Dissociation : Vol. 9, No. 4 (Dec. 1996)
https://scholarsbank.uoregon.edu/xmlui/handle/1794/1257
2024-03-29T09:43:11ZDissociation : Vol. 9, No. 4, p. 274-281 : Trauma and dissociative experiences in eating disorders
https://scholarsbank.uoregon.edu/xmlui/handle/1794/1782
Dissociation : Vol. 9, No. 4, p. 274-281 : Trauma and dissociative experiences in eating disorders
Grave, Riccardo Dalle; Oliosi, Manuela; Todisco, Patrizia; Bartocci, Claudia
This study investigates the relationship between trauma, dissociative experiences, and eating psychopathology in a group of eating disorder patients. The Dissociation Questionnaire (DIS-Q) and a semi-structured interview were used to assess 106 eating disorder patients at the start of an inpatient treatment program. DIS-Q scores were evaluated for the eating disorder patients and compared with the scores of 20 schizophrenic patients and 112 high school graduating students (controls). Of the eating disorder patients, 45.2% reported traumatic experiences. The highest trauma rate was reported by patients with bulimic symptoms. Significant differences were found in the prevalence of traumatic experiences between eating disorder patients and control subjects, but not between eating disorder and schizophrenic patients. The highest total DIS-Q scores were detected in bulimia nervosa and anorexia nervosa binge eating/purging type patients; the lowest DIS-Q scores were found in patients with binge eating disorder, schizophrenia, and controls. Eating disorder patients, in comparison with schizophrenic patients, reported significantly higher scores in identity confusion, loss of control, and absorption. However, the only dissociative features which seems to link trauma, dissociation, and eating disorders are identity confusion and loss of control, since absorption is not sensitive to the presence/absence of trauma.
p. 274-281
1996-12-01T00:00:00ZDissociation : Vol. 9, No. 4, p. 289-299 : The use of EMDR in patients with dissociative identity disorder
https://scholarsbank.uoregon.edu/xmlui/handle/1794/1778
Dissociation : Vol. 9, No. 4, p. 289-299 : The use of EMDR in patients with dissociative identity disorder
Lazrove, Steven; Fine, Catherine G., 1950-
Hyperarousal during trauma inhibits the integration of memory. In
DID, memory is further disrupted when alter personalities coalesce around individual memory fragments and either reenact conflicts or disown them. Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) is an innovative psychotherapeutic method which accelerates information processing and facilitates the integration of fragmented traumatic memories. Following a successful EMDR session, patients report that the nature of the traumatic memory has changed and that the event is now less upsetting and “feels over.” A strategy for using EMDR to integrate traumatic memories in patients with dissociative identity disorder (DID) is presented and technical considerations for its implementation are discussed. To the extent that alter personalities often are based on memory fragments, integration of traumatic memory facilitates personality integration. EMDR may be a superior method for working with traumatic memories in that it appears to enhance memory integration and reformulate cognitions concomitantly.
p. 289-299
1996-12-01T00:00:00ZDissociation : Vol. 9, No. 4, p. 282-288 : Dissociative identity disorder in a forensic psychiatric patient: a case report
https://scholarsbank.uoregon.edu/xmlui/handle/1794/1775
Dissociation : Vol. 9, No. 4, p. 282-288 : Dissociative identity disorder in a forensic psychiatric patient: a case report
Nijenhuis, Ellert R.S.
Criminal acts can be performed in a dissociative state. Since a percentage of male and female patients with dissociative disorders act out aggression and display criminal behaviors, some of them may be found in the criminal justice system. This case report demonstrates that the long-term failure to diagnose dissociative identity disorder in a forensic psychiatric patient permitted the continued existence of highly aggressive dissociative identity states, and near-relapses into homicidal behavior. The author concludes that careful screening for dissociative disorders and the provision of treatment for dissociative disorders in forensic settings is necessary. The risks of both false negative and false positive diagnoses should both be recognized.
p. 282-288
1996-12-01T00:00:00ZDissociation : Vol. 9, No. 4, p. 261-273 : Memory recovery of childhood sexual abuse
https://scholarsbank.uoregon.edu/xmlui/handle/1794/1774
Dissociation : Vol. 9, No. 4, p. 261-273 : Memory recovery of childhood sexual abuse
Albach, Francine, 1951-; Moormann, Peter Paul, 1949-; Bermond, Bob
In this study, no empirical evidence was found for the notion that most patients recover memories of childhood sexual abuse because their therapist had suggested to them that they were abused as children. Instead, our data seem to suggest that memory recovery is a spontaneous phenomenon, triggered by abuse-related stimuli. The issue of traumatic versus ordinary memories was investigated by comparing a group of 97 sexually abused women with a group of 65 matched controls for memory impairments. Having experienced an episode of inability to recall the event (i.e., amnesia) appeared to be extremely rare (1 %) in the control group, but rather common (35 %) in the traumatized group. Other features of motivated forgetting, like intentionally avoiding to think about the event, just not having thought about it, and having experienced an amnestic turning point were significantly more frequently mentioned by the traumatized than by the control group as well. Characteristics of the abuse, such as early age or violence, did not appear to be predictive of abuse-related amnesia. However, an inverse relation was found between prolonged sexual abuse (extending into adulthood) and amnesia. Women who initially consented to the abuse to get attention from the perpetrator were found to be more amnestic.
p. 261-273
1996-12-01T00:00:00Z