements:	
  
4. Neighboring	
  businesses	
  use	
  more	
  than	
  their	
  share	
  of	
  on-­‐street	
  parking.	
  (Agree;	
  
Disagree;	
  Not	
  Sure)	
  
5. Downtown	
  employees	
  use	
  free	
  on-­‐street	
  parking.	
  (Agree;	
  Disagree;	
  Not	
  Sure)	
  
6. The	
  2-­‐hour	
  Free	
  Parking	
  Program	
  has	
  had	
  negative	
  effects	
  on	
  downtown.	
  
(Agree;	
  Disagree;	
  Not	
  Sure)	
  
7. The	
  2-­‐hour	
  Free	
  Parking	
  Program	
  has	
  had	
  positive	
  effects	
  on	
  downtown.	
  
(Agree;	
  Disagree;	
  Not	
  Sure)	
  
8. I	
  support	
  a	
  free	
  parking	
  program	
  in	
  downtown.	
  (Agree;	
  Disagree;	
  Not	
  Sure)	
  
9. I	
  would	
  be	
  willing	
  to	
  pay	
  some	
  amount	
  to	
  maintain	
  free	
  on-­‐street	
  parking	
  
downtown.	
  (Agree;	
  Disagree;	
  Not	
  Sure)	
  
	
  
10. Overall,	
  how	
  well	
  is	
  the	
  current	
  2-­‐hour	
  free	
  parking	
  program	
  working	
  in	
  the	
  
downtown	
  core?	
  (Working	
  well;	
  Working	
  somewhat;	
  Not	
  working;	
  Unsure)	
  
 Page	
  |	
  32	
   	
   	
   Community	
  Planning	
  Workshop	
  
11. If	
  you	
  feel	
  the	
  program	
  is	
  not	
  working	
  well,	
  please	
  explain	
  why	
  you	
  feel	
  that	
  
way.	
  
12. What	
  do	
  you	
  estimate	
  is	
  the	
  average	
  length	
  of	
  time	
  your	
  customer	
  parks	
  in	
  the	
  
downtown	
  on	
  a	
  typical	
  visit?	
  (Less	
  than	
  one	
  hour;	
  1	
  –	
  2	
  hours;	
  2	
  –	
  4	
  hours;	
  4	
  –	
  6	
  
hours;	
  Not	
  sure)	
  
13. Where	
  do	
  your	
  customers	
  park	
  most	
  often?	
  (Select	
  all	
  that	
  apply)	
  (On-­‐street;	
  
Overpark	
  Garage	
  (10th	
  &	
  Oak);	
  Parcade	
  Garage	
  (8th	
  &	
  Willamette);	
  Other	
  City	
  
garage	
  or	
  lot;	
  Private	
  off-­‐street	
  lot;	
  Not	
  sure)	
  
14. How	
  many	
  patrons	
  do	
  you	
  have	
  on	
  an	
  average	
  day?	
  (0	
  –	
  5;	
  5	
  –	
  10;	
  10	
  –	
  20;	
  20	
  –	
  
50;	
  50	
  –	
  100;	
  More	
  than	
  100).	
  
15. How	
  many	
  employees	
  work	
  at	
  your	
  business?	
  (0	
  –	
  5;	
  5	
  –	
  10;	
  10	
  –	
  20;	
  20	
  –	
  50;	
  
50	
  –	
  100;	
  More	
  than	
  100)	
  
16. Do	
  you	
  encourage	
  your	
  employees	
  to	
  use	
  off-­‐street	
  parking?	
  (i.e.	
  city	
  garages;	
  
private	
  lots)	
  (Yes;	
  No)	
  
17. Where	
  do	
  your	
  employees	
  park	
  most	
  often?	
  (Select	
  all	
  that	
  apply)	
  (On-­‐street,	
  
Reserved	
  space;	
  Overpark	
  Garage	
  (10th	
  &	
  Oak);	
  Parcade	
  Garage	
  (8th	
  &	
  
Willamette);	
  Private	
  off-­‐street	
  lot;	
  Not	
  sure;	
  Other	
  (please	
  specify))	
  
	
  
Please	
  answer	
  the	
  following	
  two	
  questions:	
  
18. Compared	
  to	
  two	
  years	
  ago,	
  have	
  you	
  noticed	
  a	
  change	
  in	
  patron	
  volume?	
  
(Decreased	
  significantly;	
  Decreased	
  slightly;	
  Stayed	
  the	
  same;	
  Increased	
  
slightly;	
  Increased	
  slightly)	
  
19. Compared	
  to	
  two	
  years	
  ago,	
  have	
  you	
  notice	
  a	
  change	
  in	
  your	
  sales	
  revenue?	
  
(Decreased	
  significantly;	
  Decreased	
  slightly;	
  Stayed	
  the	
  same;	
  Increased	
  
slightly;	
  Increased	
  slightly)	
  
	
  
20. If	
  revenue	
  for	
  your	
  business	
  went	
  up,	
  how	
  much	
  do	
  you	
  think	
  the	
  free	
  parking	
  
program	
  contributed	
  to	
  the	
  revenue	
  increase?	
  (Not	
  at	
  all;	
  A	
  little	
  bit;	
  Some,	
  A	
  
lot)	
  
21. Which	
  of	
  the	
  following	
  best	
  describes	
  you?	
  (Downtown	
  business	
  owner;	
  
Manager	
  of	
  a	
  downtown	
  business;	
  Downtown	
  property	
  owner)	
  
22. Select	
  the	
  category	
  that	
  best	
  describes	
  your	
  business.	
  (Retail;	
  Real	
  estate;	
  
Professional	
  services;	
  Arts,	
  entertainment	
  and	
  recreation;	
  Finance	
  and	
  
insurance;	
  Social	
  services;	
  Other	
  (please	
  specify))	
  
 	
   Searching	
  for	
  a	
  Space	
   June	
  2013	
   Page	
  |	
  33	
   
Appendix C: Intercept survey 
The	
  following	
  is	
  a	
  copy	
  of	
  the	
  survey	
  used	
  to	
  interview	
  people	
  parking	
  downtown.	
  
	
  
2013	
  Downtown	
  Eugene	
  Parking	
  Survey	
  
My	
  name	
  is	
  Paul	
  Leitman.	
  	
  I	
  am	
  a	
  researcher	
  with	
  the	
  Community	
  Service	
  Center	
  at	
  the	
  
University	
  of	
  Oregon	
  and	
  am	
  studying	
  parking	
  conditions	
  in	
  downtown	
  Eugene.	
  	
  Do	
  you	
  
have	
  a	
  couple	
  of	
  minutes	
  to	
  answer	
  a	
  few	
  questions	
  about	
  downtown	
  parking?	
  The	
  City	
  is	
  
conducting	
  an	
  evaluation	
  of	
  the	
  downtown	
  free	
  parking	
  program.	
  This	
  survey	
  is	
  a	
  part	
  of	
  
that	
  analysis.	
  The	
  survey	
  results	
  will	
  be	
  presented	
  to	
  Downtown	
  Eugene,	
  Inc.	
  and	
  the	
  City	
  of	
  
Eugene,	
  and	
  incorporated	
  into	
  a	
  Master’s	
  project.	
  
	
  
Your	
  participation	
  in	
  this	
  survey	
  is	
  voluntary;	
  you	
  are	
  free	
  to	
  not	
  answer	
  questions	
  and	
  
conclude	
  the	
  survey	
  at	
  any	
  time.	
  	
