Dissociation : Vol. 3, No. 2 (June 1990)
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Item Open Access Dissociation : Vol. 3, No. 2, p. 062-063 : Reflections on Takahashi's methodology and the role of culture on MPD(Ridgeview Institute and the International Society for the Study of Multiple Personality and Dissociation, 1990-06) Martinez-Taboas, Alfonso, 1953-Item Open Access Dissociation : Vol. 3, No. 2, p. 123 : Book review(Ridgeview Institute and the International Society for the Study of Multiple Personality and Dissociation, 1990-06) Coons, Philip M.; Aldridge-Morris, RayItem Open Access Dissociation : Vol. 3, No. 2, p. 107-112 : A preliminary comparative study of drawings produced under hypnosis and in a simulated state by both MPD and non-MPD adults(Ridgeview Institute and the International Society for the Study of Multiple Personality and Dissociation, 1990-06) Fuhrman, Nancy L.; Zingaro, Joseph C.; Kokenes, BarbaraIn a pilot study designed to determine if there is a difference in the artwork of MPD and non-MPD adults when developmental stages of artistic growth are compared, both groups of subjects were assessed under two conditions. Each subject was asked to complete a set of drawings while they were pretending to be certain ages (5, 9, 12, and 16), i.e., in a simulated state. A second set of drawings was completed while subjects were hypnotized and age regressed to the same ages of 5, 9, 12, and 16. Ages for the simulated and hypnotically age regressed states were selected based on earlier developmental studies of artwork. Each age selected represents a different stage of artistic growth that can be identified by characteristics found in the form of artwork (noted in the linear qualities, spatial organization, and use of detail within the artwork). The Mann Whitney U test, when applied to scores representing developmental characteristics in artwork from both the simulated and hypnotic states, showed a difference at the p < .006 level (significant) and p < .002 level, respectively. Non-MPD subjects scored higher, in the stage four through stage six range. MPD subjects' scores showed greater diversity, with all six stages of artistic growth being represented. This diversity in MPD scores suggests that an age regression, or a phenomenon akin to it, occurs in MPD subjects but is not apparent in non-MPD subjects regardless of instructions to simulate or to follow a protocol instructing them to age regress hypnotically.Item Open Access Dissociation : Vol. 3, No. 2, p. 102-106 : Somatic symptoms in multiple sclerosis and MPD(Ridgeview Institute and the International Society for the Study of Multiple Personality and Dissociation, 1990-06) Ross, Colin A.; Fast, Eunice; Anderson, Geri; Auty, Anthony; Todd, JudyIn this report 50 subjects with multiple sclerosis are compared to 50 subjects with multiple personality disorder. The multiple sclerosis patients endorsed an average of 3.0 somatic symptoms on structured interview, the multiple personality subjects an average of 14.5. The somatic symptoms characteristic of neurological illness were trouble walking, paralysis, and muscle weakness. Those characteristic of psychiatric illness were genitourinary and gastrointestinal symptoms.Item Open Access Dissociation : Vol. 3, No. 2, p. 094-101 : Historical and folk techniques of exorcism: applications to the treatment of dissociative disorders(Ridgeview Institute and the International Society for the Study of Multiple Personality and Dissociation, 1990-06) Goodwin, Jean, 1946-; Hill, Sally; Attias, ReinaAnthropologists and psychiatrists have pointed out similarities between the traditional diagnosis of possession and present day diagnostic criteria for dissociative disorders. Over the centuries, exorcism has been the treatment of choice for such disorders. In this article Christian and Jewish exorcism practices are described together with related techniques from other cultures. Common elements found in traditional exorcisms include: 1) use of special diagnostic techniques; 2) use of incantations, scriptures and music; 3) use of ritual objects; 4) physical interventions; 5) verbal confrontation of the possessing spirit; 6) aftercare; and 7) care to understand and avert risks to the exorcist. Familiarity with these techniques is useful when working with patients who allege that they are victims of sadistic ritual abuse, who may seek exorcism from traditional sources, concurrently with medical treatment. Also, understanding the significance and impacts of these ancient techniques may allow us to identify the specific vulnerabilities in dissociative patients which these interventions have evolved to address. Defining these areas may help us become more precise in predicting what kind of modifications in psychotherapeutic technique may be necessary when treating such patients.Item Open Access Dissociation : Vol. 3, No. 2, p. 088-093 : The use of a logotherapy technique in the treatment of multiple personality disorder(Ridgeview Institute and the International Society for the Study of Multiple Personality and Dissociation, 1990-06) Hutzell, R. R.; Jerkins, Mary EggertTreatment of Multiple Personality Disorder (MPD) typically demands cooperation from the various personalities. Logotherapy offers a framework and technique (Values Awareness Technique-VAT) to help accomplish this sometimes difficult task of fostering cooperation. The VAT helps personalities clarify underlying values they find personally meaningful. The personalities' underlying values may show more similarities than are seen in their overt behaviors, thus showing common grounds from which the therapist can initiate discussions about reasons for cooperation. This paper outlines the VAT and offers two case studies, each with two personalities, to demonstrate use of