Dissociation : Vol. 5, No. 3 (Sept. 1992)

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  • ItemOpen Access
    Dissociation : Vol. 5, No. 3, p. 177-178 : Response to the centrality of relationship: what’s not being said
    (Ridgeview Institute and the International Society for the Study of Multiple Personality and Dissociation, 1992-09) Torem, Moshe S.
  • ItemOpen Access
    Dissociation : Vol. 5, No. 3, p. 181-183 : Response to commentaries on “Centrality of relationship”
    (Ridgeview Institute and the International Society for the Study of Multiple Personality and Dissociation, 1992-09) Kinsler, Philip J.
  • ItemOpen Access
    Dissociation : Vol. 5, No. 3, p. 179-180 : Response to the centrality of relationship: what’s not being said
    (Ridgeview Institute and the International Society for the Study of Multiple Personality and Dissociation, 1992-09) Young, Walter C.
  • ItemOpen Access
    Dissociation : Vol. 5, No. 3, p. 176 : Response to the centrality of relationship: what’s not being said
    (Ridgeview Institute and the International Society for the Study of Multiple Personality and Dissociation, 1992-09) Sachs, Roberta G.
  • ItemOpen Access
    Dissociation : Vol. 5, No. 3, p. 174-175 : Response to the centrality of relationship: what’s not being said
    (Ridgeview Institute and the International Society for the Study of Multiple Personality and Dissociation, 1992-09) Olson, Jean A.
  • ItemOpen Access
    Dissociation : Vol. 5, No. 3, p. 173 : Response to the centrality of relationship: what’s not being said
    (Ridgeview Institute and the International Society for the Study of Multiple Personality and Dissociation, 1992-09) Fine, Catherine G., 1950-
  • ItemOpen Access
    Dissociation : Vol. 5, No. 3, p. 171-172 : Response to the centrality of relationship: what’s not being said
    (Ridgeview Institute and the International Society for the Study of Multiple Personality and Dissociation, 1992-09) Comstock, Christine M.
  • ItemOpen Access
    Dissociation : Vol. 5, No. 3, p. 166-170 : The centrality of relationship: what’s not being said
    (Ridgeview Institute and the International Society for the Study of Multiple Personality and Dissociation, 1992-09) Kinsler, Philip J.
    This paper presents the author's theoretical attempt to balance two important needs in the therapy of adult survivors of severe abuse: the need for clear structure and boundaries, and the need for deep therapeutic engagement. The author believes that it is the combination of safety with engagement which is crucial in modifying survivors' lack of trust in themselves and others. The author believes we are conducting "special relationships" in our work with severe abuse survivors, with goals different from those of traditional therapies. Therefore, we require a different way to understand how to conduct this work. Some productive questions for thinking about boundaries and structure are offered, as well as an outline of the characteristics of this type of therapy relationship.
  • ItemOpen Access
    Dissociation : Vol. 5, No. 3, p. 163-165 : Assessment of childhood trauma and dissociation in an emergency department
    (Ridgeview Institute and the International Society for the Study of Multiple Personality and Dissociation, 1992-09) Ross, Colin A.; Clark, Patti
    A sample of 774 psychiatric emergency room consultation reports at a teaching hospital were reviewed to determine how often childhood trauma and its long-term sequelae were enquired about. It was evident that trauma and its sequelae were not enquired about systematically during emergency room consultations.
  • ItemOpen Access
    Dissociation : Vol. 5, No. 3, p. 159-162 : The imaginary companion experience in multiple personality disorder
    (Ridgeview Institute and the International Society for the Study of Multiple Personality and Dissociation, 1992-09) Sanders, Barbara
    This study used a standardized written inquiry to obtain basic descriptive information on the imaginary companion experience in a small sample of individuals with multiple personality disorder. Fourteen of twenty-two multiples recalled imaginary companions from their childhood. Data on the recalled ages of the experience, the vividness of the experience, family responses to the companion, activities engaged in with the companion, and functions served by the companion are summarized. The results are compared with those for college students, and the relation between imaginary companions and alter personalities is discussed.