  Your	
  refusal	
  to	
  participate	
  will	
  not	
  affect	
  your	
  relationship	
  
with	
  Downtown	
  Eugene,	
  Inc.,	
  the	
  City	
  of	
  Eugene	
  or	
  the	
  University	
  of	
  Oregon.	
  	
  If	
  you	
  have	
  
any	
  questions	
  about	
  this	
  research,	
  please	
  contact	
  Robert	
  Parker,	
  Director	
  University	
  of	
  
Oregon	
  Community	
  Service	
  Center	
  at	
  541.346.3801.	
  
	
  
Part	
  I:	
  Visiting	
  Downtown	
  
1.	
   How	
  often	
  do	
  you	
  visit	
  downtown?	
  
	
   □	
  Every	
  day	
  	
  	
  	
  □	
  Several	
  days	
  per	
  week	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  □	
  Once	
  a	
  week	
   □	
  Several	
  times	
  a	
  month	
  
	
   □	
  Once	
  a	
  month	
  or	
  less	
  often	
  
	
  
2.	
   What	
  day(s)	
  do	
  you	
  usually	
  visit	
  downtown?	
  	
  Select	
  all	
  that	
  apply.	
  
	
   □	
  Monday	
  	
  	
  	
  □	
  Tuesday	
  	
  	
  	
  □	
  Wednesday	
  	
  	
  	
  □	
  Thursday	
  	
  	
  	
  □	
  Friday	
  	
  	
  	
  □	
  Saturday	
  	
  	
  	
  □	
  Sunday	
  
	
  
3.	
   What	
  times	
  do	
  you	
  usually	
  visit	
  downtown?	
  	
  Select	
  all	
  that	
  apply.	
  
	
   □	
  Before	
  7	
  AM	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  □	
  7	
  AM	
  –	
  10	
  AM	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  □	
  10	
  AM	
  –	
  2	
  PM	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  □	
  2	
  PM	
  –	
  6	
  PM	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  □	
  After	
  6	
  PM	
  	
  
	
  
4.	
   How	
  long	
  do	
  you	
  usually	
  stay	
  downtown?	
  
	
   □	
  Less	
  than	
  one	
  hour	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  □	
  1-­‐2	
  hours	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  □	
  2-­‐4	
  hours	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  □	
  4-­‐6	
  hours	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  □	
  More	
  than	
  6	
  hours	
  
	
  
5.	
   Why	
  do	
  you	
  usually	
  come	
  downtown?	
  	
  Select	
  all	
  that	
  apply.	
  
	
   □	
  Work	
   □	
  Shopping	
   □	
  Eating	
   □	
  Other	
  ________________	
  
	
  
6.	
   Do	
  you	
  ever	
  use	
  other	
  modes	
  to	
  come	
  downtown?	
  
	
   □	
  No	
  
	
   □	
  Yes	
   Which	
  ones?	
  	
  Select	
  all	
  that	
  apply?	
  
	
   	
   	
   	
   □	
  Walk	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  □	
  Bicycle	
   □	
  Transit	
   □	
  Other	
  ____________	
  
	
  
Part	
  II:	
  Parking	
  
7.	
   Is	
  this	
  where	
  you	
  usually	
  park	
  when	
  you	
  come	
  downtown?	
  
	
   □	
  Yes	
  
	
   □	
  No	
   Where	
  do	
  you	
  usually	
  park?	
  __________________________	
  
	
  
8.	
   What	
  types	
  of	
  parking	
  do	
  you	
  usually	
  use?	
  	
  Select	
  all	
  that	
  apply.	
  
	
   □	
  On-­‐street	
  parking	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  □	
  City	
  garage/lot	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  □	
  Private	
  off-­‐street/business	
  parking	
  
	
  
 Page	
  |	
  34	
   	
   	
   Community	
  Planning	
  Workshop	
  
9.	
   How	
  long	
  do	
  you	
  usually	
  occupy	
  the	
  space?	
  
	
   □	
  Less	
  than	
  one	
  hour	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  □	
  1-­‐2	
  hours	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  □	
  2-­‐4	
  hours	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  □	
  4-­‐6	
  hours	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  □	
  More	
  than	
  6	
  hours	
  
	
  
10.	
  How	
  often	
  do	
  you	
  find	
  on-­‐street	
  parking	
  where	
  you	
  want	
  it?	
  
	
   □	
  Always	
   	
   □	
  Sometimes	
   	
   □	
  Rarely	
  
	
  
11.	
  What	
  impact	
  do	
  you	
  perceive	
  free	
  parking	
  to	
  have	
  on	
  downtown?	
  
	
   □	
  Positive	
   	
   □	
  Negative	
   	
   □	
  Not	
  sure/Don’t	
  know	
  
	
  
12.	
   If	
  you	
  had	
  to	
  pay	
  for	
  downtown	
  parking,	
  would	
  you	
  come	
  downtown	
  less	
  often?	
  
	
   □	
  Yes	
   □	
  No	
  
	
  
13.	
  Do	
  you	
  have	
  any	
  comments	
  about	
  downtown	
  parking?	
  
	
   _______________________________________________________________________	
  
	
   _______________________________________________________________________	
  
 	
   Searching	
  for	
  a	
  Space	
   June	
  2013	
   Page	
  |	
  35	
   
Appendix D: Weekday parking count data 
The	
  following	
  are	
  the	
  data	
  sets	
  collected	
  during	
  the	
  weekday	
  parking	
  counts.	
  	
  The	
  data	
  
is	
  organized	
  by	
  hour	
  of	
  the	
  day.	
  	
  Highlighted	
  cells	
  indicate	
  occupancies	
  at	
  or	
  above	
  85	
  
percent.	
  	
  The	
  map	
  that	
  follows	
  each	
  table	
  shows	
  the	
  percent	
  of	
  spaces	
  on	
  each	
  block	
  
face	
  that	
  are	
  occupied.	
  
	
  
Weekday	
  7	
  AM	
  (April	
  2,	
  3	
  and	
  4)	
  
Street	
   Capacity	
   Count	
  1	
   Count	
  2	
   Count	
  3	
   Average	
  number	
  of	
  cars	
  
Percent	
  
occupancy	
  
West	
  8th	
  Avenue	
   47	
   20	
   23	
   12	
   18.33	
   39%	
  
East	
  8th	
  Avenue	
   33	
   2	
   4	
   3	
   3.00	
   9%	
  
West	
  Broadway	
   45	
   19	
   19	
   22	
   20.00	
   44%	
  
East	
  Broadway	
   32	
   8	
   5	
   4	
   5.67	
   18%	
  
West	
  10th	
  Avenue	
   10	
   1	
   2	
   3	
   2.00	
   20%	
  
East	
  10th	
  Avenue	
   2	
   2	
   2	
   1	
   1.67	
   83%	
  
West	
  11th	
  Avenue	
   23	
   5	
   3	
   6	
   4.67	
   20%	
  
East	
  11th	
  Avenue	
   34	
   4	
   3	
   4	
   3.67	
   11%	
  
Lincoln	
  Street	
   33	
   11	
   9	
   7	
   9.00	
   27%	
  
Charnelton	
  Street	
   67	
   40	
   43	
   31	
   38.00	
   57%	
  
Olive	
  Street	
   26	
   5	
   9	
   6	
   6.67	
   26%	
  
Willamette	
  Street	
   36	
   25	
   32	
   22	
   26.33	
   73%	
  
Oak	
  Street	
   26	
   0	
   0	
   2	
   0.67	
   3%	
  
Pearl	
  Street	
   31	
   0	
   6	
   6	
   4.00	
   13%	
  
High	
  Street	
   46	
   2	
   0	
   1	
   1.00	
   2%	
  
Park	
  Street	
   70	
   5	
   12	
   11	
   9.33	
   13%	
  
	
  
