OA-APC Award Fund Winners Works
https://scholarsbank.uoregon.edu/xmlui/handle/1794/27669
2024-03-29T10:05:41ZBreathing-Based Meditation for Improving COPD Burden: A Mixed Single- Case and Qualitative Approach
https://scholarsbank.uoregon.edu/xmlui/handle/1794/29066
Breathing-Based Meditation for Improving COPD Burden: A Mixed Single- Case and Qualitative Approach
Lin, Ting-fen; Linville, Deanna; Nese, Rhonda N. T.; Seeley, John; Shune, Samantha
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) impacts the physiological and psychoemotional
aspects of life. COPD-related secondary sequelae also synergistically interact with
each other. For example, dyspnea affects the severity of breath, body functions, and the mind
(e.g., anxiety, panic, fear). Such negative psycho-emotional states can further negatively
impact the breath and the body (e.g., increased dyspnea). Given the breadth of the impact of
COPD on multiple facets of health and well-being, it is essential to investigate comprehensive
approaches to managing COPD, simultaneously addressing the mind, body, and breath.
Sudarshan Kriya Yoga (SKY), a breathwork meditation program, has previously yielded a wide
range of physiological and psycho-emotional benefits but has not been explored in individuals
with COPD. Using single-case multiple-baseline and qualitative phenomenology
methodologies, this study investigated 1) the relation between dyspnea and SKY and 2) the
feasibility and general perceived effectiveness of SKY among individuals with COPD. Nine
individuals with varying severities of COPD participated. Data collection included ratings of
perceived dyspnea (work of breathing, shortness of breath, dyspnea-related distress, dyspnea-related anxiety) and semi-structured in-depth interviews. Results suggest that SKY is feasible and acceptable for individuals with COPD. Additionally, the results demonstrate proof of concept that SKY can help alleviate aspects of the COPD disease burden related to the mind, body, and breath as well as reduce the cyclical effect of the disease sequelae. Larger-scale trials are warranted, but this study is the first to support SKY as a viable complementary and integrative health approach for individuals with COPD.
31 pages
2023-12-19T00:00:00ZSelecting the Number and Labels of Topics in Topic Modeling: A Tutorial
https://scholarsbank.uoregon.edu/xmlui/handle/1794/29017
Selecting the Number and Labels of Topics in Topic Modeling: A Tutorial
Weston, Sara J.; Shryock, Ian; Light, Ryan; Fisher, Phillip A.
Topic modeling is a type of text analysis that identifies clusters of co-occurring words, or latent topics. A challenging
step of topic modeling is determining the number of topics to extract. This tutorial describes tools researchers can use to
identify the number and labels of topics in topic modeling. First, we outline the procedure for narrowing down a large
range of models to a select number of candidate models. This procedure involves comparing the large set on fit metrics,
including exclusivity, residuals, variational lower bound, and semantic coherence. Next, we describe the comparison
of a small number of models using project goals as a guide and information about topic representative and solution
congruence. Finally, we describe tools for labeling topics, including frequent and exclusive words, key examples, and
correlations among topics.
13 pages
2023-05-25T00:00:00ZParent Gender Affects the Influence of Parent Emotional Eating and Feeding Practices on Child Emotional Eating
https://scholarsbank.uoregon.edu/xmlui/handle/1794/29016
Parent Gender Affects the Influence of Parent Emotional Eating and Feeding Practices on Child Emotional Eating
Trevino, Shaina D.; Kelly, Nichole R.; Budd, Elizabeth L.; Giuliani, Nicole R.
Extant research supports a direct association between parent’s own emotional eating
and their child’s emotional eating, and demonstrates correlations among parent
emotional eating, feeding practices, and child emotional eating. However, the majority
of this work focuses on the separate influences of these factors. The current study aims
to add to the literature by simultaneously examining the indirect effects of three major
parental feeding practices (i.e., emotion regulation, instrumental, and restrictive feeding)
in the association between parent emotional eating and child emotional eating, and
exploring how these indirect effects vary based on parent gender. Parents (86 fathers,
324 mothers) of an elementary school-age child (M = 8.35, SD = 2.29, range = 5–13)
completed an online survey through Qualtrics Panels. Results suggested that restrictive
feeding partially accounted for the association between parent and child emotional
eating in the combined sample of mothers and fathers. Exploratory analyses revealed
that the indirect effects of parental feeding practices in the association between parent
emotional eating and child emotional eating varied based on parent gender. Among
mothers, restrictive feeding was the only feeding practice that partially accounted for
the association between maternal and child emotional eating, whereas all three feeding
practices fully accounted for the association between father and child emotional eating.
As the bulk of the literature on parent emotional eating and feeding has solely focused
on mothers, these findings offer insight into how feeding practices may differentially
function in the relation between parent emotional eating and child emotional eating for
mothers versus fathers.
12 pages
2021-09-10T00:00:00ZAncient hybridization leads to the repeated evolution of red flowers across a monkeyflower radiation
https://scholarsbank.uoregon.edu/xmlui/handle/1794/29015
Ancient hybridization leads to the repeated evolution of red flowers across a monkeyflower radiation
Short, Aidan W.; Streisfeld, Matthew A.
The reuse of old genetic variation can promote rapid diversification in evolutionary radiations, but in most cases, the historical events
underlying this divergence are not known. For example, ancient hybridization can generate new combinations of alleles that sort into
descendant lineages, potentially providing the raw material to initiate divergence. In the Mimulus aurantiacus species complex, there is
evidence for widespread gene flow among members of this radiation. In addition, allelic variation in the MaMyb2 gene is responsible
for differences in flower color between the closely related ecotypes of subspecies puniceus, contributing to reproductive isolation by
pollinators. Previous work suggested that MaMyb2 was introgressed into the red-flowered ecotype of puniceus. However, additional
taxa within the radiation have independently evolved red flowers from their yellow-flowered ancestors, raising the possibility that
this introgression had a more ancient origin. In this study, we used repeated tests of admixture from whole-genome sequence data
across this diverse radiation to demonstrate that there has been both ancient and recurrent hybridization in this group. However,
most of the signal of this ancient introgression has been removed due to selection, suggesting that widespread barriers to gene flow
are in place between taxa. Yet, a roughly 30 kb region that contains the MaMyb2 gene is currently shared only among the red-flowered
taxa. Patterns of admixture, sequence divergence, and extended haplotype homozygosity across this region confirm a history
of ancient hybridization, where functional variants have been preserved due to positive selection in red-flowered taxa but lost in
their yellow-flowered counterparts. The results of this study reveal that selection against gene flow can reduce genomic signatures of
ancient hybridization, but that historical introgression can provide essential genetic variation that facilitates the repeated evolution
of phenotypic traits between lineages.
12 pages
2023-06-05T00:00:00Z