Constraints on Eruption Dynamics, Mount St. Helens, WA, 2004-2008
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Date
2009-09
Authors
Schneider, Andrew Daniel, 1982-
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
University of Oregon
Abstract
Different models have been proposed for the "drumbeat" earthquakes that
accompanied recent eruptive behavior at Mount St. Helens. Debate continues as to
whether seismicity is related to brittle failure during the extrusion of solid dacite spines or
is the result of hydrothermal fluids interacting with a crack buried in the volcanic edifice.
My model predictions of steady-state conduit flow confirm the strong control that
degassing exerts on eruptive behavior. I discuss the necessary role of degassing for
extruded material to attain the high density (low vesicularity) of the observed spine
material and discuss the implications for generating seismicity. A brittle-failure source of
seismicity requires that the gouge elastic properties accommodate some strain, since the
magma compressibility in the upper conduit is too low to do so on its own. I also report on a novel method for generating high-resolution digital elevation models of fault surface
textures.
Description
xi, 114 p. : ill. A print copy of this thesis is available through the UO Libraries. Search the library catalog for the location and call number.
Keywords
Saint Helens, Mount (Wash.) -- Eruptions, Mount Saint Helens (Wash.)