	
  
 Page	
  |	
  36	
   	
   	
   Community	
  Planning	
  Workshop	
  
Weekday	
  8	
  AM	
  (April	
  2,	
  3	
  and	
  4)	
  
Street	
   Capacity	
   Count	
  1	
   Count	
  2	
   Count	
  3	
   Average	
  number	
  of	
  cars	
  
Percent	
  
occupancy	
  
West	
  8th	
  Avenue	
   47	
   19	
   23	
   33	
   25.00	
   53%	
  
East	
  8th	
  Avenue	
   33	
   13	
   10	
   11	
   11.33	
   34%	
  
West	
  Broadway	
   45	
   23	
   25	
   31	
   26.33	
   59%	
  
East	
  Broadway	
   32	
   12	
   10	
   14	
   12.00	
   38%	
  
West	
  10th	
  Avenue	
   10	
   1	
   3	
   5	
   3.00	
   30%	
  
East	
  10th	
  Avenue	
   2	
   0	
   0	
   0	
   0.00	
   0%	
  
West	
  11th	
  Avenue	
   23	
   10	
   7	
   6	
   7.67	
   33%	
  
East	
  11th	
  Avenue	
   34	
   4	
   3	
   2	
   3.00	
   9%	
  
Lincoln	
  Street	
   33	
   15	
   14	
   9	
   12.33	
   37%	
  
Charnelton	
  Street	
   67	
   29	
   34	
   41	
   34.67	
   52%	
  
Olive	
  Street	
   26	
   8	
   21	
   12	
   13.67	
   53%	
  
Willamette	
  Street	
   36	
   26	
   25	
   27	
   26.00	
   72%	
  
Oak	
  Street	
   26	
   13	
   7	
   4	
   8.00	
   31%	
  
Pearl	
  Street	
   31	
   9	
   15	
   12	
   12.00	
   39%	
  
High	
  Street	
   46	
   1	
   3	
   0	
   1.33	
   3%	
  
Park	
  Street	
   70	
   16	
   18	
   17	
   17.00	
   24%	
  
	
  
	
  
 	
   Searching	
  for	
  a	
  Space	
   June	
  2013	
   Page	
  |	
  37	
   
Weekday	
  9	
  AM	
  (April	
  3,	
  5	
  and	
  10)	
  
Street	
   Capacity	
   Count	
  1	
   Count	
  2	
   Count	
  3	
   Average	
  number	
  of	
  cars	
  
Percent	
  
occupancy	
  
West	
  8th	
  Avenue	
   47	
   30	
   37	
   35	
   34.00	
   72%	
  
East	
  8th	
  Avenue	
   33	
   21	
   26	
   26	
   24.33	
   74%	
  
West	
  Broadway	
   45	
   43	
   42	
   46	
   43.67	
   97%	
  
East	
  Broadway	
   32	
   16	
   20	
   15	
   17.00	
   53%	
  
West	
  10th	
  Avenue	
   10	
   6	
   6	
   8	
   6.67	
   67%	
  
East	
  10th	
  Avenue	
   2	
   0	
   1	
   1	
   0.67	
   33%	
  
West	
  11th	
  Avenue	
   23	
   15	
   11	
   13	
   13.00	
   57%	
  
East	
  11th	
  Avenue	
   34	
   5	
   4	
   1	
   3.33	
   10%	
  
Lincoln	
  Street	
   33	
   17	
   16	
   20	
   17.67	
   54%	
  
Charnelton	
  Street	
   67	
   46	
   51	
   50	
   49.00	
   73%	
  
Olive	
  Street	
   26	
   23	
   23	
   20	
   22.00	
   85%	
  
Willamette	
  Street	
   36	
   32	
   35	
   33	
   33.33	
   93%	
  
Oak	
  Street	
   26	
   8	
   9	
   12	
   9.67	
   37%	
  
Pearl	
  Street	
   31	
   11	
   8	
   11	
   10.00	
   32%	
  
High	
  Street	
   46	
   2	
   1	
   0	
   1.00	
   2%	
  
Park	
  Street	
   70	
   41	
   34	
   29	
   34.67	
   50%	
  
	
  
	
  
 Page	
  |	
  38	
   	
   	
   Community	
  Planning	
  Workshop	
  
Weekday	
  10	
  AM	
  (April	
  1,	
  5	
  and	
  8)	
  
Street	
   Capacity	
   Count	
  1	
   Count	
  2	
   Count	
  3	
   Average	
  number	
  of	
  cars	
  
Percent	
  
occupancy	
  
West	
  8th	
  Avenue	
   47	
   27	
   40	
   34	
   33.67	
   72%	
  
East	
  8th	
  Avenue	
   33	
   20	
   27	
   23	
   23.33	
   71%	
  
West	
  Broadway	
   45	
   40	
   41	
   37	
   39.33	
   87%	
  
East	
  Broadway	
   32	
   14	
   19	
   24	
   19.00	
   59%	
  
West	
  10th	
  Avenue	
   10	
   8	
   9	
   10	
   9.00	
   90%	
  
East	
  10th	
  Avenue	
   2	
   1	
   2	
   1	
   1.33	
   67%	
  
West	
  11th	
  Avenue	
   23	
   17	
   17	
   15	
   16.33	
   71%	
  
East	
  11th	
  Avenue	
   34	
   8	
   4	
   4	
   5.33	
   16%	
  
Lincoln	
  Street	
   33	
   15	
   24	
   19	
   19.33	
   59%	
  
Charnelton	
  Street	
   67	
   56	
   63	
   61	
   60.00	
   90%	
  
Olive	
  Street	
   26	
   24	
   24	
   15	
   21.00	
   81%	
  
Willamette	
  Street	
   36	
   32	
   36	
   34	
   34.00	
   94%	
  
Oak	
  Street	
   26	
   14	
   13	
   12	
   13.00	
   50%	
  
Pearl	
  Street	
   31	
   14	
   19	
   22	
   18.33	
   59%	
  
High	
  Street	
   46	
   2	
   5	
   4	
   3.67	
   8%	
  
Park	
  Street	
   70	
   44	
   48	
   44	
   45.33	
   65%	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
 	
   Searching	
  for	
  a	
  Space	
   June	
  2013	
   Page	
  |	
  39	
   
Weekday	
  11	
  AM	
  (April	
  1,	
  5	
  and	
  8)	
  
Street	
   Capacity	
   Count	
  1	
   Count	
  2	
   Count	
  3	
   Average	
  number	
  of	
  cars	
  
