Department of Human Physiologyhttps://scholarsbank.uoregon.edu/xmlui/handle/1794/29022024-03-28T19:03:28Z2024-03-28T19:03:28ZOvert and Covert Object Features Mediate Timing of Patterned Brain Activity during Motor PlanningMarneweck, MichelleGrafton, Scott T.https://scholarsbank.uoregon.edu/xmlui/handle/1794/278422022-11-15T08:29:34Z2020-10-30T00:00:00ZOvert and Covert Object Features Mediate Timing of Patterned Brain Activity during Motor Planning
Marneweck, Michelle; Grafton, Scott T.
Humans are seamless in their ability to efficiently and reliably generate fingertip forces to gracefully interact with objects. Such interactions rarely end in awkward outcomes like spilling, crushing, or tilting given advanced motor planning. Here we combine multiband imaging with deconvolution- and Bayesian pattern component modeling of functional magnetic resonance imaging data and in-scanner kinematics, revealing compelling evidence that the human brain differentially represents preparatory information for skillful object interactions depending on the saliency of visual cues. Earlier patterned activity was particularly evident in ventral visual processing stream-, but also selectively in dorsal visual processing stream and cerebellum in conditions of heightened uncertainty when an object’s superficial shape was incompatible rather than compatible with a key underlying object feature.
11 pages
2020-10-30T00:00:00ZMaternal Methadone Destabilizes Neonatal Breathing and Desensitizes Neonates to Opioid-Induced Respiratory Frequency DepressionHocker, Austin D.Morrison, Nina R.Selby, Matthew L.Huxtable, Adrianne G.https://scholarsbank.uoregon.edu/xmlui/handle/1794/278402022-11-15T08:29:35Z2021-02-21T00:00:00ZMaternal Methadone Destabilizes Neonatal Breathing and Desensitizes Neonates to Opioid-Induced Respiratory Frequency Depression
Hocker, Austin D.; Morrison, Nina R.; Selby, Matthew L.; Huxtable, Adrianne G.
Pregnant women and developing infants are understudied populations in the opioid crisis, despite the rise in opioid use during pregnancy. Maternal opioid use results in diverse negative outcomes for the fetus/newborn, including death; however, the effects of perinatal (maternal and neonatal) opioids on developing respiratory circuitry are not well understood. Given the profound depressive effects of opioids on central respiratory networks controlling breathing, we tested the hypothesis that perinatal opioid exposure impairs respiratory neural circuitry, creating breathing instability. Our data demonstrate maternal opioids increase apneas and destabilize neonatal breathing. Maternal opioids also blunted opioid-induced respiratory frequency depression acutely in neonates; a unique finding since adult respiratory circuity does not desensitize to opioids. This desensitization normalized rapidly between postnatal days 1 and 2 (P1 and P2), the same age quantal slowing emerged in respiratory rhythm. These data suggest significant reorganization of respiratory rhythm generating circuits at P1–2, the same time as the preBötzinger Complex (key site of respiratory rhythm generation) becomes the dominant respiratory rhythm generator. Thus, these studies provide critical insight relevant to the normal developmental trajectory of respiratory circuits and suggest changes to mutual coupling between respiratory oscillators, while also highlighting how maternal opioids alter these developing circuits. In conclusion, the results presented demonstrate neurorespiratory disruption by maternal opioids and blunted opioid-induced respiratory frequency depression with neonatal opioids, which will be important for understanding and treating the increasing population of neonates exposed to gestational opioids.
16 pages
2021-02-21T00:00:00ZTips for the right supportVerscheure, Susanhttps://scholarsbank.uoregon.edu/xmlui/handle/1794/56812008-05-19T21:39:20Z1999-01-01T00:00:00ZTips for the right support
Verscheure, Susan
This is a short summary of the tips for finding effective sports bras for larger breasted women.
1999-01-01T00:00:00Z