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  • Incorporating structural models into research on the social amplification of risk: Implications for theory construction and decision making 
    Burns, William J.; Slovic, Paul; Kasperson, Roger; Kasperson, Jeanne; Renn, Ortwin; Emani, Srinivas (1993)
    A comprehensive approach to managing risk must draw on both the descriptive insights of the behavioral sciences and the prescriptive clarity of the management sciences. On the descriptive side, this study develops structural ...
  • The influence of identifiability and singularity in moral decision making 
    Wiss, Johanna; Andersson, David; Slovic, Paul; Vastfjall, Daniel; Tinghog, Gustav (Decision Research, 2015-09)
    There is an increased willingness to help identified individuals rather than non-identified, and the effect of identifiability is mainly present when a single individual rather than a group is presented. However, identifiability ...
  • Information integration in multiple-cue judgments 
    Slovic, Paul; Brehmer, Berndt (1980)
    When people attempt to integrate multiple cues into a single judgement, does the cognitive load produced by the integration process lead to simplification of the cue-judgement relationships? Three experiments tested the ...
  • Information processing, situation specificity, and the generality of risk-taking behavior 
    Slovic, Paul (Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 1972)
    An effort was made to construct two structurally similar risk-taking tasks in order to evaluate inter-task consistency of individual differences. Only the mode of response differed between tasks. In one task, subjects chose ...
  • Informing and educating the public about risk 
    Slovic, Paul (1986)
    The objective of informing and educating the public about risk issues seems easy to attain in principle, but, in practice, may be difficult to accomplish. This paper attempts to illustrate why this is so. To be effective, ...
  • Informing Decisions to Prevent Genocide 
    Vastfjall, Daniel; Slovic, Paul; Gergory, Robin (Johns Hopkins University Press, 2012)
    This paper describes a psychological phenomenon called psychic numbing that devalues lives when many are at stake and thus enables political leaders to neglect mass suffering, in violation of our professed humanitarian ...
  • Informing people about risk 
    Slovic, Paul; Lichtenstein, Sarah; Fischhoff, Baruch (1980)
    Designers of programs for informing the public about radiation hazards need to consider the difficulties inherent in communicating highly technical information about risk. To be effective, information campaigns must be ...
  • Insensitivity to the Value of Human Life: A Study of Psychophysical Numbing 
    Fetherstonhaugh, David; Slovic, Paul; Johnson, Stephen; Friedrich, James (1997)
    A fundamental principle of psychophysics is that people's ability to discriminate change in a physical stimulus diminishes as the magnitude of the stimulus increases. We find that people also exhibit diminished sensitivity ...
  • Intuitive numbers guide decisions 
    Peters, Ellen; Slovic, Paul; Vastfjall, Daniel; Mertz, C. K. (Society for Judgment and Decision Making, 2008-12)
    Measuring reaction times to number comparisons is thought to reveal a processing stage in elementary numerical cognition linked to internal, imprecise representations of number magnitudes. These intuitive representations ...
  • Intuitive toxicology II: Expert and lay judgments of chemical risks in Canada 
    Slovic, Paul; Malmfors, Torbjorn; Krewski, Daniel; Mertz, C. K.; Neil, Nancy; Bartlett, Sheryl (1995)
    This study is a replication and extension in Canada of a previous study in the United States in which toxicologists and members of the public were surveyed to determine their attitudes, beliefs, and perceptions regarding ...
  • Intuitive toxicology: Expert and lay judgments of chemical risks 
    Slovic, Paul; Malmfors, Torbjorn; Neil, Nancy (1992)
    Human beings have always been intuitive toxicologists, relying on their senses of sight, taste, and smell to detect harmful or unsafe food, water, and air. As we have come to recognize that our senses are not adequate to ...
  • Judged frequency of lethal events 
    Slovic, Paul; Lichtenstein, Sarah; Fischhoff, Baruch; Layman, Mark; Combs, Barbara (1978)
    A series of experiments studied how people judge the frequency of death from various causes. The judgments exhibited a highly consistent but systematically biased subjective scale of frequency. Two kinds of bias were ...
  • Judging Unlikely Conjunctions 
    Fischhoff, Baruch (Decision Research, 1985-05)
    Several procedures were used to elicit direct numerical estimates of the probabilities associated with various events created by the conjunction of three independent subevents. However the question was asked, many ...
  • Lay and Expert Perceptions of Planetary Protection 
    MacGregor, Donald G.; Slovic, Paul; Race, Margaret (Decision Research, 1998)
    As space scientists and engineers plan new missions to Mars and other planets in our solar system, they will face critical questions about the potential for biological contamination of planetary surfaces. In a society ...
  • Low Numeracy is Associated with Poor Financial Well-being Around the World 
    Slovic, Paul; Bruine de Bruin, Wandi (PLOS, 2021-11-22)
    Numeracy refers to the ability to use numbers, including converting percentages (e.g., 10%) into absolute frequencies (e.g., 1 in 10). Studies have suggested that numeracy is correlated to financial outcomes, suggesting ...
  • Mad cows, mad corn and mad communities: the role of socio-cultural factors in the perceived risk of genetically-modified food 
    Finucane, Melissa (Cambridge University Press, 2002)
    The rapid globalization of the world economy has increased the need for a knowledge base of reliable socio-cultural differences in perceptions, values and ways of thinking about new food technologies. Awareness of ...
  • Mental Imagery, Impact, and Affect: A Mediation Model for Charitable Giving 
    Dickert, Stephan; Kleber, Janet; Vastfjall, Daniel; Slovic, Paul (PLoS ONE, 2016-02-09)
    One of the puzzling phenomena in philanthropy is that people can show strong compassion for identified individual victims but remain unmoved by catastrophes that affect large numbers of victims. Two prominent findings in ...
  • Microbiologists’ Perceptions of Planetary Protection 
    MacGregor, Donald G.; Race, Margaret (Decision Research, 2001-02)
    As society enters the 21st century, NASA and its international partners are planning to conduct numerous new and exciting missions within the solar system. Many of these missions are motivated by scientific questions in ...
  • Misinterpretations of the “Cone of Uncertainty” in Florida during the 2004 Hurricane Season 
    Broad, Kenneth; Leiserowitz, Anthony; Weinkle, Jessica; Steketee, Marissa (American Meteorological Society, 2007-05)
    This article reviews the evolution, communication, and differing interpretations of the National Hurricane Center's “cone of uncertainty” hurricane forecast graphic. It concludes with a discussion of this graphic from the ...
  • Modeling and debiasing resource saving judgments 
    Svenson, Ola; Gonzalez, Nichel; Eriksson, Gabriella (Society for Judgment and Decision Making, 2014-09)
    Svenson (2011) showed that choices of one of two alternative productivity increases to save production resources (e.g., man-months) were biased. Judgments of resource savings following a speed increase from a low production ...

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