Percent	
  
occupancy	
  
West	
  8th	
  Avenue	
   47	
   31	
   40	
   38	
   36.33	
   77%	
  
East	
  8th	
  Avenue	
   33	
   25	
   23	
   19	
   22.33	
   68%	
  
West	
  Broadway	
   45	
   38	
   41	
   36	
   38.33	
   85%	
  
East	
  Broadway	
   32	
   20	
   24	
   26	
   23.33	
   73%	
  
West	
  10th	
  Avenue	
   10	
   10	
   8	
   9	
   9.00	
   90%	
  
East	
  10th	
  Avenue	
   2	
   2	
   0	
   1	
   1.00	
   50%	
  
West	
  11th	
  Avenue	
   23	
   19	
   14	
   18	
   17.00	
   74%	
  
East	
  11th	
  Avenue	
   34	
   13	
   6	
   8	
   9.00	
   26%	
  
Lincoln	
  Street	
   33	
   16	
   16	
   20	
   17.33	
   53%	
  
Charnelton	
  Street	
   67	
   57	
   63	
   51	
   57.00	
   85%	
  
Olive	
  Street	
   26	
   24	
   26	
   22	
   24.00	
   92%	
  
Willamette	
  Street	
   36	
   34	
   34	
   33	
   33.67	
   94%	
  
Oak	
  Street	
   26	
   11	
   6	
   12	
   9.67	
   37%	
  
Pearl	
  Street	
   31	
   15	
   22	
   19	
   18.67	
   60%	
  
High	
  Street	
   46	
   3	
   3	
   3	
   3.00	
   7%	
  
Park	
  Street	
   70	
   48	
   50	
   52	
   50.00	
   71%	
  
	
  
	
  
 Page	
  |	
  40	
   	
   	
   Community	
  Planning	
  Workshop	
  
Weekday	
  12	
  PM	
  (April	
  1,	
  8	
  and	
  10)	
  
Street	
   Capacity	
   Count	
  1	
   Count	
  2	
   Count	
  3	
   Average	
  number	
  of	
  cars	
  
Percent	
  
occupancy	
  
West	
  8th	
  Avenue	
   47	
   30	
   39	
   44	
   37.67	
   80%	
  
East	
  8th	
  Avenue	
   33	
   23	
   20	
   24	
   22.33	
   68%	
  
West	
  Broadway	
   45	
   40	
   43	
   41	
   41.33	
   92%	
  
East	
  Broadway	
   32	
   25	
   25	
   24	
   24.67	
   77%	
  
West	
  10th	
  Avenue	
   10	
   8	
   9	
   8	
   8.33	
   83%	
  
East	
  10th	
  Avenue	
   2	
   2	
   0	
   2	
   1.33	
   67%	
  
West	
  11th	
  Avenue	
   23	
   13	
   16	
   18	
   15.67	
   68%	
  
East	
  11th	
  Avenue	
   34	
   13	
   7	
   14	
   11.33	
   33%	
  
Lincoln	
  Street	
   33	
   18	
   17	
   17	
   17.33	
   53%	
  
Charnelton	
  Street	
   67	
   58	
   60	
   58	
   58.67	
   88%	
  
Olive	
  Street	
   26	
   26	
   22	
   23	
   23.67	
   91%	
  
Willamette	
  Street	
   36	
   34	
   35	
   33	
   34.00	
   94%	
  
Oak	
  Street	
   26	
   11	
   10	
   9	
   10.00	
   38%	
  
Pearl	
  Street	
   31	
   20	
   23	
   24	
   22.33	
   72%	
  
High	
  Street	
   46	
   2	
   5	
   4	
   3.67	
   8%	
  
Park	
  Street	
   70	
   43	
   48	
   49	
   46.67	
   67%	
  
	
  
	
  
 	
   Searching	
  for	
  a	
  Space	
   June	
  2013	
   Page	
  |	
  41	
   
Weekday	
  1	
  PM	
  (April	
  3,	
  9	
  and	
  10)	
  
Street	
   Capacity	
   Count	
  1	
   Count	
  2	
   Count	
  3	
   Average	
  number	
  of	
  cars	
  
Percent	
  
occupancy	
  
West	
  8th	
  Avenue	
   47	
   35	
   38	
   33	
   35.33	
   75%	
  
East	
  8th	
  Avenue	
   33	
   17	
   19	
   17	
   17.67	
   54%	
  
West	
  Broadway	
   45	
   44	
   36	
   44	
   41.33	
   92%	
  
East	
  Broadway	
   32	
   26	
   24	
   19	
   23.00	
   72%	
  
West	
  10th	
  Avenue	
   10	
   8	
   8	
   9	
   8.33	
   83%	
  
East	
  10th	
  Avenue	
   2	
   1	
   2	
   0	
   1.00	
   50%	
  
West	
  11th	
  Avenue	
   23	
   16	
   20	
   22	
   19.33	
   84%	
  
East	
  11th	
  Avenue	
   34	
   19	
   10	
   14	
   14.33	
   42%	
  
Lincoln	
  Street	
   33	
   23	
   17	
   23	
   21.00	
   64%	
  
Charnelton	
  Street	
   67	
   54	
   54	
   56	
   54.67	
   82%	
  
Olive	
  Street	
   26	
   24	
   22	
   22	
   22.67	
   87%	
  
Willamette	
  Street	
   36	
   33	
   34	
   30	
   32.33	
   90%	
  
Oak	
  Street	
   26	
   9	
   10	
   14	
   11.00	
   42%	
  
Pearl	
  Street	
   31	
   21	
   18	
   23	
   20.67	
   67%	
  
High	
  Street	
   46	
   7	
   5	
   3	
   5.00	
   11%	
  
Park	
  Street	
   70	
   42	
   52	
   47	
   47.00	
   67%	
  
	
  
	
  
 Page	
  |	
  42	
   	
   	
   Community	
  Planning	
  Workshop	
  
Weekday	
  2	
  PM	
  (April	
  3,	
  9	
  and	
  10)	
  
Street	
   Capacity	
   Count	
  1	
   Count	
  2	
   Count	
  3	
   Average	
  number	
  of	
  cars	
  
Percent	
  
occupancy	
  
West	
  8th	
  Avenue	
   47	
   26	
   34	
   37	
   32.33	
   69%	
  
East	
  8th	
  Avenue	
   33	
   22	
   22	
   17	
   20.33	
   62%	
  
West	
  Broadway	
   45	
   38	
   40	
   41	
   39.67	
   88%	
  
East	
  Broadway	
   32	
   20	
   21	
   26	
   22.33	
   70%	
  
West	
  10th	
  Avenue	
   10	
   7	
   9	
   9	
   8.33	
   83%	
  
East	
  10th	
  Avenue	
   2	
   1	
   1	
   1	
   1.00	
   50%	
  
West	
  11th	
  Avenue	
   23	
   19	
   14	
   13	
   15.33	
   67%	
  
East	
  11th	
  Avenue	
   34	
   18	
   10	
   17	
   15.00	
   44%	
  
Lincoln	
  Street	
   33	
   22	
   18	
   19	
   19.67	
   60%	
  
Charnelton	
  Street	
   67	
   57	
   47	
   56	
   53.33	
   80%	
  
Olive	
  Street	
   26	
   23	
   18	
   21	
   20.67	
   79%	
  
Willamette	
  Street	
   36	
   28	
   29	
   33	
   30.00	
   83%	
  
Oak	
  Street	
   26	
   10	
   13	
   11	
   11.33	
   44%	
  
Pearl	
  Street	
   31	
   17	
   12	
   14	
   14.33	
   46%	
  
High	
  Street	
   46	
   2	
   0	
   7	
   3.00	
   7%	
  
Park	
  Street	
   70	
   35	
   45	
   49	
   43.00	
   61%	
  
	
  