  • ItemOpen Access
    Dissociation : Vol. 5, No. 3, p. 155-158 : The therapist as victim: a preliminary discussion
    (Ridgeview Institute and the International Society for the Study of Multiple Personality and Dissociation, 1992-09) Comstock, Christine M.; Vickery, Diane
    Increasingly reports are being received from colleagues, supervisees, and consultees from around the country that patients who were severely abused as children and are pathologically dissociated as adults may be increasingly prone to victimize their therapists intentionally. Actions taken by such patients have included the filing of frivolous or malicious complaints or lawsuits, the spreading of rumors about the therapist, harassment of other patients of the therapist, and violation of the therapist's privacy and personal space, among many others. Such behaviors may be in response to patients' own internal distress, to unrecognized complexities within the therapeutic process, to re-enactments, and/or to patients' resistance against focusing on their own issues. The authors contend that although some therapists have behaved inappropriately with their patients, there are identifiable dynamics within the patients and within the therapeutic relationship that could alert the therapist to the potential of destructive acting-out towards the therapist. The purpose of this paper is to acknowledge the phenomenon of therapist victimization, to discuss some of the underlying dynamics, and to begin to address possible preventive measures.
  • ItemOpen Access
    Dissociation : Vol. 5, No. 3, p. 150-154 : Dissociation and memory: a two-hundred-year perspective
    (Ridgeview Institute and the International Society for the Study of Multiple Personality and Dissociation, 1992-09) Crabtree, Adam
    Since it first came under systematic scrutiny two hundred years ago, dissociation has pointed out certain peculiarities of memory. The discovery of magnetic sleep in 1784 revealed that there are separate consciousnesses that operate within an individual, each with a distinct memory chain. The lack of awareness of one consciousness for the experience of the other was called amnesia. Further experimentation showed that those consciousnesses could be multiple, and that different experiences could be assigned to different centers of consciousness. This indicated that the terms "amnesia" or "forgetting" do not really apply, since information assigned to one center was not known by the other centers in the first place. In the 1890's this "dissociated" way of functioning came to be seen by many as normal and common to all human beings. The theory of state-related memory, arising in the 1960's confirmed this view. Later, the BASK model provided a framework for synthesizing a broad array of data about dissociation. Most recently, the concept of cultural dissociation points out the need to retrieve and reclaim a wide variety of human experiences that have been interdicted by our culture and barred from mainstream thinking.
  • ItemOpen Access
    Dissociation : Vol. 5, No. 3, p. 141-149 : Ann Sexton: iatrogenesis of an alter personality in an undiagnosed case of MPD
    (Ridgeview Institute and the International Society for the Study of Multiple Personality and Dissociation, 1992-09) Ross, Colin A.
    Controversy about whether multiple personality disorder (MPD) is an iatrogenic artifact continues, but those proposing that the disorder is not valid have not described a single specific case of iatrogenic MPD. Anne Sexton, a Pulitzer Prize-winning poet who committed suicide, had MPD which was not diagnosed by her psychiatrist. Anne Sexton the poet appears to have been an alter personality created within the therapy and reinforced by the psychiatrist. The only clear example of the iatrogenic creation of an alter personality appears to have occurred in an undiagnosed case of MPD treated by a psychiatrist who suppressed the previously existing alter personalities in favor of his own iatrogenic artifact.
  • ItemOpen Access
    Dissociation : Vol. 5, No. 3, p. 127-140 : Abreaction re-evaluated
    (Ridgeview Institute and the International Society for the Study of Multiple Personality and Dissociation, 1992-09) Hart, Onno van der, 1941-; Brown, Paul
    Contemporary clinicians working in the field of multiple personality disorder (MPD) generally agree that pathogenic traumatic memories are at the root of this dissociative disorder. Examination of contemporary studies, however, shows that diagnostic and therapeutic conceptualization remains muddled and frequently contradictory. This confusion stems back to Breuer and Freud's "Studies of Hysteria," in which they used two contradictory models concerning the nature and treatment of traumatic memories. The first model was in terms of dissociation and integration, processes which already had a French pedigree (particularly with Pierre Janet), and the second was their own model which they developed in terms of the principle of psychological constancy and abreaction. In the literature on trauma since Breuer and Freud, e.g., studies on post-traumatic stress during and after World Wars I and II and the Vietnam war, different authors have emphasized either one or both models. The present authors critically re-evaluate abreaction and advocate the dissociation-integration model as the basis for further conceptualization, discussing the role of emotional expression within it.
  • ItemOpen Access
    Dissociation : Vol. 5, No. 3, p. 125-126 : Editorial
    (Ridgeview Institute and the International Society for the Study of Multiple Personality and Dissociation, 1992-09) Kluft, Richard P., 1943-
  • ItemOpen Access
    Dissociation : Vol. 5, No. 3, p. 000 : Cover, table of contents
    (Ridgeview Institute and the International Society for the Study of Multiple Personality and Dissociation, 1992-09)