Dissociation : Vol. 1, No. 4 (Dec. 1988)
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Item Open Access Dissociation : Vol. 1, No. 4, p. 000 : cover, table of contents(Ridgeview Institute and the International Society for the Study of Multiple Personality and Dissociation, 1988-12)Item Open Access Dissociation : Vol. 1, No. 4, p. 001-002 : Editorial(Ridgeview Institute and the International Society for the Study of Multiple Personality and Dissociation, 1988-12) Kluft, Richard P., 1943-Item Open Access Dissociation : Vol. 1, No. 4, p. 041-046 : The differential diagnosis of multiple personality disorder from borderline personality disorder(Ridgeview Institute and the International Society for the Study of Multiple Personality and Dissociation, 1988-12) Kemp, Kristen; Gilbertson, Alan D.; Torem, Moshe S.Considerable controversy surrounds the relationship between multiple personality disorder (MPD) and borderline personality disorder (BPD). Some authors argue that MPD is a variant of BPD, and most agree that the differential diagnosis of the two is often very difficult. In this article data are presented from a study comparing historical, demographic and psychological testing variables between the two groups. No statistically significant differences were found between the two groups on these variables. However, certain trends emerged which may serve as a catalyst for further research. The relationship between the disorders may be complex; clinicians may need to use more sophisticated research techniques and develop more sensitive diagnostic criteria before it is understood.Item Open Access Dissociation : Vol. 1, No. 4, p. 047-058 : The phenomenology and treatment of extremely complex multiple personality disorder(Ridgeview Institute and the International Society for the Study of Multiple Personality and Dissociation, 1988-12) Kluft, Richard P., 1943-Contemporary reports indicated that the average number of personalities in recently reported patients with multiple personality disorder (MPD) is larger than that reported in the older literature. A minority of these recent patients demonstrate extreme complexity. A group of 26 patients with 26 or more personalities and under observation for a minimum of three years was studied. Their presentations, the reasons that appeared to underlie their complexity, and their courses of treatment are reviewed. Findings indicate that this group of patients is diverse, with some proving readily treatable, and others proving quite refractory. Observations that appear constructive for the treatment of such patients are offered. The concept of personality is discussed and an alternative description is explored. The usefulness of the paradigms and metaphors of splitting and division as heuristics for the understanding of MPD is challenged, and a paradigm/metaphor of redoubling and reconfiguration is offered for further study.Item Open Access Dissociation : Vol. 1, No. 4, p. 059-060 : Book review(Ridgeview Institute and the International Society for the Study of Multiple Personality and Dissociation, 1988-12) Fink, David L.; Ulman, Richard B.; Brothers, DorisItem Metadata only Dissociation : Vol. 1, No. 4, p. 061-062 : Media review(Ridgeview Institute and the International Society for the Study of Multiple Personality and Dissociation, 1988-12) Kluft, Richard P., 1943-; Coons, Philip M.Item Open Access Dissociation : Vol. 1, No. 4, p. 033-040 : Art, Interpretation, and Multiple Personality Disorder(Ridgeview Institute and the International Society for the Study of Multiple Personality and Dissociation, 1988-12) Fuhrman, Nancy L.This paper explores both projective and spontaneous drawings of school children and compares them to drawings of multiple personality disorder (MPD) patients. Results of many scholarly studies indicate that children typically follow predictable stages in their artistic growth with one stage or set of drawing behaviors building upon the preceding stages. It will be shown that MPD patients function artistically at different stages of creative growth, thus precluding artistic growth to flow smoothly, gradually, and predictably as it does in non-MPD individuals. The discontinuity in representative stages in the artwork of MPD patients will be addressed.Item Open Access Dissociation : Vol. 1, No. 4, p. 024-032 : Ten traps for therapists in the treatment of trauma survivors(Ridgeview Institute and the International Society for the Study of Multiple Personality and Dissociation, 1988-12) Chu, James A.Patients who have survived trauma, particularly those who have experienced early childhood abuse, stand out in the clinical experience of many therapists as being among the most difficult patients to treat. These patients have particular patterns of relatedness, along with intense neediness and dependency which make them superb testers of the abilities of their therapists. They often push therapists to examine the rationales and limits of their therapeutic abilities, and frequently force therapists to examine their own personal issues and ethical beliefs. A conceptual framework for understanding treatment traps is presented, along with ten traps which these patients present, consciously or unconsciously, in the course of treatment. Included are traps around trust, distance, boundaries, limits, responsibility, control, denial, projection, idealization, and motivation. These are certainly not the only traps which occur in the course of treatment, but they highlight the experience of treatment and the difficulties which are encountered between the therapist and the patient. This paper is intended to be clinical in orientation to help prepare and support therapists in their work.Item Open Access Dissociation : Vol. 1, No. 4, p. 017-023 : A comparison study of dissociative symtoms in patients with complex partial seizures, MPD, and posttraumatic stress disorder(Ridgeview Institute and the International Society for the Study of Multiple Personality and Dissociation, 1988-12) Loewenstein, Richard J.; Putnam, Frank W., 1947-Depersonalization and dissociative symptoms have been widely reported in chronic seizure disorder patients, especially those with temporal lobe involvement and complex partial seizures (CPS). It has been theorized that development of multiple personality disorder (MPD) may be related to temporal lobe pathology. We administered the Dissociative Experiences Scale (DES) to 12 male patients with severe chronic epilepsy, primarily of the complex partial type. Patients had had epilepsy from one to thirty years. Most were being evaluated for intractable seizures occurring several times per week. DES data on the epileptic patients were compared with DES data on 9 male MPD patients and 39 male PTSD patients. MPD and PTSD patients were significantly different from CPS patients on median DES scores and all DES sub-scale scores. MPD and PTSD patients were far more similar on the DES, although MPD patients had a significantly higher score on the dissociation/psychogenic amnesia sub-scale of the DES. The authors conclude that there is little data to support a relationship between MPD, dissociation, and epilepsy.Item Open Access Dissociation : Vol. 1, No. 4, p. 011-016: Defining a sydrome of severe symtoms in survivors of severe incestuous abuse(Ridgeview Institute and the International Society for the Study of Multiple Personality and Dissociation, 1988-12) Goodwin, Jean, 1946-; Cheeves, Katherine; Connell, VirginiaSevere symptoms are described in 10 women treated in a group for adult incest victims who had been psychiatrically hospitalized at least once. All these patients suffered at least 7 of the following 11 severe symptoms: dissociative symptoms, borderline personality disorder, legal involvements either with family court or other law enforcement systems, substance abuse, subsequent rapes, physical abuse by sexual partners, multiple suicide attempts, affective disorder, multiple psychiatric hospitalizations, somatization disorder, and eating disorder. All met criteria for post-traumatic stress disorder. Their child abuse histories were extreme.Item Open Access Dissociation : Vol. 1, No. 4, p. 005-010 : Thoughts on the cognitive perceptual substrates of multiple personality disorder(Ridgeview Institute and the International Society for the Study of Multiple Personality and Dissociation, 1988-12) Fine, Catherine G., 1950-Although MPD patients typically present to treatment with affective symptoms, trauma-related information is originally encoded in the patients' perceptions and mediated by their cognitions. This paper will describe the dysfunctional assumptive and perceptual categories that form the building blocks of MPD patients' distorted experiences. Perceptual shifting techniques and cognitive reframing will consequently be the recommended interventions prior to therapeutic abreactive work.