	
  
 	
   Searching	
  for	
  a	
  Space	
   June	
  2013	
   Page	
  |	
  43	
   
Weekday	
  3	
  PM	
  (April	
  1,	
  3	
  and	
  9)	
  
Street	
   Capacity	
   Count	
  1	
   Count	
  2	
   Count	
  3	
   Average	
  number	
  of	
  cars	
  
Percent	
  
occupancy	
  
West	
  8th	
  Avenue	
   47	
   28	
   43	
   27	
   32.67	
   70%	
  
East	
  8th	
  Avenue	
   33	
   19	
   20	
   18	
   19.00	
   58%	
  
West	
  Broadway	
   45	
   38	
   43	
   43	
   41.33	
   92%	
  
East	
  Broadway	
   32	
   19	
   20	
   21	
   20.00	
   63%	
  
West	
  10th	
  Avenue	
   10	
   9	
   9	
   10	
   9.33	
   93%	
  
East	
  10th	
  Avenue	
   2	
   0	
   1	
   2	
   1.00	
   50%	
  
West	
  11th	
  Avenue	
   23	
   20	
   12	
   18	
   16.67	
   72%	
  
East	
  11th	
  Avenue	
   34	
   10	
   12	
   10	
   10.67	
   31%	
  
Lincoln	
  Street	
   33	
   11	
   20	
   17	
   16.00	
   48%	
  
Charnelton	
  Street	
   67	
   58	
   60	
   61	
   59.67	
   89%	
  
Olive	
  Street	
   26	
   24	
   25	
   24	
   24.33	
   94%	
  
Willamette	
  Street	
   36	
   31	
   34	
   36	
   33.67	
   94%	
  
Oak	
  Street	
   26	
   13	
   18	
   9	
   13.33	
   51%	
  
Pearl	
  Street	
   31	
   11	
   21	
   16	
   16.00	
   52%	
  
High	
  Street	
   46	
   2	
   4	
   5	
   3.67	
   8%	
  
Park	
  Street	
   70	
   33	
   41	
   34	
   36.00	
   51%	
  
	
  
	
  
 Page	
  |	
  44	
   	
   	
   Community	
  Planning	
  Workshop	
  
Weekday	
  4	
  PM	
  (April	
  1,	
  2	
  and	
  4)	
  
Street	
   Capacity	
   Count	
  1	
   Count	
  2	
   Count	
  3	
   Average	
  number	
  of	
  cars	
  
Percent	
  
occupancy	
  
West	
  8th	
  Avenue	
   47	
   43	
   41	
   44	
   42.67	
   91%	
  
East	
  8th	
  Avenue	
   33	
   20	
   13	
   17	
   16.67	
   51%	
  
West	
  Broadway	
   45	
   41	
   44	
   45	
   43.33	
   96%	
  
East	
  Broadway	
   32	
   15	
   22	
   23	
   20.00	
   63%	
  
West	
  10th	
  Avenue	
   10	
   10	
   8	
   8	
   8.67	
   87%	
  
East	
  10th	
  Avenue	
   2	
   1	
   1	
   1	
   1.00	
   50%	
  
West	
  11th	
  Avenue	
   23	
   18	
   19	
   14	
   17.00	
   74%	
  
East	
  11th	
  Avenue	
   34	
   14	
   11	
   15	
   13.33	
   39%	
  
Lincoln	
  Street	
   33	
   17	
   21	
   17	
   18.33	
   56%	
  
Charnelton	
  Street	
   67	
   62	
   60	
   64	
   62.00	
   93%	
  
Olive	
  Street	
   26	
   24	
   25	
   25	
   24.67	
   95%	
  
Willamette	
  Street	
   36	
   34	
   35	
   36	
   35.00	
   97%	
  
Oak	
  Street	
   26	
   8	
   10	
   10	
   9.33	
   36%	
  
Pearl	
  Street	
   31	
   12	
   16	
   15	
   14.33	
   46%	
  
High	
  Street	
   46	
   5	
   3	
   2	
   3.33	
   7%	
  
Park	
  Street	
   70	
   28	
   39	
   42	
   36.33	
   52%	
  
	
  
	
  
 	
   Searching	
  for	
  a	
  Space	
   June	
  2013	
   Page	
  |	
  45	
   
Weekday	
  5	
  PM	
  (April	
  2,	
  4	
  and	
  8)	
  
Street	
   Capacity	
   Count	
  1	
   Count	
  2	
   Count	
  3	
   Average	
  number	
  of	
  cars	
  
Percent	
  
occupancy	
  
West	
  8th	
  Avenue	
   47	
   34	
   44	
   38	
   38.67	
   82%	
  
East	
  8th	
  Avenue	
   33	
   8	
   8	
   7	
   7.67	
   23%	
  
West	
  Broadway	
   45	
   45	
   45	
   41	
   43.67	
   97%	
  
East	
  Broadway	
   32	
   25	
   26	
   18	
   23.00	
   72%	
  
West	
  10th	
  Avenue	
   10	
   9	
   10	
   9	
   9.33	
   93%	
  
East	
  10th	
  Avenue	
   2	
   2	
   1	
   2	
   1.67	
   83%	
  
West	
  11th	
  Avenue	
   23	
   12	
   12	
   14	
   12.67	
   55%	
  
East	
  11th	
  Avenue	
   34	
   17	
   11	
   8	
   12.00	
   35%	
  
Lincoln	
  Street	
   33	
   19	
   25	
   11	
   18.33	
   56%	
  
Charnelton	
  Street	
   67	
   63	
   66	
   61	
   63.33	
   95%	
  
Olive	
  Street	
   26	
   22	
   21	
   20	
   21.00	
   81%	
  
Willamette	
  Street	
   36	
   35	
   36	
   32	
   34.33	
   95%	
  
Oak	
  Street	
   26	
   9	
   14	
   6	
   9.67	
   37%	
  
Pearl	
  Street	
   31	
   25	
   27	
   16	
   22.67	
   73%	
  
High	
  Street	
   46	
   5	
   3	
   3	
   3.67	
   8%	
  
Park	
  Street	
   70	
   43	
   43	
   23	
   36.33	
   52%	
  
	
  
	
  
 Page	
  |	
  46	
   	
   	
   Community	
  Planning	
  Workshop	
  
Weekday	
  6	
  PM	
  (April	
  2,	
  4	
  and	
  8)	
  
Street	
   Capacity	
   Count	
  1	
   Count	
  2	
   Count	
  3	
   Average	
  number	
  of	
  cars	
  