the VAT in fostering cooperation among personalities in the successful treatment of MPD.Item Open Access Dissociation : Vol. 3, No. 2, p. 081-087 : Self-mutilation associated with dissociative disorders(Ridgeview Institute and the International Society for the Study of Multiple Personality and Dissociation, 1990-06) Coons, Philip M.; Milstein, VictorThe incidence of self-mutilation is high among patients with eating disorders, antisocial personality disorder, and borderline personality disorder. To determine the incidence of self-mutilation among patients with dissociative disorders, the first one hundred consecutive adult dissociative disorder patients who were enrolled in a dissociative disorders clinic were evaluated for self-mutilation. Self-mutilation was a common occurrence among patients with multiple personality disorder (48%), psychogenic amnesia (29%), and dissociative disorder not otherwise specified (23 %). Often the patients were amnesic for the self-mutilation. The occurrence of amnesia or persistent denial of self-injury in anyone who engages in self-mutilation makes it imperative that they be screened carefully for evidence of dissociation. Four case histories are described and illustrated with photographs.Item Open Access Dissociation : Vol. 3, No. 2, p. 070-080 : Dreamlike thought and dream mode processes in the formation of personalities in MPD(Ridgeview Institute and the International Society for the Study of Multiple Personality and Dissociation, 1990-06) Franklin, JeanIn multiple personality disorder (MPD), the overwhelming traumas induce dissociative states of consciousness in which the child uses developmental dreamlike thought in a dream mode of mental processing to form personalities to cope with or defend against the traumas. The personalities may then continue to be structured by schemas and substrates based on reality, fantasy, further dreamlike thought, and other shaping influences, such as identification. Evidence for this view is: (1) When MPD first develops, much of the child's normal thought is dreamlike. (2) The nature and elaboration of the personalities from childhood to adult MPD parallel the development of children's waking thought and their dreams. (3) MPD patients often use dreamlike thought (such as imagery, symbols, creative imagination, and personification) in the dream mode of processing in which personalities are intensely hallucinated, have delusions of experiential reality, often experience amnesia, show intense emotion, have varying orientations to time, place, and person, and use parallel and analogical processing.Item Open Access Dissociation : Vol. 3, No. 2, p. 068 : It goes without saying that further study should be conducted on MPD in Japan(Ridgeview Institute and the International Society for the Study of Multiple Personality and Dissociation, 1990-06) Takahashi, YoshitomoItem Open Access Dissociation : Vol. 3, No. 2, p. 060-061 : Comment on "Is MPD really rare in Japan?"(Ridgeview Institute and the International Society for the Study of Multiple Personality and Dissociation, 1990-06) Frischholz, Edward J.; Braun, Bennett G.Item Open Access Dissociation : Vol. 3, No. 2, p. 057-059 : Is multiple personality disorder really rare in Japan?(Ridgeview Institute and the International Society for the Study of Multiple Personality and Dissociation, 1990-06) Takahashi, YoshitomoDespite the recent high number of reports on multiple personality disorder (MPD), especially in the United States, Japanese psychiatrists still believe that MPD is a very rare psychiatric problem. A review of 489 inpatients diagnosed DSM-III or DSM-IIII-R criteria was used to determine the incidence of MPD among all inpatients in a Japanese medical college hospital during the period of five years between October 11, 1983 and October 10, 1988. No diagnosis of MPD was made. Further study based on the same diagnostic criteria should be conducted to determine differences in the incidence of MPD across different cultures.Item Open Access Dissociation : Vol. 3, No. 2, p. 055 : Editorial(Ridgeview Institute and the International Society for the Study of Multiple Personality and Dissociation, 1990-06) Kluft, Richard P., 1943-Item Open Access Dissociation : Vol. 3, No. 2, p. 066-067 : Commentary on Takahashi's "Is MPD really rare in Japan?"(Ridgeview Institute and the International Society for the Study of Multiple Personality and Dissociation, 1990-06) Hart, Onno van der, 1941-Item Open Access Dissociation : Vol. 3, No. 2, p. 056 : Editorial remarks(Ridgeview Institute and the International Society for the Study of Multiple Personality and Dissociation, 1990-06) Kluft, Richard P., 1943-Item Open Access Dissociation : Vol. 3, No. 2, p. 000 : Cover, table of contents(Ridgeview Institute and the International Society for the Study of Multiple Personality and Dissociation, 1990-06)Item Open Access Dissociation : Vol. 3, No. 2, p. 113-122 : Preliminary notes on MPD and allied forms of dissociative disorder not otherwise specified in practicing psychotherapists(Ridgeview Institute and the International Society for the Study of Multiple Personality and Dissociation, 1990-06) Kluft, Richard P., 1943-Dissociative disorders, including multiple personality disorder and allied forms of dissociative disorder not otherwise specified, were encountered in 20 practicing psychotherapists. Detailed reportage is precluded by considerations of confidentiality. Selected topics with regard to their professional functioning, diagnosis, phenomenology, treatment, and prognosis will be discussed.Item Open Access Dissociation : Vol. 3, No. 2, p. 064-065 : Comments on: Takahashi's " Is MPD really rare in Japan?"(Ridgeview Institute and the International Society for the Study of Multiple Personality and Dissociation, 1990-06) Ross, Colin A.