Percent	
  
occupancy	
  
West	
  8th	
  Avenue	
   47	
   46	
   46	
   47	
   46.33	
   99%	
  
East	
  8th	
  Avenue	
   33	
   9	
   19	
   11	
   13.00	
   39%	
  
West	
  Broadway	
   45	
   42	
   45	
   43	
   43.33	
   96%	
  
East	
  Broadway	
   32	
   29	
   26	
   31	
   28.67	
   90%	
  
West	
  10th	
  Avenue	
   10	
   9	
   10	
   10	
   9.67	
   97%	
  
East	
  10th	
  Avenue	
   2	
   1	
   1	
   2	
   1.33	
   67%	
  
West	
  11th	
  Avenue	
   23	
   11	
   10	
   16	
   12.33	
   54%	
  
East	
  11th	
  Avenue	
   34	
   13	
   26	
   10	
   16.33	
   48%	
  
Lincoln	
  Street	
   33	
   26	
   28	
   21	
   25.00	
   76%	
  
Charnelton	
  Street	
   67	
   66	
   65	
   62	
   64.33	
   96%	
  
Olive	
  Street	
   26	
   26	
   26	
   26	
   26.00	
   100%	
  
Willamette	
  Street	
   36	
   33	
   34	
   35	
   34.00	
   94%	
  
Oak	
  Street	
   26	
   8	
   17	
   10	
   11.67	
   45%	
  
Pearl	
  Street	
   31	
   23	
   25	
   22	
   23.33	
   75%	
  
High	
  Street	
   46	
   9	
   10	
   6	
   8.33	
   18%	
  
Park	
  Street	
   70	
   48	
   65	
   20	
   44.33	
   63%	
  
	
  
	
  
 	
   Searching	
  for	
  a	
  Space	
   June	
  2013	
   Page	
  |	
  47	
   
Appendix E: Saturday parking count data 
The	
  following	
  are	
  the	
  data	
  sets	
  collected	
  during	
  the	
  Saturday	
  parking	
  counts.	
  	
  The	
  data	
  
is	
  organized	
  by	
  hour	
  of	
  the	
  day.	
  	
  Highlighted	
  cells	
  indicate	
  occupancies	
  at	
  or	
  above	
  85	
  
percent.	
  	
  The	
  map	
  that	
  follows	
  each	
  table	
  shows	
  the	
  percent	
  of	
  spaces	
  on	
  each	
  block	
  
face	
  that	
  are	
  occupied.	
  
	
  
Saturday	
  7	
  AM	
  (April	
  27)	
  
Street	
   Capacity	
   Number	
  of	
  cars	
   Percent	
  occupancy	
  
West	
  8th	
  Avenue	
   47	
   11	
   23%	
  
East	
  8th	
  Avenue	
   28	
   0	
   0%	
  
West	
  Broadway	
   45	
   6	
   13%	
  
East	
  Broadway	
   32	
   6	
   19%	
  
West	
  10th	
  Avenue	
   10	
   1	
   10%	
  
East	
  10th	
  Avenue	
   2	
   0	
   0%	
  
West	
  11th	
  Avenue	
   23	
   3	
   13%	
  
East	
  11th	
  Avenue	
   34	
   4	
   12%	
  
Lincoln	
  Street	
   33	
   5	
   15%	
  
Charnelton	
  Street	
   67	
   14	
   21%	
  
Olive	
  Street	
   26	
   2	
   8%	
  
Willamette	
  Street	
   36	
   11	
   31%	
  
Oak	
  Street	
   24	
   5	
   21%	
  
Pearl	
  Street	
   31	
   9	
   29%	
  
High	
  Street	
   46	
   0	
   0%	
  
	
  
	
  
 Page	
  |	
  48	
   	
   	
   Community	
  Planning	
  Workshop	
  
Saturday	
  8	
  AM	
  (April	
  27)	
  
Street	
   Capacity	
   Number	
  of	
  cars	
   Percent	
  occupancy	
  
West	
  8th	
  Avenue	
   47	
   15	
   32%	
  
East	
  8th	
  Avenue	
   28	
   10	
   36%	
  
West	
  Broadway	
   45	
   13	
   29%	
  
East	
  Broadway	
   32	
   11	
   34%	
  
West	
  10th	
  Avenue	
   10	
   1	
   10%	
  
East	
  10th	
  Avenue	
   2	
   0	
   0%	
  
West	
  11th	
  Avenue	
   23	
   4	
   17%	
  
East	
  11th	
  Avenue	
   34	
   5	
   0%	
  
Lincoln	
  Street	
   33	
   3	
   9%	
  
Charnelton	
  Street	
   67	
   26	
   39%	
  
Olive	
  Street	
   26	
   4	
   15%	
  
Willamette	
  Street	
   36	
   19	
   53%	
  
Oak	
  Street	
   24	
   11	
   0%	
  
Pearl	
  Street	
   31	
   5	
   0%	
  
High	
  Street	
   46	
   0	
   0%	
  
	
  
	
  
 	
   Searching	
  for	
  a	
  Space	
   June	
  2013	
   Page	
  |	
  49	
   
Saturday	
  9	
  AM	
  (May	
  4)	
  
Street	
   Capacity	
   Number	
  of	
  cars	
   Percent	
  occupancy	
  
West	
  8th	
  Avenue	
   47	
   29	
   62%	
  
East	
  8th	
  Avenue	
   28	
   26	
   93%	
  
West	
  Broadway	
   45	
   38	
   84%	
  
East	
  Broadway	
   32	
   23	
   72%	
  
West	
  10th	
  Avenue	
   10	
   3	
   30%	
  
East	
  10th	
  Avenue	
   2	
   0	
   0%	
  
West	
  11th	
  Avenue	
   23	
   7	
   30%	
  
East	
  11th	
  Avenue	
   34	
   5	
   15%	
  
Lincoln	
  Street	
   33	
   19	
   58%	
  
Charnelton	
  Street	
   67	
   35	
   52%	
  
Olive	
  Street	
   26	
   18	
   69%	
  
Willamette	
  Street	
   36	
   36	
   100%	
  
Oak	
  Street	
   24	
   16	
   67%	
  
Pearl	
  Street	
   31	
   17	
   55%	
  
High	
  Street	
   46	
   3	
   7%	
  
	
  
	
  
 Page	
  |	
  50	
   	
   	
   Community	
  Planning	
  Workshop	
  
Saturday	
  10	
  AM	
  (April	
  6)	
  
Street	
   Capacity	
   Number	
  of	
  cars	
   Percent	
  occupancy	
  
West	
  8th	
  Avenue	
   47	
   32	
   68%	
  
East	
  8th	
  Avenue	
   28	
   25	
   89%	
  
West	
  Broadway	
   45	
   39	
   87%	
  
East	
  Broadway	
   32	
   26	
   81%	
  
West	
  10th	
  Avenue	
   10	
   10	
   100%	
  
East	
  10th	
  Avenue	
   2	
   2	
   100%	
  
West	
  11th	
  Avenue	
   23	
   11	
   48%	
  
East	
  11th	
  Avenue	
   34	
   3	
   9%	
  
Lincoln	
  Street	
   33	
   12	
   36%	
  
Charnelton	
  Street	
   67	
   51	
   76%	
  
Olive	
  Street	
   26	
   20	
   77%	
  
Willamette	
  Street	
   36	
   36	
   100%	
  
Oak	
  Street	
   24	
   15	
   63%	
  
Pearl	
  Street	
   31	
   19	
   61%	
  
High	
  Street	
   46	
   3	
   7%	
  
	
  
	
  
 	
   Searching	
  for	
  a	
  Space	
   June	
  2013	
   Page	
  |	
  51	
   
Saturday	
  11	
  AM	
  (April	
  6)	
  
Street	
   Capacity	
   Number	
  of	
  cars	
   Percent	
  occupancy	
  
West	
  8th	
  Avenue	
   47	
   33	
   70%	
  
East	
  8th	
  Avenue	
   28	
   25	
   89%	
  
West	
  Broadway	
   45	
   37	
   82%	
  
East	
  Broadway	
   32	
   27	
   84%	
  
West	
  10th	
  Avenue	
   10	
   8	
   80%	
  
East	
  10th	
  Avenue	
   2	
   1	
   50%	
  
West	
  11th	
  Avenue	
   23	
   12	
   52%	
  
East	
  11th	
  Avenue	
   34	
   12	
   35%	
  
Lincoln	
  Street	
   33	
   14	
   42%	
  
Charnelton	
  Street	
   67	
   51	
   76%	
  
Olive	
  Street	
   26	
   24	
   92%	
  
Willamette	
  Street	
   36	
   35	
   97%	
  
Oak	
  Street	
   24	
   22	
   92%	
  
Pearl	
  Street	
   31	
   27	
   87%	
  
High	
  Street	
   46	
   6	
   13%	
  
	
  
	
  
 Page	
  |	
  52	
   	
   	
   Community	
  Planning	
  Workshop	
  
Saturday	
  12	
  PM	
  (April	
  6)	
  
Street	
   Capacity	
   Number	
  of	
  cars	
   Percent	
  occupancy	
  
West	
  8th	
  Avenue	
   47	
   30	
   64%	
  
East	
  8th	
  Avenue	
   28	
   27	
   96%	
  
West	
  Broadway	
   45	
   37	
   82%	
  
East	
  Broadway	
   32	
   28	
   88%	
  
West	
  10th	
  Avenue	
   10	
   6	
   60%	
  
East	
  10th	
  Avenue	
   2	
   1	
   50%	
  
West	
  11th	
  Avenue	
   23	
   8	
   35%	
  
East	
  11th	
  Avenue	
   34	
   11	
   32%	
  
Lincoln	
  Street	
   33	
   9	
   27%	
  
Charnelton	
  Street	
   67	
   42	
   63%	
  
Olive	
  Street	
   26	
   20	
   77%	
  
Willamette	
  Street	
   36	
   34	
   94%	
  
Oak	
  Street	
   24	
   16	
   67%	
  
Pearl	
  Street	
   31	
   28	
   90%	
  
High	
  Street	
   46	
   14	
   30%	
  
	
  
	
  
 	
   Searching	
  for	
  a	
  Space	
   June	
  2013	
   Page	
  |	
  53	
   
Saturday	
  1	
  PM	
  (April	
  27)	
  
Street	
   Capacity	
   Number	
  of	
  cars	
   Percent	
  occupancy	
  
West	
  8th	
  Avenue	
   47	
   34	
   72%	
  
East	
  8th	
  Avenue	
   28	
   28	
   100%	
  
West	
  Broadway	
   45	
   38	
   84%	
  
East	
  Broadway	
   32	
   31	
   97%	
  
West	
  10th	
  Avenue	
   10	
   7	
   70%	
  
East	
  10th	
  Avenue	
   2	
   2	
   100%	
  
West	
  11th	
  Avenue	
   23	
   12	
   52%	
  
East	
  11th	
  Avenue	
   34	
   15	
   44%	
  
Lincoln	
  Street	
   33	
   12	
   36%	
  
Charnelton	
  Street	
   67	
   46	
   69%	
  
Olive	
  Street	
   26	
   22	
   85%	
  
Willamette	
  Street	
   36	
   35	
   97%	
  
Oak	
  Street	
   24	
   21	
   88%	
  
Pearl	
  Street	
   31	
   29	
   94%	
  
High	
  Street	
   46	
   13	
   28%	
  
	
  
	
  
 Page	
  |	
  54	
   	
   	
   Community	
  Planning	
  Workshop	
  
Saturday	
  2	
  PM	
  (April	
  27)	
  
Street	
   Capacity	
   Number	
  of	
  cars	
   Percent	
  occupancy	
  
West	
  8th	
  Avenue	
   47	
   35	
   74%	
  
East	
  8th	
  Avenue	
   28	
   28	
   100%	
  
West	
  Broadway	
   45	
   41	
   91%	
  
East	
  Broadway	
   32	
   29	
   91%	
  
West	
  10th	
  Avenue	
   10	
   8	
   80%	
  
East	
  10th	
  Avenue	
   2	
   1	
   50%	
  
West	
  11th	
  Avenue	
   23	
   14	
   61%	
  
East	
  11th	
  Avenue	
   34	
   17	
   50%	
  
Lincoln	
  Street	
   33	
   16	
   48%	
  
Charnelton	
  Street	
   67	
   53	
   79%	
  
Olive	
  Street	
   26	
   25	
   96%	
  
Willamette	
  Street	
   36	
   32	
   89%	
  
Oak	
  Street	
   24	
   21	
   88%	
  
Pearl	
  Street	
   31	
   28	
   90%	
  
High	
  Street	
   46	
   9	
   20%	
  
	
  
	
  
 	
   Searching	
  for	
  a	
  Space	
   June	
  2013	
   Page	
  |	
  55	
   
Saturday	
  3	
  PM	
  (April	
  27)	
  
Street	
   Capacity	
   Number	
  of	
  cars	
   Percent	
  occupancy	
  
West	
  8th	
  Avenue	
   47	
   42	
   89%	
  
East	
  8th	
  Avenue	
   28	
   25	
   89%	
  
West	
  Broadway	
   45	
   39	
   87%	
  
East	
  Broadway	
   32	
   26	
   81%	
  
West	
  10th	
  Avenue	
   10	
   8	
   80%	
  
East	
  10th	
  Avenue	
   2	
   2	
   100%	
  
West	
  11th	
  Avenue	
   23	
   13	
   57%	
  
East	
  11th	
  Avenue	
   34	
   17	
   50%	
  
Lincoln	
  Street	
   33	
   17	
   52%	
  
Charnelton	
  Street	
   67	
   49	
   73%	
  
Olive	
  Street	
   26	
   21	
   81%	
  
Willamette	
  Street	
   36	
   36	
   100%	
  
Oak	
  Street	
   24	
   14	
   58%	
  
Pearl	
  Street	
   31	
   26	
   84%	
  
High	
  Street	
   46	
   9	
   20%	
  
	
  
	
  
 Page	
  |	
  56	
   	
   	
   Community	
  Planning	
  Workshop	
  
Saturday	
  4	
  PM	
  (April	
  6)	
  
Street	
   Capacity	
   Number	
  of	
  cars	
   Percent	
  occupancy	
  
West	
  8th	
  Avenue	
   47	
   33	
   70%	
  
East	
  8th	
  Avenue	
   28	
   17	
   61%	
  
West	
  Broadway	
   45	
   42	
   93%	
  
East	
  Broadway	
   32	
   18	
   56%	
  
West	
  10th	
  Avenue	
   10	
   7	
   70%	
  
East	
  10th	
  Avenue	
   2	
   1	
   50%	
  
West	
  11th	
  Avenue	
   23	
   11	
   48%	
  
East	
  11th	
  Avenue	
   34	
   17	
   50%	
  
Lincoln	
  Street	
   33	
   14	
   42%	
  
Charnelton	
  Street	
   67	
   47	
   70%	
  
Olive	
  Street	
   26	
   21	
   81%	
  
Willamette	
  Street	
   36	
   29	
   81%	
  
Oak	
  Street	
   24	
   9	
   38%	
  
Pearl	
  Street	
   31	
   27	
   87%	
  
High	
  Street	
   46	
   1	
   2%	
  
	
  
	
  
 	
   Searching	
  for	
  a	
  Space	
   June	
  2013	
   Page	
  |	
  57	
   
Saturday	
  5	
  PM	
  (April	
  6)	
  
Street	
   Capacity	
   Number	
  of	
  cars	
   Percent	
  occupancy	
  
West	
  8th	
  Avenue	
   47	
   33	
   70%	
  
East	
  8th	
  Avenue	
   28	
   5	
   18%	
  
West	
  Broadway	
   45	
   32	
   71%	
  
East	
  Broadway	
   32	
   27	
   84%	
  
West	
  10th	
  Avenue	
   10	
   7	
   70%	
  
East	
  10th	
  Avenue	
   2	
   1	
   50%	
  
West	
  11th	
  Avenue	
   23	
   15	
   65%	
  
East	
  11th	
  Avenue	
   34	
   16	
   47%	
  
Lincoln	
  Street	
   33	
   12	
   36%	
  
Charnelton	
  Street	
   67	
   51	
   76%	
  
Olive	
  Street	
   26	
   20	
   77%	
  
Willamette	
  Street	
   36	
   28	
   78%	
  
Oak	
  Street	
   24	
   5	
   21%	
  
Pearl	
  Street	
   31	
   22	
   71%	
  
High	
  Street	
   46	
   3	
   7%	
  
	
  
	
  
 Page	
  |	
  58	
   	
   	
   Community	
  Planning	
  Workshop	
  
Saturday	
  6	
  PM	
  (April	
  6)	
  
Street	
   Capacity	
   Number	
  of	
  cars	
   Percent	
  occupancy	
  
West	
  8th	
  Avenue	
   47	
   40	
   85%	
  
East	
  8th	
  Avenue	
   28	
   6	
   21%	
  
West	
  Broadway	
   45	
   40	
   89%	
  
East	
  Broadway	
   32	
   31	
   97%	
  
West	
  10th	
  Avenue	
   10	
   4	
   40%	
  
East	
  10th	
  Avenue	
   2	
   2	
   100%	
  
West	
  11th	
  Avenue	
   23	
   15	
   65%	
  
East	
  11th	
  Avenue	
   34	
   7	
   21%	
  
Lincoln	
  Street	
   33	
   8	
   24%	
  
Charnelton	
  Street	
   67	
   47	
   70%	
  
Olive	
  Street	
   26	
   22	
   85%	
  
Willamette	
  Street	
   36	
   32	
   89%	
  
Oak	
  Street	
   24	
   4	
   17%	
  
Pearl	
  Street	
   31	
   31	
   100%	
  
High	
  Street	
   46	
   5	
   11%	
  
	
  
	
  
 	
   Searching	
  for	
  a	
  Space	
   June	
  2013	
   Page	
  |	
  59	
   
REFERENCES 
	
  
Buri	
  McDonald.	
  	
  (2013,	
  2	
  February).	
  	
  Downtown’s	
  up.	
  	
  The	
  Register-­‐Guard.	
  	
  
Retrieved	
  from	
  
http://www.registerguard.com/web/news/cityregion/29388070-­‐
55/broadway-­‐center-­‐building-­‐eugene-­‐space.html.csp.	
  
Childs,	
  Mark	
  C.	
  	
  (1999).	
  	
  Parking	
  Spaces:	
  A	
  Design,	
  Implementation,	
  and	
  Use	
  Manual	
  
for	
  Architects,	
  Planners,	
  and	
  Engineers.	
  	
  New	
  York:	
  McGraw-­‐Hill.	
  
City	
  of	
  Eugene.	
  	
  (2010).	
  	
  City	
  Council	
  August	
  11	
  2010	
  Work	
  Session	
  Minutes.	
  	
  
Eugene,	
  Oregon.	
  
City	
  of	
  Eugene.	
  	
  (2013a).	
  	
  Downtown	
  Daily	
  Parking	
  Rates.	
  	
  Eugene,	
  Oregon.	
  	
  
http://www.eugene-­‐or.gov/index.aspx?NID=1928.	
  
City	
  of	
  Eugene.	
  	
  (2013b).	
  	
  Downtown	
  Monthly	
  Parking	
  Rates.	
  	
  Eugene,	
  Oregon.	
  	
  
http://eugene-­‐or.gov/index.aspx?NID=1926.	
  
City	
  of	
  Eugene.	
  	
  	
  (2013c,	
  11	
  January).	
  	
  Restoring	
  Downtown	
  Eugene	
  [Video].	
  	
  
Retrieved	
  from	
  http://	
  vimeo.com/57229392.	
  
Diamond	
  Parking.	
  	
  (2013).	
  	
  Parking	
  Lot	
  Map.	
  	
  http://www.dpseugene.com.	
  
Otwell,	
  Claire.	
  	
  	
  (2011).	
  	
  Free	
  Parking?:	
  Evaluating	
  the	
  Impacts	
  of	
  the	
  Downtown	
  
Eugene	
  On-­‐Street	
  Parking	
  Program	
  on	
  Retail	
  Establishments.	
  	
  Master	
  of	
  
Community	
  and	
  Regional	
  Planning,	
  University	
  of	
  Oregon,	
  Eugene.	
  
Lane	
  Transit	
  District.	
  	
  (2013).	
  	
  Downtown	
  Eugene	
  Bike	
  Parking	
  Recommendations.	
  	
  
http://www.point2pointsolutions.org/sites/default/files/Eugene%20Recs_F
INAL.pdf.	
  
Marsden,	
  Greg.	
  	
  (2006).	
  	
  The	
  Evidence	
  Base	
  for	
  Parking	
  Policies:	
  A	
  Review.	
  	
  
Transport	
  Policy,	
  13(6),	
  447-­‐457.	
  
Russo,	
  Edward.	
  	
  (2013a,	
  21	
  January).	
  	
  Apartments	
  soon	
  on	
  the	
  rise	
  in	
  downtown	
  
Eugene.	
  	
  The	
  Register-­‐Guard.	
  	
  Retrieved	
  from	
  
http://www.registerguard.com/web/news/sevendays/29323604-­‐
47/peacehealth-­‐capstone-­‐phase-­‐master-­‐acres.html.csp.	
  
Russo,	
  Edward.	
  	
  (2013b,	
  16	
  March).	
  	
  Shedd	
  Institute	
  seeks	
  city	
  lot	
  to	
  grow	
  school,	
  
build	
  theater.	
  	
  The	
  Register-­‐Guard.	
  	
  Retrieved	
  from	
  
http://www.registerguard.com/web/news/sevendays/	
  29583693-­‐
47/shedd-­‐avenue-­‐block-­‐building-­‐eighth.html.csp.	
  
Shoup,	
  Donald.	
  	
  (2011).	
  	
  The	
  High	
  Cost	
  of	
  Free	
  Parking.	
  	
  Chicago:	
  Planners	
  Press.	
  
Wihtol,	
  Christian.	
  	
  (2013,	
  26	
  February).	
  	
  Big	
  downtown	
  Eugene	
  project	
  no	
  longer	
  
hush-­‐hush.	
  	
  The	
  Register-­‐Guard.	
  	
  Retrieved	
  from	
  
http://www.registerguard.com/web/news/29478224-­‐41/county-­‐obie-­‐rfp-­‐
proposal-­‐consultant.html.csp.